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  1. Glioblastoma multiforme is the most malignant form of brain tumor. Despite treatment including surgical resection, adjuvant chemotherapy, and radiation, these tumors typically recur. The recurrent tumor is oft...

    Authors: Nicole C Hank, Joan Rankin Shapiro and Adrienne C Scheck
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:2
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Cisplatin is widely used as an antineoplastic agent since it is effective against a broad spectrum of different tumours. Nevertheless, it has several potential side effects affecting different organ systems an...

    Authors: Guenter Hofmann, Thomas Bauernhofer, Peter Krippl, Doris Lang-Loidolt, Sabine Horn, Walter Goessler, Walter Schippinger, Ferdinand Ploner, Herbert Stoeger and Hellmut Samonigg
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:1
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  5. Minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins are essential for the initiation of DNA replication and have been found to be relevant markers for prognosis in a variety of tumours. The aim of this study was to asse...

    Authors: Ellen C Obermann, Philip Went, Annette Zimpfer, Alexandar Tzankov, Peter J Wild, Robert Stoehr, Stefano A Pileri and Stephan Dirnhofer
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:162
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. The early to intermediate stages of the majority of colorectal tumours are thought to be driven by aberrations in the Wnt (APC, CTNNB1) and Ras (K-ras) pathways. A smaller proportion of cancers shows mismatch rep...

    Authors: Margreet Lüchtenborg, Matty P Weijenberg, Petra A Wark, A Merdan Saritas, Guido MJM Roemen, Goos NP van Muijen, Adriaan P de Bruïne, Piet A van den Brandt and Anton FPM de Goeij
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:160
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Eighty percent of all breast cancers and almost 90% of breast cancer deaths occur among post-menopausal women. We used a nested case control design to examine the association between nonsteroidal anti-inflamma...

    Authors: Elham Rahme, Joumana Ghosn, Kaberi Dasgupta, Raghu Rajan and Marie Hudson
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:159
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Lung cancer is relatively resistant to radiation treatment and radiation pneumonitis is a major obstacle to increasing the radiation dose. We previously showed that Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) induces ...

    Authors: Miao-Fen Chen, Peter C Keng, Paul-Yang Lin, Cheng-Ta Yang, Shuen-Kuei Liao and Wen-Cheng Chen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:158
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Several malignancies have been described in association with inflammatory bowel diseases, the most common being adenocarcinoma. Carcinoid tumor and Crohn disease has also been previously reported, however the ...

    Authors: Ugo Cioffi, Matilde De Simone, Stefano Ferrero, Michele M Ciulla, Alessandro Lemos and Ettore Contessini Avesani
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:157
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  12. The development of non-small cell lung carcinoma proceeds through a series of well-defined pathological steps before the appearance of invasive lung carcinoma. The molecular changes that correspond with pathol...

    Authors: Jay W Tichelaar, Yu Zhang, Jean C leRiche, Paul W Biddinger, Stephen Lam and Marshall W Anderson
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:155
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Neogenin is expressed in cap cells that have been suggested to be mammary stem or precursor cells. Neogenin is known to play an important role in mammary morphogenesis; however its relationship to tumorigenesi...

    Authors: Jeong Eon Lee, Hee Joung Kim, Ji Yeon Bae, Seok Won Kim, Joon-Suk Park, Hyuk Jai Shin, Wonshik Han, Sung-Won Kim, Kyung-Sun Kang and Dong-Young Noh
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:154
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Hypoxia compromises local control in patients with head-and-neck cancer (HNC). In order to determine the value of [18F]-fluoromisonidazole (Fmiso) with regard to tumor hypoxia, a patient study with dynamic Fmiso ...

    Authors: Daniela Thorwarth, Susanne-Martina Eschmann, Jutta Scheiderbauer, Frank Paulsen and Markus Alber
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:152
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. This phase II study evaluated the efficacy and safety of gemcitabine (G) plus paclitaxel (T) as first-line therapy in recurrent or metastatic breast cancer.

    Authors: Djelila Allouache, Sulochana R Gawande, Michele Tubiana-Hulin, Nicole Tubiana-Mathieu, Sophie Piperno-Neumann, Fawzia Mefti, Laurence Bozec and Jean-Yves Genot
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:151
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Squamous cell carcinomos may arise from chronic ulcerating wounds in scars, most commonly postburn scars. Tumour growth usually takes place over months to years. Localization on the scalp is a relatively rare ...

    Authors: Raymund E Horch, G Bjoern Stark and Justus P Beier
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:150
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  18. The family of proprotein convertases has been recently implicated in tumorigenesis and metastasis in animal models. However, these studies have not yet been completely corroborated in human tumors.

    Authors: George N Tzimas, Eric Chevet, Sarah Jenna, Duc Thang Nguyên, Abdel M Khatib, Victoria Marcus, Yi Zhang, Michel Chrétien, Nabil Seidah and Peter Metrakos
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:149
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Steroid action is mediated, in addition to classical intracellular receptors, by recently identified membrane sites, that generate rapid non-genomic effects. We have recently identified a membrane androgen rec...

