Metastasis is a leading cause of breast cancer mortality. The induction of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and complex oncogenic signaling is a vital step in the evolution of highly metastatic and t...
Authors: Jia-Hong Chen, Wen-Chien Huang, Oluwaseun Adebayo Bamodu, Peter Mu-Hsin Chang, Tsu-Yi Chao and Tse-Hung Huang
The recent implementation of PET with prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-specific radiotracers into the clinical practice has resulted in the significant improvement of accuracy in the detection of pros...
Authors: Heike Endepols, Agnieszka Morgenroth, Boris D. Zlatopolskiy, Philipp Krapf, Johannes Zischler, Raphael Richarz, Sergio Muñoz Vásquez, Bernd Neumaier and Felix M. Mottaghy
A key challenge in phase I trials is maintaining rapid escalation in order to avoid exposing too many patients to sub-therapeutic doses, while preserving safety by limiting the frequency of toxic events. Tradi...
Authors: Bernard North, Hemant Mahendrakumar Kocher and Peter Sasieni
Mammographic density is one of the strongest risk factors for breast cancer. In the general population, mammographic density can be modified by various exposures; whether this is true for women a strong family...
Authors: Olivia Moran, Andrea Eisen, Rochelle Demsky, Kristina Blackmore, Julia A. Knight, Seema Panchal, Ophira Ginsburg, Kevin Zbuk, Martin Yaffe, Kelly A. Metcalfe, Steven A. Narod and Joanne Kotsopoulos
Globally, the incidence and mortality rates of gastric cancer are high, and its poor prognosis is closely related to tumor recurrence and metastasis. Therefore, the molecular mechanisms associated with the mig...
This study aimed to evaluate the value of chitinase activity in prognosticating the occurrence of metastasis in and prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).
Authors: Zhangfa Song, Engeng Chen, Jun Qian, Jianbin Xu, Gaoyang Cao, Wei Zhou, Fei Wang, Min Chen, Dengyong Xu, Xiaowei Wang, Xiaotong Hu, Zhenyu Ju, Xuefeng Huang and Xiujun Cai
A major barrier to effective treatment of glioblastoma (GBM) is the large intertumoral heterogeneity at the genetic and cellular level. In early phase clinical trials, patient heterogeneity in response to ther...
Authors: Erlend Skaga, Evgeny Kulesskiy, Artem Fayzullin, Cecilie J. Sandberg, Swapnil Potdar, Aija Kyttälä, Iver A. Langmoen, Aki Laakso, Emília Gaál-Paavola, Markus Perola, Krister Wennerberg and Einar O. Vik-Mo
Despite latest advances in prostate cancer (PCa) therapy, PCa remains the third-leading cause of cancer-related death in European men. Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNA molecules with g...
Authors: Mirjam Kiener, Lanpeng Chen, Markus Krebs, Joël Grosjean, Irena Klima, Charis Kalogirou, Hubertus Riedmiller, Burkhard Kneitz, George N. Thalmann, Ewa Snaar-Jagalska, Martin Spahn, Marianna Kruithof-de Julio and Eugenio Zoni
Sentinel node biopsy (SNB) is the standard procedure for axillary staging in patients with clinically lymph node negative invasive breast cancer. Completion axillary lymph node dissection (c-ALND) may not be n...
Authors: Shabaz Majid, Lisa Rydén and Jonas Manjer
Chemotherapy may be a valuable treatment option as neoadjuvant treatment for locally advanced penile cancer according to some previous studies, but the rarity of the sample and the Lack of large-scale clinical...
Authors: Jian Xu, Gang Li, Shi Miao Zhu, Qi Liang Cai, Zhun Wang, Xiong Yang, Hong Tan Zhang and Yuan Jie Niu
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant disease with an enigmatic etiology. NPC associates with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and human papillomaviruses (HPVs), while immunological factors also play a role in...
Authors: Miia Ruuskanen, Ilmo Leivo, Heikki Minn, Tero Vahlberg, Caj Haglund, Jaana Hagström and Heikki Irjala
A cytotoxic chemotherapeutic regimen is not routinely recommended for frail elderly patients with unresectable colorectal cancer (CRC) because of susceptibility to treatment. Panitumumab is a monoclonal antibo...
