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  1. Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), a devastating neoplasm, is highly resistant to current chemotherapies. CCA cells frequently overexpress the antiapoptotic protein myeloid cell leukemia-1(Mcl-1), which is responsible ...

    Authors: Xiwei Ding, Bin Zhang, Qingshan Pei, Jianmei Pan, Shuling Huang, Yan Yang, Zhu Zhu, Ying Lv and Xiaoping Zou
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:271
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Cetuximab is a chimeric monoclonal antibody against the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). Skin reactions are the most common side effects of cetuximab. Rhagades of the tips of the fingers and toes, the ...

    Authors: Karin Potthoff, Gregor Habl, Thomas Bruckner, Christian Suppan, Jessica Hassel, Dirk Jäger, Martin Indorf and Juergen Debus
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:270
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  3. The receptor for urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPAR) is associated with cancer development and progression. Within the tumor microenvironment uPAR is expressed by malignant cells as well as tumor-assoc...

    Authors: Martin C Boonstra, Floris PR Verbeek, Andrew P Mazar, Hendrica AJM Prevoo, Peter JK Kuppen, Cornelis JH van de Velde, Alexander L Vahrmeijer and Cornelis FM Sier
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:269
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare cutaneous neoplasm with increasing incidence, aggressive behavior and poor prognosis. Somatostatin receptors (SSTR) are expressed in MCC and represent a potential target f...

    Authors: Kristina Buder, Constantin Lapa, Michael C Kreissl, Andreas Schirbel, Ken Herrmann, Alexander Schnack, Eva-Bettina Bröcker, Matthias Goebeler, Andreas K Buck and Jürgen C Becker
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:268
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Despite the improvement in the care management, women cancer patients who are still in employment find themselves for the most part obliged to stop working while they are having treatment. Their return-to-work...

    Authors: Clémence Vidor, Ariane Leroyer, Véronique Christophe, Mélanie Seillier, Jérome Foncel, Justine Van de Maële, Jacques Bonneterre and Sophie Fantoni
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:267
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  6. Data from in vivo and in vitro studies suggest that activation of Akt regulates cell survival signaling and plays a key role in tumorigenesis. Hence, transgenic mice were created to explore the oncogenic role of ...

    Authors: Yanyuan Wu, Juri Kim, Yayha Elshimali, Marianna Sarkissyan and Jaydutt V Vadgama
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:266
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. In this study the feasibility of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and tomotherapy-based image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) for locally advanced esophageal cancer was assessed.

    Authors: Nam P Nguyen, Siyoung Jang, Jacqueline Vock, Vincent Vinh-Hung, Alexander Chi, Paul Vos, Judith Pugh, Richard A Vo, Misty Ceizyk, Anand Desai and Lexie Smith-Raymond
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:265
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Loss of lean body mass (LBM) is a common occurrence after treatment for breast cancer and is related to deleterious metabolic health outcomes [Clin Oncol, 22(4):281–288, 2010; Appl Physiol Nutr Metab, 34(5):950–9...

    Authors: Cameron McDonald, Judy Bauer, Sandra Capra and Joseph Coll
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:264
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  9. Evaluation of the effectiveness of a patient decision aid (nurse-managed telephone support line and/or colorectal cancer screening website), distributed to patients by their family physician, in improving feca...

    Authors: Kathleen Clouston, Alan Katz, Patricia J Martens, Jeff Sisler, Donna Turner, Michelle Lobchuk, Susan McClement and Gary Crow
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:263
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Extraneural metastases (ENM) rarely occur in medulloblastoma (MBL) patients and only few cases of subcutaneous localizations have been described. ENM indicate an aggressive disease associated with a worse prog...

    Authors: Angela Mastronuzzi, Evelina Miele, Agnese Po, Manila Antonelli, Francesca Romana Buttarelli, Giovanna Stefania Colafati, Francesca del Bufalo, Roberta Faedda, Gian Paolo Spinelli, Andrea Carai, Felice Giangaspero, Alberto Gulino, Franco Locatelli and Elisabetta Ferretti
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:262
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  11. With 14.234 diagnoses and over 4047 deaths reported in 2007, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second most common cancer and second most common cause of cancer-related mortality in Australia. The direct treatment...

