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  1. The main study objectives were: to develop a set of requirements of comprehensive breast centres; to establish a nationwide voluntary certification programme for breast centres based on such requirements, a ce...

    Authors: Sara Y Brucker, Michael Bamberg, Walter Jonat, Matthias W Beckmann, Andreas Kämmerle, Rolf Kreienberg and Diethelm Wallwiener
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:228
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. The purpose of this study was to estimate the relative impact of changes in demographics, stage at detection, treatment mix, and medical technology on 5-year survival among older colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.

    Authors: Kathleen Lang, Jonathan R Korn, David W Lee, Lisa M Lines, Craig C Earle and Joseph Menzin
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:227
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Preoperative chemotherapy (PCT) has become the standard of care in locally advanced breast cancer. The identification of patient-specific tumor characteristics that can improve the ability to predict response ...

    Authors: Linbo Wang, Zhinong Jiang, Meihua Sui, Jianguo Shen, Chaoyang Xu and Weimin Fan
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:226
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. Integrins are known to be important contributors to cancer progression. We have previously shown that the integrin β4 subunit is up-regulated in primary colon cancer. Its partner, the integrin α6 subunit, exis...

    Authors: Anders Bondo Dydensborg, Inga C Teller, Jean-François Groulx, Nuria Basora, Fréderic Paré, Elizabeth Herring, Rémy Gauthier, Dominique Jean and Jean-François Beaulieu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:223
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. The Kuwaiti perspective on quality of life (QOL) in breast cancer is important because it adds the contribution from a country where the disease affects women at a relatively younger age and seems to be more a...

    Authors: Shafika A Alawadi and Jude U Ohaeri
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:222
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Much attention has been recently focused on the role of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in the initiation and progression of solid malignancies. Since CSCs are able to proliferate and self-renew extensively, thus sus...

    Authors: Gabriella Ferrandina, Enrica Martinelli, Marco Petrillo, Maria Grazia Prisco, Gianfranco Zannoni, Stefano Sioletic and Giovanni Scambia
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:221
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Neuropilin-2 (Nrp2) is a receptor for vascular endothelial growth factor-C (VEGF-C), which is a well-known lymphangiogenic factor and plays an important role in lymph node metastasis of various human cancers, ...

    Authors: Hironao Yasuoka, Rieko Kodama, Masahiko Tsujimoto, Katsuhide Yoshidome, Hiroki Akamatsu, Masaaki Nakahara, Michiya Inagaki, Tokio Sanke and Yasushi Nakamura
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:220
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Esophageal cancer ranks eighth in order of cancer occurrence. Its lethality primarily stems from inability to detect the disease during the early organ-confined stage and the lack of effective therapies for ad...

    Authors: Magbubah Essack, Aleksandar Radovanovic, Ulf Schaefer, Sebastian Schmeier, Sundararajan V Seshadri, Alan Christoffels, Mandeep Kaur and Vladimir B Bajic
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:219
    Content type: Database Published on:

  11. The treatment of the primary tumor in advanced metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) is still a matter of discussion. Little attention has thus far been paid to the endoscopically observable changes of the primar...

    Authors: Silke Cameron, Diana Hünerbein, Tümen Mansuroglu, Thomas Armbrust, Jens-Gerd Scharf, Harald Schwörer, László Füzesi and Giuliano Ramadori
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:218
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Secreted Wnt signaling antagonists have recently been described as frequent targets of epigenetic inactivation in human tumor entities. Since gene silencing of certain Wnt antagonists was found to be correlate...

    Authors: Jürgen Veeck, Peter J Wild, Thomas Fuchs, Peter J Schüffler, Arndt Hartmann, Ruth Knüchel and Edgar Dahl
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:217
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Although it is believed that fish ω-3 fatty acids may decrease breast cancer risk, epidemiological evidence has been inconclusive. This study examined the association between fish and fish ω-3 fatty acids inta...

    Authors: Jeongseon Kim, Sun-Young Lim, Aesun Shin, Mi-Kyung Sung, Jungsil Ro, Han-Sung Kang, Keun Seok Lee, Seok-Won Kim and Eun-Sook Lee
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:216
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. While global breast cancer gene expression data sets have considerable commonality in terms of their data content, the populations that they represent and the data collection methods utilized can be quite disp...

