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  1. While molecularly targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors have improved the prognosis of advanced melanoma, biomarkers are required to monitor drug responses. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are rel...

    Authors: Yukiko Kiniwa, Kenta Nakamura, Asuka Mikoshiba, Atsuko Ashida, Yasuyuki Akiyama, Atsushi Morimoto and Ryuhei Okuyama
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:287
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. In this study, we investigated CD20+ TILs in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and their relationship with T lymphocyte subsets (CD4+, CD8+, CD25+, and FOXP3+), including their combined prognostic value usi...

    Authors: Hajime Kuroda, Tsengelmaa Jamiyan, Rin Yamaguchi, Akinari Kakumoto, Akihito Abe, Oi Harada and Atsuko Masunaga
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:286
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Differentiating true glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) from pseudoprogression (PsP) remains a challenge with current standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The objective of this study was to explore whether pa...

    Authors: Jing Xi, Bilal Hassan, Ruth G. N. Katumba, Karam Khaddour, Akshay Govindan, Jingqin Luo, Jiayi Huang and Jian L. Campian
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:285
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) feature prominently in tumor progression. However, the biological function and molecular mechanism of circ_0003266 in colorectal cancer (CRC) require further investigation.

    Authors: Caihong Wen, Xiaoqing Feng, Honggang Yuan, Yong Gong and Guangsheng Wang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:284
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. The accurate prediction of post-hepatectomy early recurrence (PHER) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is vital in determining postoperative adjuvant treatment and monitoring. This study aimed to develop and va...

    Authors: Rong-yun Mai, Jie Zeng, Wei-da Meng, Hua-ze Lu, Rong Liang, Yan Lin, Guo-bin Wu, Le-qun Li, Liang Ma, Jia-zhou Ye and Tao Bai
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:283
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. Mismatch repair (MMR)/microsatellite instability (MSI) and tumor mutational burden (TMB) are independent biomarkers that complement each other for predicting immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) efficacy. Here ...

    Authors: Jian Xiao, Wenyun Li, Yan Huang, Mengli Huang, Shanshan Li, Xiaohui Zhai, Jing Zhao, Chan Gao, Wenzhuan Xie, Hao Qin, Shangli Cai, Yuezong Bai, Ping Lan and Yifeng Zou
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:282
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Cervical cancer is the fourth cancer worldwide. The Human Papilloma Virus is responsible for 99% of the cases but the distribution of its genotypes varies among populations. We aimed to identify HPV genotypes ...

    Authors: Stanie Gaete, Aviane Auguste, Bernard Bhakkan, Jessica Peruvien, Cecile Herrmann-Storck, Youri Socrier, Abdoulaye Diedhiou and Jacqueline Deloumeaux
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:281
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Although criteria for liver transplantation, such as the Milan criteria and Hangzhou experiences, have become popular, criteria to guide adjuvant therapy for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after liver ...

    Authors: Dabing Huang, Yinan Shen, Wei Zhang, Chengxiang Guo, Tingbo Liang and Xueli Bai
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:280
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Thymic tumors are unusual neoplasms, representing 0.2 to 1.5% of tumors in humans, but correspond to 20% of mediastinal tumors and 50% of those that occur in the anterior mediastinum. They tend to appear aroun...

    Authors: Diego F. Scarpetta-Gonzalez, Eliana Isabel Morales, Luz Fernanda Sua, Mauricio Velásquez, Saveria Sangiovanni and Liliana Fernández-Trujillo
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:279
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Cancer stem cells are important for the development of many solid tumors. These cells receive promoting and inhibitory signals that depend on the nature of their environment (their niche) and determine cell dy...

    Authors: Lucía Benítez, Lucas Barberis, Luciano Vellón and Carlos A. Condat
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:276
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Dysregulated miRNAs are involved in carcinogenesis of the breast and may be used as prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets during the cancer process. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect ...

    Authors: Bo Lin, Chunhua Liu, Enyi Shi, Qiu Jin, Wenhui Zhao, Juan Wang and Runyuan Ji
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:275
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. We aimed to study the mortality and intensity of health care in patients with advanced lung cancer who received systemic anti-cancer treatment (SACT) compared with patients who were not eligible for SACT (no-S...

    Authors: Kersti Oselin, Heti Pisarev, Keit Ilau and Raul-Allan Kiivet
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:274
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-016-2277-2.

