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  1. Although impacts upon gastric cancer incidence of race, age, sex, and Lauren type have been individually explored, neither their importance when evaluated together nor the presence or absence of interactions a...

    Authors: Mitchell S Wachtel, Yan Zhang, Maurizio Chiriva-Internati and Eldo E Frezza
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:65
  2. Combining trastuzumab and chemotherapy is standard in her2/neu overexpressing advanced breast cancer. It is not established however, whether trastuzumab treatment should continue after the failure of one earlier ...

    Authors: Rupert Bartsch, Catharina Wenzel, Dagmar Hussian, Ursula Pluschnig, Ursula Sevelda, Wolfgang Koestler, Gabriela Altorjai, Gottfried J Locker, Robert Mader, Christoph C Zielinski and Guenther G Steger
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:63
  3. Chemotherapy for pancreatic carcinoma often has severe side effects that limit its efficacy. The glucocorticoid (GC) dexamethasone (DEX) is frequently used as co-treatment to prevent side effects of chemothera...

    Authors: Chengwen Zhang, Armin Kolb, Peter Büchler, Andrew CB Cato, Jürgen Mattern, Werner Rittgen, Lutz Edler, Klaus-Michael Debatin, Markus W Büchler, Helmut Friess and Ingrid Herr
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:61
  4. In human breast cancers, amplification of chromosome 11q13 correlates with lymph node metastasis and increased mortality. To date, two genes located within this amplicon, CCND1 and EMS1, were considered to act as...

    Authors: Agnes GSH van Rossum, Maaike PA van Bragt, Ellen Schuuring-Scholtes, Jan CM van der Ploeg, Johan HJM van Krieken, Philip M Kluin and Ed Schuuring
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:58
  5. Gastric carcinoma is one of the most frequent cancers worldwide. Patients with gastric cancer at an advanced disease stage have a poor prognosis, due to the limited efficacy of available therapies. Therefore, ...

    Authors: Jessica Nöckel, Natasja K van den Engel, Hauke Winter, Rudolf A Hatz, Wolfgang Zimmermann and Robert Kammerer
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:57
  6. Patients with metastatic tumors to the brain have a very poor prognosis. Increased metastatic potential has been associated with the fibrinolytic system. We investigated the role of the fibrinolytic enzyme pla...

    Authors: George Perides, Yuzheng Zhuge, Tina Lin, Monique F Stins, Roderick T Bronson and Julian K Wu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:56
  7. The aim of this study was to evaluate epigenetic status of cyclin A1 in human papillomavirus-associated cervical cancer. Y. Tokumaru et al., Cancer Res 64, 5982-7 (Sep 1, 2004)demonstrated in head and neck squamo...

    Authors: Nakarin Kitkumthorn, Pattamawadee Yanatatsanajit, Sorapop Kiatpongsan, Chureerat Phokaew, Surang Triratanachat, Prasert Trivijitsilp, Wichai Termrungruanglert, Damrong Tresukosol, Somchai Niruthisard and Apiwat Mutirangura
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:55
  8. We previously analyzed human embryonic kidney (HEK) cell lines for the effects that simian virus 40 (SV40) small tumor antigen (ST) has on gene expression using Affymetrix U133 GeneChips. To cross-validate and...

    Authors: Mohamed Ali-Seyed, Noelani Laycock, Suresh Karanam, Wenming Xiao, Eric T Blair and Carlos S Moreno
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:54
  9. Although PPARγ antagonists have shown considerable pre-clinical efficacy, recent studies suggest PPARγ ligands induce PPARγ-independent effects. There is a need to better define such effects to permit rational...

    Authors: Christine L Chaffer, David M Thomas, Erik W Thompson and Elizabeth D Williams
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:53
  10. Experimental and clinical evidence suggest that hypoxia in solid tumours reduces their sensitivity to conventional treatment modalities modulating response to ionizing radiation or chemotherapeutic agents. The...

    Authors: Bernd Gagel, Patrick Reinartz, Cengiz Demirel, Hans J Kaiser, Michael Zimny, Marc Piroth, Michael Pinkawa, Sven Stanzel, Branka Asadpour, Kurt Hamacher, Heinz H Coenen, Ulrich Buell and Michael J Eble
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:51
  11. Although the effectiveness of radiotherapy with concurrent administration of several anti-tumor drugs for postoperative recurrent esophageal cancer has been demonstrated, the results are not satisfactory. The ...