Noninvasive biomarkers are urgently needed for optimal management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) for the prevention of disease progression into nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and hepatocellul...
Following publication of the original article [1], the authors reported the following errors in the article.
Authors: Edith A. Perez, Sanne Lysbet de Haas, Wolfgang Eiermann, Carlos H. Barrios, Masakazu Toi, Young-Hyuck Im, Pier Franco Conte, Miguel Martin, Tadeusz Pienkowski, Xavier B. Pivot, Howard A. Burris III, Sven Stanzel, Monika Patre and Paul Anthony Ellis
Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) loss and mastermind-like 3 (MAML3) translocation are two clinically important genetic alterations that correlate with increased rates of metastasis in subtypes of human paraganglioma...
Ovarian cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the female reproductive tract. Chemoresistance is a major challenge for current ovarian cancer therapy. However, the mechanism underlying epithelial ovarian...
Authors: Junli Deng, Xupeng Bai, Xiaojie Feng, Jie Ni, Julia Beretov, Peter Graham and Yong Li
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent the majority of cellular transcripts and play pivotal roles in hematopoiesis. However, their clinical relevance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic synd...
Time to diagnosis (TTD) concerns teenagers and young adults (TYA) with cancer and may affect outcome.
Authors: Rachel M. Dommett, Hannah Pring, Jamie Cargill, Paul Beynon, Alison Cameron, Rachel Cox, Aoife Nechowska, Alison Wint and Michael C. G. Stevens
A higher density of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) can lead to greater therapeutic effects and improved prognoses in cancer treatment. Similar results have been observed in breast cancer, particularly i...
Malignant pleural effusion (MPE) is a devastating sequela associated with cancer. Talc pleurodesis is a common treatment strategy for MPE but has been estimated to be unsuccessful in up to 20–50% of patients. ...
Authors: Tim N. Beck, Alexander Y. Deneka, Louis Chai, Colin Kanach, Priya Johal, Nicolas J. Alvarez, Yanis Boumber, Erica A. Golemis and Glenn W. Laub
Hereditary cancer syndromes have inherited germline mutations which predispose to benign and malignant tumors. Understanding of the molecular causes in hereditary cancer syndromes has advanced cancer treatment...
Whether chronic inflammation increases prostate cancer risk remains unclear. This study investigated whether chronic inflammatory diseases (CID) or anti-inflammatory medication use (AIM) were associated with p...
Authors: Kerri Beckmann, Beth Russell, Debra Josephs, Hans Garmo, Christel Haggstrom, Lars Holmberg, Pär Stattin, Mieke Van Hemelrijck and Jan Adolfsson
Treatment of postmenopausal, hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients varies despite clear therapy guidelines, favoring endocrine treatment (ET). Aim of this study was to analyze persi...
Authors: Markus Wallwiener, Naiba Nabieva, Manuel Feisst, Tanja Fehm, Johann de Waal, Mahdi Rezai, Bernd Baier, Gerold Baake, Hans-Christian Kolberg, Martin Guggenberger, Mathias Warm, Nadia Harbeck, Rachel Wuerstlein, Jörg-Uwe Deuker, Peter Dall, Barbara Richter…
Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is standard staging procedure for nodal status in breast cancer, but lacks therapeutic benefit for patients with benign sentinel nodes. For patients with positive sentinel nod...
Authors: Looket Dihge, Mattias Ohlsson, Patrik Edén, Pär-Ola Bendahl and Lisa Rydén
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is the major subtype of esophageal cancer with high aggressiveness and poor prognosis. There is an urgent need for understanding the molecular mechanism underlying the...
Authors: Bo Zeng, Xin Zhang, Jingling Zhao, Zhewei Wei, Haoshuai Zhu, Minyi Fu, Dawei Zou, Yanfen Feng, Honghe Luo and Yiyan Lei
Currently, there are three main surgical approaches for resectable esophageal cancer: open transthoracic esophagectomy (OTE), conventional minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) and robot-assisted esophagectom...