    Authors: Zhen Liu, Chao Cheng, Xiaojun Luo, Qiong Xia, Yejie Zhang, Xiaobing Long, Qingping Jiang and Weiyi Fang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:273
    Content type: Retraction Note Published on:

    The original article was published in BMC Cancer 2016 16:238

  16. Bile duct invasion is a relatively rare event and is not well characterised in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). It remains very difficult to diagnose HCC with bile duct tumour thrombus (BDTT) before surgery. In...

    Authors: Jun-Yi Wu, Ju-Xian Sun, Jia-Yi Wu, Xiao-Xiao Huang, Yan-Nan Bai, Yong-Yi Zeng, Zhi-Bo Zhang, Shu-Qun Cheng and Mao-Lin Yan
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:272
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Childhood cancer is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the pediatrics age group. The problem affects both developed and developing countries. A high mortality rate has been observed in low...

    Authors: Aklilu Endalamaw, Nega Tezera Assimamaw, Tadesse Awoke Ayele, Achenef Asmamaw Muche, Ejigu Gebeye Zeleke, Amare Wondim, Getaneh Mulualem Belay, Yeneabat Birhanu, Ashenafi Tazebew, Masresha Asmare Techane, Selam Fisha Kassa and Chalachew Adugna Wubneh
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:271
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a target for cancer therapy as it is overexpressed in a wide variety of cancers. Therapeutic antibodies that bind EGFR are being evaluated in clinical trials as imagi...

    Authors: Wendy Bernhard, Kris Barreto, Ayman El-Sayed, Carolina Gonzalez, Raja Solomon Viswas, Darien Toledo, Angel Casaco, John DeCoteau, Humphrey Fonge and Clarence Ronald Geyer
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:270
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. The objective of the study was to detect the expression of Kita-Kyushu lung cancer antigen-1 (KK-LC-1) in gastric cancer (GC) specimens and analyse the associations between KK-LC-1 expression and clinicopathol...

    Authors: Jun Ji, Jiahui Chen, Anqiang Wang, Wei Zhang, Hongge Ju, Yang Liu and Leping Li
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:267
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. To explore possible solutions to overcome chronic Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) shortage affecting seriously the management of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) in Europe and throughout the world, we...

    Authors: Makito Miyake, Kota Iida, Nobutaka Nishimura, Tatsuki Miyamoto, Kiyohide Fujimoto, Ryotaro Tomida, Kazumasa Matsumoto, Kazuyuki Numakura, Junichi Inokuchi, Shuichi Morizane, Takahiro Yoneyama, Yoshiaki Matsumura, Takashige Abe, Masaharu Inoue, Takeshi Yamada, Naoki Terada…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:266
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Gliosarcoma (GSM) is a distinct and aggressive variant of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) with worse prognosis and few treatment options. It is often managed with the same treatment modalities with temozolomide ...

    Authors: Karrie Mei-Yee Kiang, Andrian A. Chan and Gilberto Ka-Kit Leung
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:265
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. Cancer survivors are frequently excluded from clinical research, resulting in their omission from the development of many cancer treatment strategies. Quantifying the prevalence of prior cancer in newly diagno...

    Authors: Akira Sato, Keisuke Matsubayashi, Toshitaka Morishima, Kayo Nakata, Koji Kawakami and Isao Miyashiro
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:264
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer deaths across the world. Early detection of lung cancer by low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) can reduce the mortality rate. However, making a definitive preope...

    Authors: Wenqun Xing, Haibo Sun, Chi Yan, Chengzhi Zhao, Dongqing Wang, Mingming Li and Jie Ma
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:263
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Probe electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (PESI-MS) can rapidly visualize mass spectra of small, surgically obtained tissue samples, and is a promising novel diagnostic tool when combined with machine le...

    Authors: Sho Kiritani, Kentaro Yoshimura, Junichi Arita, Takashi Kokudo, Hiroyuki Hakoda, Meguri Tanimoto, Takeaki Ishizawa, Nobuhisa Akamatsu, Junichi Kaneko, Sen Takeda and Kiyoshi Hasegawa
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:262
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. To investigate the beam complexity and monitor unit (MU) efficiency issues for two different volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) delivery technologies for patients with left-sided breast cancer (BC) and na...

    Authors: Chengqiang Li, Cheng Tao, Tong Bai, Zhenjiang Li, Ying Tong, Jian Zhu, Yong Yin and Jie Lu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:261
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Tumor microenvironment (TME) is a dynamic setting and changes in TILs and their subpopulations are potential candidates to influence the metastatic process. Aim of this pilot study is to describe the changes o...