    Authors: Driss A Ouakrim, Alex Boussioutas, Trevor Lockett, John L Hopper and Mark A Jenkins
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:261
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Cathepsin X is a cysteine protease involved in mechanisms of malignant progression. It is secreted from tumour cells as a proenzyme and may serve to predict the disease status and risk of death for cancer pati...

    Authors: Tjaša Vižin, Ib Jarle Christensen, Michael Wilhelmsen, Hans Jørgen Nielsen and Janko Kos
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:259
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. STAT1 has been attributed a function as tumor suppressor. However, in breast cancer data from microarray analysis indicated a predictive value of high mRNA expression levels of STAT1 and STAT1 target genes bel...

    Authors: Piotr Tymoszuk, Pornpimol Charoentong, Hubert Hackl, Rita Spilka, Elisabeth Müller-Holzner, Zlatko Trajanoski, Peter Obrist, Françoise Revillion, Jean-Philippe Peyrat, Heidi Fiegl and Wolfgang Doppler
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:257
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. Tissue-transglutaminase (TG2), a dual function G-protein, plays key roles in cell differentiation and migration. In our previous studies we reported the mechanism of TG2-induced cell differentiation. In presen...

    Authors: Ambrish Kumar, Jianjun Hu, Holly A LaVoie, Kenneth B Walsh, Donald J DiPette and Ugra S Singh
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:256
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Cancer 2016 16:609

  17. A large proportion of breast cancer cases are thought related to environmental factors. Identification of specific geographical areas with high risk (clusters) may give clues to potential environmental risk fa...

    Authors: Rikke Baastrup Nordsborg, Jaymie R Meliker, Annette Kjær Ersbøll, Geoffrey M Jacquez, Aslak Harbo Poulsen and Ole Raaschou-Nielsen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:255
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Although oral cavity, pharyngeal, oesophageal and gastric cancers share some risk factors, no comparative analysis of mortality rate trends in these illnesses has been undertaken in Spain. This study aimed to ...

    Authors: Daniel Seoane-Mato, Nuria Aragonés, Eva Ferreras, Javier García-Pérez, Marta Cervantes-Amat, Pablo Fernández-Navarro, Roberto Pastor-Barriuso and Gonzalo López-Abente
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:254
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women world-wide. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a highly aggressive subtype that lacks expression of hormone receptors for estrogen, progesterone and hu...

    Authors: Kelly A Avery-Kiejda, Stephen G Braye, John F Forbes and Rodney J Scott
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:253
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. The presence of hypoxia in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is associated with therapeutic resistance and increased risk of metastasis formation. αB-crystallin (HspB5) is a small heat shock protei...

    Authors: Chantal van de Schootbrugge, Elisabeth MJ Schults, Johan Bussink, Paul N Span, Reidar Grénman, Ger JM Pruijn, Johannes HAM Kaanders and Wilbert C Boelens
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:252
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is a malignant disease that demonstrates resistance to standard chemotherapeutic agents. Yet Active immunization using genetically modified dendritic cells holds promise for the adju...

    Authors: Danhong Wang, Bin Zhang, Haiyan Gao, Guoliang Ding, Qiong Wu, Jinchao Zhang, Li Liao and Hu Chen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:251
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Notch, IL-1 and leptin are known pro-angiogenic factors linked to breast cancer development, tumor aggressiveness and poor prognosis. A complex crosstalk between these molecules (NILCO) has been reported in br...

    Authors: Laronna S Colbert, Kaamilah Wilson, Sungjin Kim, Yuan Liu, Gabriela Oprea-Ilies, Corey Gillespie, Toi Dickson, Gale Newman and Ruben Rene Gonzalez-Perez
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:249
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has been associated with diabetes and obesity, but a possible connection with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its potential interaction with hepatitis and cirrhosis are open to...

    Authors: De-cai Yu, Jia Liu, Jun Chen, Jiao-jiao Shao, Xiao Shen, Hong-guang Xia, Chao-jun Li, Bin Xue and Yi-tao Ding
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:248
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. The antitumor drug nilotinib has a large inter- and intra individual variability in pharmacokinetics. Adherence to treatment may substantially influence plasma levels and has been recognized as the most import...

    Authors: Christel CLM Boons, Eleonora L Swart, Lonneke Timmers, Peter M van de Ven, Jeroen JWM Janssen and Jacqueline G Hugtenburg
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:247
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  26. Advanced squamous cervical cancer, one of the most commonly diagnosed cancers in women, still remains a major problem in oncology due to treatment failure and distant metastasis. Antitumor therapy failure is d...