Authors: Yang Yang, Xiaobin Zhang, Bin Li, Zhigang Li, Yifeng Sun, Teng Mao, Rong Hua, Yu Yang, Xufeng Guo, Yi He, Hecheng Li, Hezhong Chen and Lijie Tan
The NTRK2 genetic locus encodes neurotrophin membrane receptors that play an important role in normal neural tissue plasticity, growth, and survival. One NTRK2-encoded protein is TrkB-FL, which can regulate mu...
Authors: Yalu Zhou, Saurabh Sinha, Joel L. Schwartz and Guy R. Adami
The prognosis of patients with locally advanced gastric cancer or esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma is still dismal. There are no standard treatment strategies for these patients. Multidisciplinary team ...
Authors: Xiaowen Liu, Jiejie Jin, Hong Cai, Hua Huang, Guangfa Zhao, Ye Zhou, Jianghong Wu, Chunyan Du, Ziwen Long, Yantian Fang, Mingze Ma, Guichao Li, Menglong Zhou, Jiliang Yin, Xiaodong Zhu, Ji zhu…
Programmed cell death protein 1(PD-1) blocking antibodies have been used to enhance immunity in solid tumors and achieve durable clinical responses with an acceptable safety profile in multiple types of cancer...
Authors: Haiwei Wang, Xinrui Wang, Liangpu Xu, Ji Zhang and Hua Cao
The prognosis of bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA) varies greatly among patients, and conventional pathological predictors are generally inadequate and often inaccurate to predict the heterogeneous behavior ...
Authors: Shuxiong Zeng, Anwei Liu, Lihe Dai, Xiaowen Yu, Zhensheng Zhang, Qiao Xiong, Jun Yang, Fei Liu, Jinshan Xu, Yongping Xue, Yinghao Sun and Chuanliang Xu
Circulating tumor cells (CTC) and plasma cell-free RNA (cfRNA) can serve as biomarkers for prognosis and treatment response in lung cancer. One barrier to the selected or routine use of CTCs and plasma cfRNA i...
Authors: Tim N. Beck, Yanis A. Boumber, Charu Aggarwal, Jianming Pei, Catherine Thrash-Bingham, Patricia Fittipaldi, Ramillya Vlasenkova, Chandra Rao, Hossein Borghaei, Massimo Cristofanilli, Ranee Mehra, Ilya Serebriiskii and R. Katherine Alpaugh
Chemo-resistance is one of the major challenges in the therapy of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Multiple mechanisms are thought to be involved in chemo-resistance during SCLC treatment, but unfortunately, the...
Authors: Jinzhi Lai, Hainan Yang, Yanyang Zhu, Mei Ruan, Yayu Huang and Qiuyu Zhang
Breast cancer with pathological non-complete response (non-pCR) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has a worse prognosis. Despite Neo-Bioscore has been validated as an independent prognostic model for breast...
Authors: Uanderson Resende, César Cabello, Susana Oliveira Botelho Ramalho and Luiz Carlos Zeferino
Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitors are frequently used to treat cancers and the results have been mixed, some of these small molecule drugs are highly successful while others show a more modest response...
Authors: Jian Li, Kathrin Halfter, Mengying Zhang, Christian Saad, Kai Xu, Bernhard Bauer, Yijiang Huang, Lei Shi and Ulrich R. Mansmann
Podoplanin (PDPN), a transmembrane O-glycoprotein, is up-regulated in many tumors and is involved in tumor metastasis and malignant progression. In previous studies, we generated a functional blocking monoclonal ...
Authors: Mengqiao Xu, Xia Wang, Yanfang Pan, Xingpeng Zhao, Bin Yan, Changgeng Ruan, Lijun Xia and Yiming Zhao
NANOS3 is a gene conserved throughout evolution. Despite the quite low conservation of Nanos sequences between different organisms and even between Nanos paralogs, their role in germ cell development is remarkabl...
Authors: Vanessa Andries, Evi De Keuckelaere, Katrien Staes, Tino Hochepied, Joachim Taminau, Kelly Lemeire, Philippe Birembaut, Geert Berx and Frans van Roy
S100A8 and S100A9, two heterodimer-forming members of the S100 family, aberrantly express in a variety of cancer types. However, little is known about the mechanism that regulates S100A8/S100A9 co-expression i...