    Authors: Jonathan D Mosley and Ruth A Keri
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:214
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. The CXC chemokine, CXCL12, and its receptor, CXCR4 promote metastases of a variety of solid tumors, including non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The expression of CXCR4 on tumor cells may represent a critical...

    Authors: Karen L Reckamp, Robert A Figlin, Marie D Burdick, Steven M Dubinett, Robert M Elashoff and Robert M Strieter
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:213
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Adenosquamous carcinoma of the uterine cervix is an infrequent but aggressive subtype of cervical cancer. A better understanding of its biological behaviour is warranted to define more accurate prognosis and t...

    Authors: Adhemar Longatto-Filho, Céline Pinheiro, Olga Martinho, Marise AR Moreira, Luiz FJ Ribeiro, Geraldo S Queiroz, Fernando C Schmitt, Fátima Baltazar and Rui M Reis
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:212
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Assessment of the clinical significance of unclassified variants (UVs) identified in BRCA1 and BRCA2 is very important for genetic counselling. The analysis of co-segregation of the variant with the disease in fa...

    Authors: Leila Mohammadi, Maaike P Vreeswijk, Rogier Oldenburg, Ans van den Ouweland, Jan C Oosterwijk, Annemarie H van der Hout, Nicoline Hoogerbrugge, Marjolijn Ligtenberg, Margreet G Ausems, Rob B van der Luijt, Charlotte J Dommering, Johan J Gille, Senno Verhoef, Frans B Hogervorst, Theo A van Os, Encarna Gómez García…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:211
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is accompanied by a number of adverse side effects including reduced bone mass and increased risk for fracture, reduced lean mass and muscle strength, mood disturbance and in...

    Authors: Robert U Newton, Dennis R Taaffe, Nigel Spry, Robert A Gardiner, Gregory Levin, Bradley Wall, David Joseph, Suzanne K Chambers and Daniel A Galvão
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:210
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  20. Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma (EPSCC) is a rare cancer and few studies describe its epidemiology. Our objectives were to compare the incidence and survival of EPSCC in South East England with small cell ...

    Authors: Yien Ning S Wong, Ruth H Jack, Vivian Mak, Møller Henrik and Elizabeth A Davies
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:209
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. New therapeutic principles in clinical oncology require the adjustment of response criteria to govern therapy decisions. For advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) a new era has recently begun by the approval...

    Authors: Marius Horger, Ulrich M Lauer, Christina Schraml, Christoph P Berg, Ursula Koppenhöfer, Claus D Claussen, Michael Gregor and Michael Bitzer
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:208
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is the major product of Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to assess PGE2 cell surface receptors (EP 1–4) to examine the mechanisms by which PGE2 regulates tumou...

    Authors: Glen A Doherty, Sinead M Byrne, Eamonn S Molloy, Vikrum Malhotra, Sandra C Austin, Elaine W Kay, Frank E Murray and Desmond J Fitzgerald
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:207
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Glioblastoma are highly aggressive tumors with an average survival time of 12 months with currently available treatment. We have previously shown that specific embryonic neural progenitor cells (NPC) have the ...

    Authors: Karin Staflin, Thole Zuchner, Gabriella Honeth, Anna Darabi and Cecilia Lundberg
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:206
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. Prognosis and optimal treatment strategies of liposarcoma have not been fully defined. The purpose of this study is to define the distinctive clinical features of liposarcomas by assessing prognostic factors.

    Authors: Hyo Song Kim, Jeeyun Lee, Seong Yoon Yi, Hyun Jung Jun, Yoon-La Choi, Geung Hwan Ahn, Sung Wook Seo, Do Hoon Lim, Yong Chan Ahn, Joon Oh Park and Sung Joo Kim
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:205
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Ser-249 TP53 mutation (249Ser) is a molecular evidence for aflatoxin-related carcinogenesis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) and it is frequent in some African and Asian regions, but it is unusual in Western cou...

    Authors: Jeronimo A Nogueira, Suzane K Ono-Nita, Marcelo E Nita, Marcelo MT de Souza, Eliane P do Carmo, Evandro S Mello, Cristovan Scapulatempo, Denise C Paranaguá-Vezozzo, Flair J Carrilho and Venancio AF Alves
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:204
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. There is increasing evidence for the "cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis", which holds that cancers are driven by a cellular component that has stem cell properties, including self-renewal, tumorigenicity and m...