    Authors: Ovidiu Balacescu, Loredana Balacescu, Oana Tudoran, Nicolae Todor, Meda Rus, Rares Buiga, Sergiu Susman, Bogdan Fetica, Laura Pop, Laura Maja, Simona Visan, Claudia Ordeanu, Ioana Berindan-Neagoe and Viorica Nagy
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:246
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. Hypermethylation of DNA is an epigenetic alteration commonly found in colorectal cancer (CRC) and can also be detected in blood samples of cancer patients. Methylation of the genes helicase-like transcription ...

    Authors: Alexander B Philipp, Dorothea Nagel, Petra Stieber, Rolf Lamerz, Isabel Thalhammer, Andreas Herbst and Frank T Kolligs
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:245
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Prognostic multibiomarker signatures in prostate cancer (PCa) may improve patient management and provide a bridge for developing novel therapeutics and imaging methods. Our objective was to evaluate the associ...

    Authors: Anthony E Rizzardi, Nikolaus K Rosener, Joseph S Koopmeiners, Rachel Isaksson Vogel, Gregory J Metzger, Colleen L Forster, Lauren O Marston, Jessica R Tiffany, James B McCarthy, Eva A Turley, Christopher A Warlick, Jonathan C Henriksen and Stephen C Schmechel
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:244
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a highly invasive and metastatic cancer. N,N’-dinitrosopiperazine (DNP), a carcinogen with specificity for nasopharyngeal epithelium, facilitates NPC metastasis. However, the und...

    Authors: Damao Huang, Yuejin Li, Na Liu, Zhenlin Zhang, Zhengke Peng, Chaojun Duan, Xiaowei Tang, Gongjun Tan, Guangrong Yan and Faqing Tang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:243
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. Although breast cancer frequently metastasizes to the bones and brain, rarely breast cancer patients may develop isolated liver metastasis. There is increasing data that anti-HER2 targeted therapy in conjuncti...

    Authors: Hans F Schoellhammer, Felicia Hsu, Courtney Vito, Peiguo Chu, Jinha Park, James Waisman and Joseph Kim
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:242
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  31. Pre-operative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is the standard treatment in clinical stage T3/4 or node positive rectal cancer. However, there are no established biomarkers that can predict the pathological response an...

    Authors: Sung Hoon Sim, Mi-Hyun Kang, Yu Jung Kim, Keun-Wook Lee, Duck-Woo Kim, Sung-Bum Kang, Keun-Yong Eom, Jae-Sung Kim, Hye Seung Lee and Jee Hyun Kim
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:241
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Deregulation of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) contributes to the initiation and progression of intestinal-derived epithelial cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the roles of the proximal sig...

    Authors: Véronique Pomerleau, Mélissa Landry, Jimmy Bernier, Pierre H Vachon and Caroline Saucier
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:240
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. Physical therapy treatment of patients with lymphedema includes treatment based on the principles of ‘Complete Decongestive Therapy’ (CDT). CDT consists of the following components; skin care, manual lymphatic...

    Authors: Mette Tambour, Berit Tange, Robin Christensen and Bibi Gram
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:239
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  35. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is increasingly present in breast cancer survivors, possibly worsened by cancer-related treatments, such as chemotherapy. MetS greatly increases risk of cardiovascular disease and dia...

    Authors: Christina M Dieli-Conwright, Joanne E Mortimer, E Todd Schroeder, Kerry Courneya, Wendy Demark-Wahnefried, Thomas A Buchanan, Debu Tripathy and Leslie Bernstein
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:238
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  36. Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that can be classified into one of 4 main molecular sub-types: luminal A, luminal B, Her2 over-expressing and basal-like (BL). These tumour sub-types require different ...

    Authors: Annika N Alexopoulou, Colan M Ho-Yen, Vassilis Papalazarou, George Elia, J Louise Jones and Kairbaan Hodivala-Dilke
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:237
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Identification of factors associated with work disability in cancer survivors on long term sick leave may support these survivors in choosing effective measures to facilitate vocational rehabilitation and retu...

    Authors: Peter van Muijen, Saskia FA Duijts, Karin Bonefaas-Groenewoud, Allard J van der Beek and Johannes R Anema
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:236
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. MUC16 (CA125) is a large transmembrane mucin protein (> 200 kDa) aberrantly expressed in approximately 80% of human epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC). MUC16 expression in EOC cells is associated with increased ...