Authors: Yunguang Li, Fei Kong, Chang Jin, Enze Hu, Qirui Shao, Jin Liu, Dacheng He and Xueyuan Xiao
Gemcitabine remains a cornerstone in chemotherapy of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) despite suboptimal clinical effects that are partly due to the development of chemoresistance. Pancreatic stellate c...
Authors: Manoj Amrutkar, Monica Aasrum, Caroline S. Verbeke and Ivar P. Gladhaug
Epidermal growth factor receptor exon 20 insertion (EGFRex20ins) mutations represent approximately 4–12% of EGFR mutations and are generally refractory to the 1st and 2nd generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibi...
Authors: Wenfeng Fang, Yihua Huang, Shaodong Hong, Zhonghan Zhang, Minghui Wang, Jiadi Gan, Wenjing Wang, Honglin Guo, Kai Wang and Li Zhang
Secondary central nervous system involvement of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) is rare and with poor prognosis, the most common pathological type is diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Although it can occur i...
Cancer patients with advanced disease routinely exhaust available clinical regimens and lack actionable genomic medicine results, leaving a large patient population without effective treatments options when th...
Authors: Noah E. Berlow, Rishi Rikhi, Mathew Geltzeiler, Jinu Abraham, Matthew N. Svalina, Lara E. Davis, Erin Wise, Maria Mancini, Jonathan Noujaim, Atiya Mansoor, Michael J. Quist, Kevin L. Matlock, Martin W. Goros, Brian S. Hernandez, Yee C. Doung, Khin Thway…
Pulmonary sarcomatoid carcinoma (SC) consists of both carcinomatous and sarcomatous tumors with high degree of malignancy, rapid progression, and poor prognosis. However, little is known regarding how pulmonar...
Authors: Jianjun Ge, Bin Yao, Jia Huang, Xue Wu, Hua Bao, Qiuxiang Ou, Yang W. Shao and Jun Chen
This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and prognostic accuracy of incorporating the number of positive lymph nodes (PLN) into the TNM staging system for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.
Authors: Xiaoling Shang, Jia Liu, Zhenxiang Li, Jiamao Lin and Haiyong Wang
Research into Philadelphia-negative chronic myeloproliferative neoplasms is heterogeneous. In addition, no systematization of studies of polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET) or primary myelof...
Authors: Mónica Mejía-Ochoa, Paola Andrea Acevedo Toro and Jaiberth Antonio Cardona-Arias
Alterations in protein glycosylation patterns have potentially been targeted for biomarker discovery in a wide range of diseases including cancer. Although there have been improvements in patient diagnosis and...
Authors: Abrha G. Gebrehiwot, Daniel Seifu Melka, Yimenashu Mamo Kassaye, Tufa Gemechu, Wajana Lako, Hiroshi Hinou and Shin-Ichiro Nishimura
Human microRNAs (miRNAs) have diverse functions in biology, and play a role in nearly every biological process. Here we report that miR-520d-5p (520d-5p) causes undifferentiated cancer cells to adopt benign or...
Authors: Norimasa Miura, Yoshitaka Ishihara, Yugo Miura, Mai Kimoto and Keigo Miura
Prenylated Rab acceptor 1 domain family, member 2 (PRAF2) is involved in the occurrence and progression of several malignant tumors. However, its potential role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is ...
Authors: Zhaoye Qian, Bin Wei, Yu Zhou, Qiuzi Wang, Jiru Wang, Yuan Sun, Yong Gao and Xiaofei Chen
An accurate, reproducible, and comfortable immobilization device is essential for stereotactic radiotherapy (SBRT) in patients with lung cancer. This study compared thermoplastic masks (TMP) and vacuum cushion...
Authors: Guofu Chen, Baiqiang Dong, Guoping Shan, Xiuqin Zhang, Huarong Tang, Yuchen Li, Zhenhua Wang, Wei Xu, Gang Xu, Guiming Yan, Feiyan Zhang, Xiao Hu, Jun Yang, Yujin Xu, Ming Chen and Jin Wang