    Authors: Constantina Dambaki, Christina Kogia, Marilena Kampa, Katherine Darivianaki, Michael Nomikos, Ploutarchos Anezinis, Panayiotis A Theodoropoulos, Elias Castanas and Efstathios N Stathopoulos
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:148
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Median survival of metastatic malignant melanoma is 6.0 to 7.5 months, with a 5-year survival of ~6.0%. Although long-term complete remissions are rare, few reports describe cases after chemotherapy. Fifty-thr...

    Authors: Xavier Durando, Emilie Thivat, Michel D'Incan, Anne Sinsard, Jean-Claude Madelmont and Philippe Chollet
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:147
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  22. Inflammation is commonly associated with lung tumors. Since inflammatory mediators, including members of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) cytokine family, suppress proliferation of normal epithelial cells, we hypothes...

    Authors: Gregory M Loewen, Erin Tracy, Frédéric Blanchard, Dongfeng Tan, Jihnhee Yu, Sameera Raza, Sei-Ichi Matsui and Heinz Baumann
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:145
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Although bone marrow metastases can be found commonly in some malignant tumors, diagnosing a nonhematologic malignancy from marrow is not a usual event.

    Authors: Fahir Ozkalemkas, Rıdvan Ali, Vildan Ozkocaman, Tulay Ozcelik, Ulku Ozan, Hulya Ozturk, Ender Kurt, Turkkan Evrensel, Omer Yerci and Ahmet Tunali
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:144
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. Older paternal age may increase the germ cell mutation rate in the offspring. Maternal age may also mediate in utero exposure to pregnancy hormones in the offspring. To evaluate the association between paternal a...

    Authors: Ji-Yeob Choi, Kyoung-Mu Lee, Sue Kyung Park, Dong-Young Noh, Sei-Hyun Ahn, Keun-Young Yoo and Daehee Kang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:143
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Fibrolamellar Carcinoma (FLC), a subtype of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is a rare primary hepatic malignancy. Several aspects of the clinic features and epidemiology of FLC remain unclear because most of t...

    Authors: Laura E Moreno-Luna, Oscar Arrieta, Jorge García-Leiva, Braulio Martínez, Aldo Torre, Misael Uribe and Eucario León-Rodríguez
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:142
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Cigarette smoking is the primary cause of bronchogenic carcinoma (BC), yet only 10–15% of heavy smokers develop BC and it is likely that this variation in risk is, in part, genetically determined. We previousl...

    Authors: D'Anna N Mullins, Erin L Crawford, Sadik A Khuder, Dawn-Alita Hernandez, Youngsook Yoon and James C Willey
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:141
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. The retinoic acid receptor beta 2 (RARβ2) gene modulates proliferation and survival of cultured human breast cancer cells. Previously we showed that ectopic expression of RARβ2 in a mouse xenograft model preve...

    Authors: Brett Wallden, Mary Emond, Mari E Swift, Mary L Disis and Karen Swisshelm
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:140
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. The involvement of Heat Shock Proteins (HSP) in cancer development and progression is a widely debated topic. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the presence and expression of HSP60 and HSP10 i...

    Authors: Francesco Cappello, Sabrina David, Francesca Rappa, Fabio Bucchieri, Lorenzo Marasà, Tommaso E Bartolotta, Felicia Farina and Giovanni Zummo
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:139
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. The burden of cancer metastases within an individual is commonly used to clinically characterize a tumor's biological behavior. Assessments like these implicitly assume that spurious effects can be discounted....

    Authors: Wayne S Kendal
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:138
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) had been perceived to have a poor prognosis. Oncologists were not enthusiastic in the past to give aggressive treatment. Single institution studies tend to have small patient n...

    Authors: Patricia Tai, Edward Yu, Ross Shiels, Juan Pacella, Kurian Jones, Evgeny Sadikov and Shazia Mahmood
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:137
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. UV-induced damage can induce apoptosis or trigger DNA repair mechanisms. Minor DNA damage is thought to halt the cell cycle to allow effective repair, while more severe damage can induce an apoptotic program. ...

    Authors: Hsin-Lung Lo, Satoshi Nakajima, Lisa Ma, Barbara Walter, Akira Yasui, Douglas W Ethell and Laurie B Owen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:135
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Ovarian carcinomas from 30 BRCA1 germ-line carriers of two distinct high penetrant founder mutations, 20 carrying the 1675delA and 10 the 1135insA, and 100 sporadic cases were characterized for somatic mutations ...

    Authors: Pedro Kringen, Yun Wang, Vanessa Dumeaux, Jahn M Nesland, Gunnar Kristensen, Anne-Lise Borresen-Dale and Anne Dorum
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:134
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. Transthyretin (TTR), a traditional biomarker for nutritional and inflammatory status exists in different molecular variants of yet unknown importance. A truncated form of TTR has recently been described to be ...