    Authors: Isabelle Matte, Denis Lane, Marianne Boivin, Claudine Rancourt and Alain Piché
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:234
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Physician recommendations for cancer screening and prevention are associated with patient compliance. However, time constraints may limit physicians’ ability to provide all recommended preventive services, esp...

    Authors: Deanna Kepka, Alexandria Smith, Christopher Zeruto and K Robin Yabroff
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:233
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. Colorectal cancer is an important public health problem in Spain. Over the last decade, several regions have carried out screening programmes, but population participation rates remain below recommended Europe...

    Authors: Carolina Guiriguet-Capdevila, Laura Muñoz-Ortiz, Irene Rivero-Franco, Carme Vela-Vallespín, Mercedes Vilarrubí-Estrella, Miquel Torres-Salinas, Jaume Grau-Cano, Andrea Burón-Pust, Cristina Hernández-Rodríguez, Antonio Fuentes-Peláez, Dolores Reina-Rodríguez, Rosa De León-Gallo, Leonardo Mendez-Boo and Pere Torán-Monserrat
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:232
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  42. Concomitant platinum-based chemotherapy and radiotherapy (CT-RT) is the recommended treatment for unresectable locally advanced stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We conducted a phase II study to ev...

    Authors: Delphine Lerouge, Alain Rivière, Eric Dansin, Christos Chouaid, Cécile Dujon, Roland Schott, Armelle Lavole, Vincent Le Pennec, Elizabeth Fabre, Jacky Crequit, Francis Martin, Stéphanie Dehette, Pierre Fournel, Bénédicte Precheur-Agulhon, Eric Lartigau and Gérard Zalcman
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:231
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Approximately 30% of breast tumors do not express the estrogen receptor (ER) α, which is necessary for endocrine therapy approaches. Studies are ongoing in order to restore ERα expression in ERα-negative breas...

    Authors: Nancy Santos-Martínez, Lorenza Díaz, David Ordaz-Rosado, Janice García-Quiroz, David Barrera, Euclides Avila, Ali Halhali, Heriberto Medina-Franco, María J Ibarra-Sánchez, José Esparza-López, Javier Camacho, Fernando Larrea and Rocío García-Becerra
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:230
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. The aim of this study was to examine breast density in relation to breast cancer specific survival and to assess if this potential association was modified by mode of detection. An additional aim was to study ...

    Authors: Ã…sa Olsson, Hanna Sartor, Signe Borgquist, Sophia Zackrisson and Jonas Manjer
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:229
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Less than 1% of all breast cancer cases are found in men, who reportedly have inferior outcomes compared with matched women patients. Ethnic differences may also affect their prognosis. Here, we investigated o...

    Authors: Amr A Soliman, Adel T Denewer, Wael El-Sadda, Ali H Abdel-Aty and Basel Refky
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:227
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. AZD3514 inhibits and down regulates the androgen receptor (AR) and has undergone clinical trials in prostate cancer. To provide proof-of-mechanism (POM) in patients, an immunohistochemistry (IHC) method for de...

    Authors: Jeffrey Cummings, Robert Sloane, Karen Morris, Cong Zhou, Matt Lancashire, David Moore, Tony Elliot, Noel Clarke and Caroline Dive
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:226
    Content type: Technical advance Published on:

  48. IL-17A is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is normally associated with autoimmune arthritis and other pro-inflammatory conditions. Recently, IL-17A has emerged as a critical factor in enhancing breast cancer (...

    Authors: Lopamudra Das Roy, Mahnaz Sahraei, Jorge L Schettini, Helen E Gruber, Dahlia M Besmer and Pinku Mukherjee
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:225
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. Primary small cell carcinoma of the esophagus (SCCE) is a highly aggressive disease characterized by early dissemination and poor prognosis. Because of the rarity of this disease, few previous studies have inv...

    Authors: Wei-Wei Chen, Feng Wang, Dong-Sheng Zhang, Hui-Yan Luo, Zhi-Qiang Wang, Feng-Hua Wang, Miao-Zhen Qiu, Chao Ren, Xiao-Li Wei, Wen-Jing Wu, Yu-Hong Li and Rui-Hua Xu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2014 14:222
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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