    Authors: Emmanuelle Charafe-Jauffret, Christophe Ginestier and Daniel Birnbaum
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:202
    Content type: Review Published on:

  28. Clinical trials where cancer patients were treated with protease inhibitors have suggested that the serine protease, prostasin, may act as a tumour suppressor. Prostasin is proteolytically activated by the ser...

    Authors: Joanna Selzer-Plon, Jette Bornholdt, Stine Friis, Hanne C Bisgaard, Inger MB Lothe, Kjell M Tveit, Elin H Kure, Ulla Vogel and Lotte K Vogel
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:201
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. RAI3 is an orphan G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) that has been associated with malignancy and may play a role in the proliferation of breast cancer cells. Although its exact function in normal and malignant...

    Authors: Hannah Jörißen, Nuran Bektas, Edgar Dahl, Arndt Hartmann, Anette ten Haaf, Stefano Di Fiore, Hans Kiefer, Andreas Thess, Stefan Barth and Torsten Klockenbring
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:200
    Content type: Technical advance Published on:

  30. AVE9633 is a new immunoconjugate comprising a humanized monoclonal antibody, anti-CD33 antigen, linked through a disulfide bond to the maytansine derivative DM4, a cytotoxic agent and potent tubulin inhibitor....

    Authors: Ruoping Tang, Simy Cohen, Jean-Yves Perrot, Anne-Marie Faussat, Claudia Zuany-Amorim, Zora Marjanovic, Hamid Morjani, Fanny Fava, Elise Corre, Ollivier Legrand and Jean-Pierre Marie
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:199
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Gastric cancer is the third most common malignancy affecting the general population worldwide. Aberrant activation of KRAS is a key factor in the development of many types of tumor, however, oncogenic mutation...

    Authors: Hiroaki Mita, Minoru Toyota, Fumio Aoki, Hirofumi Akashi, Reo Maruyama, Yasushi Sasaki, Hiromu Suzuki, Masashi Idogawa, Lisa Kashima, Kazuyoshi Yanagihara, Masahiro Fujita, Masao Hosokawa, Masanobu Kusano, Sorin Vasile Sabau, Haruyuki Tatsumi, Kohzoh Imai…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:198
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Glioblastomas (GBM) are typically comprised of morphologically diverse cells. Despite current advances in therapy, including surgical resection followed by radiation and chemotherapy, the prognosis for patient...

    Authors: Silvia Valensin, Chiara Ghiron, Claudia Lamanna, Andreas Kremer, Marco Rossi, Pietro Ferruzzi, Marco Nievo and Annette Bakker
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:196
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. Teratomas are the commonest germ cell tumours and are most frequently found in the testes and ovary. Extragonadal teratomas are rare and mainly occur in midline structures. Uterine teratomas are extremely rare...

    Authors: Thomas Newsom-Davis, Daniel Poulter, Rebecca Gray, Mohammed Ameen, Iain Lindsay, Kyriakos Papanikolaou, Simon Butler-Manuel, Timothy Christmas, Peter Townsend and Michael Seckl
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:195
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  35. MicroRNAs are the endogenous small non-coding RNA molecules capable of silencing protein coding genes at the posttranscriptional level. Based on computer-aided predictions, a single microRNA could have over a ...

    Authors: Qiong Jiang, Ming-Guang Feng and Yin-Yuan Mo
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:194
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. TGF-β receptor type I is a mediator of growth inhibitory signals. TGFBR1*6A (rs11466445) is a common polymorphic variant of the TGF-β receptor I gene and has been associated with tumour susceptibility. Neverthele...

    Authors: Adela Castillejo, Trinidad Mata-Balaguer, Paola Montenegro, Enrique Ochoa, Rafael Lázaro, Ana Martínez-Cantó, María-Isabel Castillejo, Carla Guarinos, Víctor-Manuel Barberá, Carmen Guillén-Ponce, Alfredo Carrato and José-Luís Soto
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:193
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. Pancreatic cancer is a common, highly lethal disease with a rising incidence. MUC1 is a tumor-associated antigen that is over-expressed in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Active immunotherapy that targets MUC1 coul...