    Authors: Beate Gericke, Jens Raila, Jalid Sehouli, Sophie Haebel, Dominique Könsgen, Alexander Mustea and Florian J Schweigert
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:133
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. To prospectively evaluate the efficacy and safety of selective internal radiation (SIR) spheres in patients with inoperable liver metastases from colorectal cancer who have failed 5FU based chemotherapy.

    Authors: L Lim, P Gibbs, D Yip, JD Shapiro, R Dowling, D Smith, A Little, W Bailey and M Liechtenstein
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:132
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Pancreatic cancer is the fourth commonest cause of death from cancer in men and women. Advantages in surgical techniques, radiation therapy techniques, chemotherapeutic regimes, and different combined-modality...

    Authors: R Krempien, MW Muenter, PE Huber, S Nill, H Friess, C Timke, B Didinger, P Buechler, S Heeger, KK Herfarth, A Abdollahi, MW Buchler and J Debus
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:131
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  39. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent mitogen for endothelial cells, and its expression has been correlated with increased tumour angiogenesis. Although numerous publications dealing with the m...

    Authors: Ratchada Cressey, Onusa Wattananupong, Nirush Lertprasertsuke and Usanee Vinitketkumnuen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:128
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis is expressed in several human cancers. Its expression is known to be associated with poor clinical outcome, but not widely studied in pancreatic cancer. We performed this st...

    Authors: Myung Ah Lee, Gyeong-sin Park, Hee-Jung Lee, Ji-Han Jung, Jin-Hyoung Kang, Young Seon Hong, Kyung Shik Lee, Dong-gu Kim and Seung-Nam Kim
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:127
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. The numbers of oncogenic mutations required for transformation are uncertain but may be inferred from how cancer frequencies increase with aging. Cancers requiring more mutations will tend to appear later in l...

    Authors: Peter Calabrese, Jukka-Pekka Mecklin, Heikki J Järvinen, Lauri A Aaltonen, Simon Tavaré and Darryl Shibata
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:126
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. The transcription factor activator protein-1 (AP-1) has been implicated in a large variety of biological processes including oncogenic transformation. The tyrosine kinases of the epidermal growth factor recept...

    Authors: Michael O'Grady, Debasish Raha, Bonnie J Hanson, Michaeline Bunting and George T Hanson
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:125
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Osteosarcoma is the most common type of primary bone tumor. The use of aggressive chemotherapy has drastically improved the prognosis of the patients with non-metastatic osteosarcomas, however the prognosis of...

    Authors: S Théoleyre, K Mori, B Cherrier, N Passuti, F Gouin, F Rédini and D Heymann
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:123
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. Presently available flow cytometric methods of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdUrd) labelling do not provide information on the cell cycle time (TC) and the growth fraction (GF). In this paper, we describe a novel and simp...

    Authors: Rimantas Eidukevicius, Dainius Characiejus, Ramunas Janavicius, Nijole Kazlauskaite, Vita Pasukoniene, Mykolas Mauricas and Willem Den Otter
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:122
    Content type: Technical advance Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Cancer 2006 6:184

  46. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that mast cells that are present in fibrotic regions of cancer can suppress the growth of tumor cells through an indirect mechanism involving peri-tumoral f...

    Authors: Michael Samoszuk, Emi Kanakubo and John K Chan
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:121
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. PKH67 labelling was compared for classical proliferation assessment (using S phase evaluation) to analyse the cell proliferation of 29 AML patients treated or not with various drugs. Among these drugs, the eff...

    Authors: Jean Boutonnat, Anne-Marie Faussat, Jean-Pierre Marie, Jérôme Bignon, Johanna Wdzieczak-Bakala, Magali Barbier, Josiane Thierry, Xavier Ronot and Pierre-Emmanuel Colle
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:120
    Content type: Technical advance Published on:

  48. The EphB4 receptor tyrosine kinase has been reported as increased in tumours originating from several different tissues and its expression in a prostate cancer xenograft model has been reported.

    Authors: Yen-Ching Lee, Janeanne R Perren, Evelyn L Douglas, Michael P Raynor, Maria A Bartley, Peter G Bardy and Sally-Anne Stephenson
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:119
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. Most cervical cancer patients with pelvic recurrent or persistent disease are not candidates for exenteration, therefore, they only receive palliative chemotherapy. Here we report the results of a novel treatm...

    Authors: Carlos Lopez-Graniel, Rigoberto Dolores, Lucely Cetina, Aaron Gonzalez, David Cantu, Jose Chanona, Jesus Uribe, Myrna Candelaria, Rocio Brom, Jaime de la Garza and Alfonso Duenas-Gonzalez
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:118
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. The oral cavity is a rare but occasional target for metastases, which may masquerade as various benign and inflammatory lesions, and sometimes also be asymptomatic. Oral metastatic lesions have been described ...

    Authors: Piergiuseppe Colombo, Luca Tondulli, Giovanna Masci, Andrea Muzza, Lorenza Rimassa, Duccio Petrella and Armando Santoro
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2005 5:117
    Content type: Case report Published on:

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