    Authors: Keiichi Jingu, Kenji Nemoto, Haruo Matsushita, Chiaki Takahashi, Yoshihiro Ogawa, Toshiyuki Sugawara, Eiko Nakata, Yoshihiro Takai and Shogo Yamada
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:50
  12. RT-PCR has been widely used for the analysis of gene expression in many systems, including tumor samples. GAPDH (Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase) has been frequently considered as a constitutive house...

    Authors: Maria Teresa Valenti, Francesco Bertoldo, Luca Dalle Carbonare, Giuseppe Azzarello, Sonia Zenari, Mirko Zanatta, Elena Balducci, Orazio Vinante and Vincenzo Lo Cascio
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:49
  13. The E-cadherin gene (CDH1) maps, at chromosome 16q22.1, a region often associated with loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in human breast cancer. LOH at this site is thought to lead to loss of function of this tumor su...

    Authors: José Roberto F Caldeira, Érika C Prando, Francisco C Quevedo, Francisco A Moraes Neto, Cláudia A Rainho and Silvia R Rogatto
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:48
  14. Colorectal cancer remains a major cause of cancer mortality in the Western world. A limited number of studies has been conducted in respect of Her-3 and Her-4 expression and their correlation with clinical par...

    Authors: Panteleimon Kountourakis, Kitty Pavlakis, Amanda Psyrri, Dimitra Rontogianni, Nikolaos Xiros, Efstratios Patsouris, Dimitrios Pectasides and Theofanis Economopoulos
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:46
  15. It has been shown that IAPs, in particular XIAP, survivin and c-IAP1, are overexpressed in several malignancies. In the present study we investigate the expression of c-IAP1, c-IAP2, XIAP and survivin and its ...

    Authors: Magali Espinosa, David Cantú, Norma Herrera, Carlos M Lopez, Jaime G De la Garza, Vilma Maldonado and Jorge Melendez-Zajgla
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:45
  16. High-dose interferon alfa-2b (IFNalfa-2b), according to the ECOG 1684 schedule, is the only approved adjuvant treatment for stage III melanoma patients by the FDA and EMEA. However, the risk/benefit profile ha...

    Authors: Vanna Chiarion-Sileni, Paola Del Bianco, Antonella Romanini, Michele Guida, Adriano Paccagnella, Maurizio Dalla Palma, Emanuele Naglieri, Ruggero Ridolfi, Barbara Silvestri, Maria Michiara and Gian Luca De Salvo
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:44
  17. Breast cancer appears to be a disease of both the developing and developed worlds. Among Turkish women, breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths. The aims of this cross-sectional stud...

    Authors: Pınar Erbay Dündar, Dilek Özmen, Beyhan Öztürk, Gökçe Haspolat, Filiz Akyıldız, Sümeyra Çoban and Gamze Çakıroğlu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:43
  18. The combination of capecitabine and gemcitabine at Fixed Dose Rate (FDR) has been demonstrated to be well tolerated, with apparent efficacy in patients with advanced cancers. FDR gemcitabine infusion leads to ...

    Authors: Daniele Santini, Bruno Vincenzi, Gaia Schiavon, Annalisa La Cesa, Simona Gasparro, Angelo Vincenzi and Giuseppe Tonini
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:42
  19. CEA is a tumor-associated antigen abundantly expressed on several cancer types, including those naturally refractory to chemotherapy. The selection and characterization of human anti-CEA single-chain antibody ...

    Authors: Emiliano Pavoni, Michela Flego, Maria Luisa Dupuis, Stefano Barca, Fiorella Petronzelli, Anna Maria Anastasi, Valeria D'Alessio, Angela Pelliccia, Paola Vaccaro, Giorgia Monteriù, Alessandro Ascione, Rita De Santis, Franco Felici, Maurizio Cianfriglia and Olga Minenkova
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:41
  20. Accumulating databases in human genome research have enabled integrated genome-wide study on complicated diseases such as cancers. A practical approach is to mine a global transcriptome profile of disease from...

    Authors: Bingjian Lü, Jing Xu, Maode Lai, Hao Zhang and Jian Chen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:40
  21. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use is common among cancer patients. This paper reviews the use of CAM in a series of patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC).

    Authors: Lucy K Helyer, Stephen Chin, Betty K Chui, Barbara Fitzgerald, Sunil Verma, Eileen Rakovitch, George Dranitsaris and Mark Clemons
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:39
  22. Leptin (LEP) has been consistently associated with angiogenesis and tumor growth. Leptin exerts its physiological action through its specific receptor (LEPR). We have investigated whether genetic variations in LE...