    Authors: Yefei Rong, Dayong Jin, Wenchuan Wu, Wenhui Lou, Danshong Wang, Tiantao Kuang, Xiaoling Ni and Xinyu Qin
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:191
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. The progression from Barrett's metaplasia to adenocarcinoma is associated with the acquirement of an apoptosis-resistant phenotype. The bile acid deoxycholate (DCA) has been proposed to play an important role ...

    Authors: Eileen Looby, Mohamed MM Abdel-Latif, Veronica Athié-Morales, Shane Duggan, Aideen Long and Dermot Kelleher
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:190
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. The diagnosis and treatment of cancer is a major life stress such that approximately 35% of patients experience persistent clinically significant distress and carers often experience even higher distress than ...

    Authors: Suzanne K Chambers, Afaf Girgis, Stefano Occhipinti, Sandy Hutchison, Jane Turner, Rob Carter and Jeff Dunn
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:189
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  41. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of structural and functional related endopeptidases. They play a crucial role in tumor invasion and building of metastatic formations because of their ability to d...

    Authors: Andrea Köhrmann, Ulrike Kammerer, Michaela Kapp, Johannes Dietl and Jelena Anacker
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:188
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Persistent high risk HPV infection can lead to cervical cancer, the second most common malignant tumor in women worldwide. NK cells play a crucial role against tumors and virus-infected cells through a fine ba...

    Authors: Trinidad Garcia-Iglesias, Alicia del Toro-Arreola, Benibelks Albarran-Somoza, Susana del Toro-Arreola, Pedro E Sanchez-Hernandez, Maria Guadalupe Ramirez-Dueñas, Luz Ma. Adriana Balderas-Peña, Alejandro Bravo-Cuellar, Pablo C Ortiz-Lazareno and Adrian Daneri-Navarro
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:186
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. New, third-generation aromatase inhibitors (AIs) have proven comparable or superior to the anti-estrogen tamoxifen for treatment of estrogen receptor (ER) and/or progesterone receptor (PR) positive breast canc...

    Authors: Anne E Lykkesfeldt, Katrine L Henriksen, Birgitte B Rasmussen, Hironobu Sasano, Dean B Evans, Susanne Møller, Bent Ejlertsen and Henning T Mouridsen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:185
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. MUTYH-associated polyposis (MAP) is a recessively inherited disorder which predisposes biallelic carriers for a high risk of polyposis and colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Since about one third of the biallelic MAP...

    Authors: Maartje Nielsen, Noel FCC de Miranda, Marjo van Puijenbroek, Ekaterina S Jordanova, Anneke Middeldorp, Tom van Wezel, Ronald van Eijk, Carli MJ Tops, Hans FA Vasen, Frederik J Hes and Hans Morreau
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:184
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. We explored the association of mammographic density, a breast cancer risk factor, with hormonal and proliferation markers in benign tissue from tumor blocks of pre-and postmenopausal breast cancer cases.

    Authors: Martijn Verheus, Gertraud Maskarinec, Eva Erber, Jana S Steude, Jeffrey Killeen, Brenda Y Hernandez and J Mark Cline
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:182
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. The Nijmegen Breakage Syndrome is a chromosomal instability disorder characterized by microcephaly, growth retardation, immunodeficiency, and increased frequency of cancers. Familial studies on relatives of th...

    Authors: Sylvie Desjardins, Joly Charles Beauparlant, Yvan Labrie, Geneviève Ouellette and Francine Durocher
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:181
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. Tumor immune escape and angiogenesis contribute to tumor progression, and gangliosides and activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-3 are implicated in these processes. As both are...

    Authors: Hester van Cruijsen, Mariëlle Gallegos Ruiz, Paul van der Valk, Tanja D de Gruijl and Giuseppe Giaccone
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:180
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. RAS genes acquire the most common somatic gain-of-function mutations in human cancer, and almost all of these mutations are located at codons 12, 13, 61, and 146.

    Authors: Ya-Sian Chang, Kun-Tu Yeh, Tien-Jye Chang, Connie Chai, Hsiu-Chin Lu, Nicholas C Hsu and Jan-Gowth Chang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:179
    Content type: Technical advance Published on:

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