    Authors: Kaouther Snoussi, A Donny Strosberg, Noureddine Bouaouina, Slim Ben Ahmed, A Noureddine Helal and Lotfi Chouchane
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:38
  23. The hereditary hemochromatosis gene HFE plays a pivotal role in iron homeostasis. The association between cancer and HFE hetero- or homozygosity has previously been shown including hepatocellular and nonhepatocel...

    Authors: Aysen Gunel-Ozcan, Sibel Alyılmaz-Bekmez, Emine Nilufer Guler and Dicle Guc
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:37
  24. Carcinogenesis typically involves multiple somatic mutations in caretaker (DNA repair) and gatekeeper (tumor suppressors and oncogenes) genes. Analysis of mutation spectra of the tumor suppressor that is most ...

    Authors: Vladimir N Babenko, Malay K Basu, Fyodor A Kondrashov, Igor B Rogozin and Eugene V Koonin
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:36
  25. Breast cancer survivors often encounter physiological and psychological problems related to their diagnosis and treatment that can influence long-term prognosis. The aim of this research is to investigate the ...

    Authors: John M Saxton, Amanda Daley, Nicola Woodroofe, Robert Coleman, Hilary Powers, Nanette Mutrie, Vanessa Siddall and Helen Crank
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:35
  26. The optimal cancer treatment for an older population is largely unknown because of the low numbers of elderly patients accrued into clinical trials. This project focuses on the attitudes of the elderly about p...

    Authors: Carol A Townsley, Kelvin K Chan, Gregory R Pond, Christine Marquez, Lillian L Siu and Sharon E Straus
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:34
  27. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most malignant tumors and typically presents at an advanced and rapidly fatal stage. To better understand the role of genetics in the etiology and preven...

    Authors: Nan Hu, Luxia Qian, Ying Hu, Jian-Zhong Shou, Chaoyu Wang, Carol Giffen, Quan-Hong Wang, Yuan Wang, Alisa M Goldstein, Michael Emmert-Buck and Philip R Taylor
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:33
  28. Nestin is a protein belonging to class VI of intermediate filaments that is produced in stem/progenitor cells in the mammalian CNS during development and is consecutively replaced by other intermediate filamen...

    Authors: Renata Veselska, Petr Kuglik, Pavel Cejpek, Hana Svachova, Jakub Neradil, Tomas Loja and Jirina Relichova
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:32
  29. It is important to discriminate between primary and secondary lung cancer. However, often, the discriminating diagnosis of primary lung acinar adenocarcinoma and lung metastasis of colorectal cancer based on m...

    Authors: Satoshi Ikeda, Masahiko Fujimori, Satoshi Shibata, Masazumi Okajima, Yasuyo Ishizaki, Takeshi Kurihara, Yoshihiro Miyata, Masahiko Iseki, Yosuke Shimizu, Noriaki Tokumoto, Shinji Ozaki and Toshimasa Asahara
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:31
  30. The application of induction chemotherapy failed to provide a consistent benefit for local control in primary treatment of advanced head and neck (H&N) cancers. The aim of this study was to compare the results...

    Authors: Reinhold Graf, Bert Hildebrandt, Wolfgang Tilly, Hanno Riess, Roland Felix, Volker Budach and Peter Wust
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:30
  31. The prognosis of patients suffering from WHO grade 3 and 4 astrocytic glioma remains poor despite surgery, radiation therapy and the use of current chemotherapy regimen. Indeed, the median survival of glioblas...

    Authors: Pierre A Robe, Didier Martin, Adelin Albert, Manuel Deprez, Alain Chariot and Vincent Bours
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:29
  32. Former meta-analyses have shown a survival benefit for the addition of chemotherapy (CHX) to radiotherapy (RT) and to some extent also for the use of hyperfractionated radiation therapy (HFRT) and accelerated ...

    Authors: W Budach, T Hehr, V Budach, C Belka and K Dietz
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:28
  33. Hypoxia-inducible transcription factor-1α (HIF-1α), which plays an important role in controlling the hypoxia-induced glycolysis pathway, is a "master" gene in the tissue hypoxia response during tumor developme...

    Authors: FengMing Luo, XiaoJing Liu, NaiHong Yan, ShuangQing Li, GuiQun Cao, QingYing Cheng, QingJie Xia and HongJing Wang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:26
  34. Although transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) typically inhibits proliferation of epithelial cells, consistent with a tumor suppressor activity, it paradoxically also exhibits pro-metastatic activity in the la...

    Authors: Christina H Stuelten, Miriam B Buck, Juergen Dippon, Anita B Roberts, Peter Fritz and Cornelius Knabbe
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:25
  35. Cervical cancer is due to infection with specific high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV). Although the incidence of genital HPV infection in various population groups is high, most of these regress with...

    Authors: Vandana A Govan, Debbie Constant, Margaret Hoffman and Anna-Lise Williamson
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:24
  36. Human sperm protein 17 (Sp17) is a highly conserved protein that was originally isolated from a rabbit epididymal sperm membrane and testis membrane pellet. It has recently been included in the cancer/testis (...

    Authors: Fabio Grizzi, Paolo Gaetani, Barbara Franceschini, Antonio Di Ieva, Piergiuseppe Colombo, Giorgia Ceva-Grimaldi, Angelo Bollati, Eldo E Frezza, E Cobos, Riccardo Rodriguez y Baena, Nicola Dioguardi and Maurizio Chiriva-Internati
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:23
  37. Kinesin spindle proteins (KSP) are motor proteins that play an essential role in mitotic spindle formation. HsEg5, a KSP, is responsible for the formation of the bipolar spindle, which is critical for proper cell...

    Authors: David A Davis, Sarah H Sarkar, Maha Hussain, Yiwei Li and Fazlul H Sarkar
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:22
  38. Mutations in the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) have been reported in a wide variety of human neoplasms. A polynucleotide tract extending from 303 to 315 nucleotide positions (D310) within the non-coding region of ...

    Authors: Cenk Aral, Handan Kaya, Çiğdem Ataizi-Çelikel, Mustafa Akkiprik, Özgür Sönmez, Bahadır M Güllüoğlu and Ayşe Özer
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:21
  39. Haematological cancer is characterised by chromosomal translocation (e.g. MLL translocation in acute leukaemia) and two models have been proposed to explain the origins of recurrent reciprocal translocation. T...

    Authors: Michaël Gué, Jian-Sheng Sun and Thomas Boudier
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:20
  40. BACH1 (BRCA1-associated C-terminal helicase 1; also known as BRCA1-interacting protein 1, BRIP1) is a helicase protein that interacts in vivo with BRCA1, the protein product of one of the major genes for heredita...

    Authors: Pia Vahteristo, Kristiina Yliannala, Anitta Tamminen, Hannaleena Eerola, Carl Blomqvist and Heli Nevanlinna
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:19
  41. Members of the matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) family of proteases are required for the degradation of the basement membrane and extracellular matrix in both normal and pathological conditions. In vitro, MT1-MMP (...

    Authors: Larisa M Haupt, Erik W Thompson, Ann EO Trezise, Rachel E Irving, Michael G Irving and Lyn R Griffiths
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:18
  42. The reduced mortality rate from breast carcinoma among women offered screening mammography is demonstrated after 15–20 years of follow-up. However, the assessment of 5-year overall and event-free survival coul...

    Authors: Laura Cortesi, Vincenzo E Chiuri, Silvia Ruscelli, Valeria Bellelli, Rossella Negri, Ivan Rashid, Claudia Cirilli, Antonella Fracca, Ennio Gallo and Massimo Federico
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:17
  43. Angiomotin is a newly discovered molecule that regulates the migration and tubule formation of endothelial cells. It therefore has been implicated in the control of angiogenesis under physiological and patholo...

    Authors: Wen G Jiang, Gareth Watkins, Anthony Douglas-Jones, Lars Holmgren and Robert E Mansel
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:16
  44. After development of hormone-refractory metastatic disease, prostate cancer is incurable. The recent history of chemotherapy has shown that with difficult disease targets, combinatorial therapy frequently offe...

    Authors: Kristen D Brubaker, Lisha G Brown, Robert L Vessella and Eva Corey
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:15
  45. The anticancer drug Ukrain (NSC-631570) which has been specified by the manufacturer as semisynthetic derivative of the Chelidonium majus L. alkaloid chelidonine and the alkylans thiotepa was reported to exert se...

    Authors: Daniel Habermehl, Bernd Kammerer, René Handrick, Therese Eldh, Charlotte Gruber, Nils Cordes, Peter T Daniel, Ludwig Plasswilm, Michael Bamberg, Claus Belka and Verena Jendrossek
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:14
  46. Mediterranean societies, with diets rich in vitamin E isoforms, have a lower risk for colon cancer than those of northern Europe and the Americas. Vitamin E rich diets may neutralize free radicals generated by...

    Authors: Sharon E Campbell, William L Stone, Steven Lee, Sarah Whaley, Hongsong Yang, Min Qui, Paige Goforth, Devin Sherman, Derek McHaffie and Koyamangalath Krishnan
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:13

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