    Authors: Annalisa Zeppellini, Stefania Galimberti, Biagio Eugenio Leone, Claudia Pacifico, Francesca Riva, Federica Cicchiello, Serena Capici, Claudia Maggioni, Luca Sala and Marina Elena Cazzaniga
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:260
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. The incidence and mortality of lung cancer are the highest among all cancers. Patients with systemic sclerosis show a four-fold greater risk of lung cancer than the general population. However, the underlying ...

    Authors: Heng Li, Liping Ding, Xiaoping Hong, Yulan Chen, Rui Liao, Tingting Wang, Shuhui Meng, Zhenyou Jiang and Dongzhou Liu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:259
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between multiple metabolism parameters derived from FDG and tumor TNM stages as well as tumor metastasis-associated protein of GLUT-1 and MACC1 in colo...

    Authors: Mingyu Zhang, Jigang Yang, Hao Jiang, Huijie Jiang and Zhenchang Wang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:258
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most frequently diagnosed histological subtype of lung cancer. Our purpose was to explore molecular subtypes and core genes for LUAD using multi-omics analysis.

    Authors: Yue Zhao, Yakun Gao, Xiaodong Xu, Jiwu Zhou and He Wang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:257
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Head and neck cancers are aggressive cancers, most clinical studies focused on the prognosis of patients with head and neck cancer. However, perioperative mortality was rarely mentioned.

    Authors: Yannan Wang, Mengxue Wang, Yan Tang, Bincan Sun, Kai Wang and Feiya Zhu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:256
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) represents a class of RNAs (e.g., long noncoding RNAs [lncRNAs]) with microRNA (miRNA) binding sites, which can competitively bind miRNA and inhibit its regulation of target ge...

    Authors: Jingyi Chen, Yuxuan Song, Mei Li, Yu Zhang, Tingru Lin, Jie Sun, Di Wang, Yulan Liu, Jingzhu Guo and Weidong Yu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:255
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. Alcohol consumption is a major risk factor for esophageal cancer; however, a high incidence of esophageal cancer is observed particularly among Eastern Asians, although they consume relatively less alcohol, pr...

    Authors: Chang Kyun Choi, Jungho Yang, Sun-Seog Kweon, Sang-Hee Cho, Hye-Yeon Kim, Eun Myung and Min-Ho Shin
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:254
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. The liver is one of the most frequent sites of metastases in rectal cancer. This study aimed to evaluate how the development of synchronous or metachronous liver metastasis and overall survival are impacted by...

    Authors: Giulia Besutti, Angela Damato, Francesco Venturelli, Candida Bonelli, Massimo Vicentini, Filippo Monelli, Pamela Mancuso, Guido Ligabue, Pierpaolo Pattacini, Carmine Pinto and Paolo Giorgi Rossi
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:253
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Diacylglycerol-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) plays an important role in the energy storage and is involved in cancer progression. A growing number of evidences showed that elevated expression of DGAT1 in cancer tissu...

    Authors: Ping He, Shihuan Cheng, Feng Hu, Zhanchuan Ma and Yan Xia
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:252
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. We quantified the elusive effects of putative factors on the clinical course of early hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after primary surgical or nonsurgical curative treatment.

    Authors: Ming-Jeng Kuo, Lein-Ray Mo and Chi-Ling Chen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:250
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. The current standard postoperative treatment for stage II-IIIA non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a regimen of platinum doublet adjuvant chemotherapy. These regimens, which are the same as for solid NSCLC t...

    Authors: Tomoshi Tsuchiya, Keitaro Matsumoto, Takuro Miyazaki, Ryoichiro Doi, Shoji Tokunaga, Hiroyuki Yamaguchi, Koichi Tomoshige, Hironosuke Watanabe, Takeshi Nagayasu and Kenji Sugio
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:249
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  40. Low-grade glioma (LGG) is a relatively rare type of brain tumour. The use of antidepressant, sedative and anti-epileptic drugs can reflect the burden of the disease. While epilepsy is well-described in patient...

    Authors: Isabelle Rydén, Erik Thurin, Louise Carstam, Anja Smits, Sasha Gulati, Roger Henriksson, Øyvind Salvesen and Asgeir Store Jakola
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:248
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Cancer 2022 22:350

  42. Alpha-fetoprotein-negative hepatocellular carcinoma (AFP-NHCC) (< 8.78 ng/mL) have special clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis. The aim of this study was to apply a new method to establish and vali...

    Authors: Dongdong Zhou, Xiaoli Liu, Xinhui Wang, Fengna Yan, Peng Wang, Huiwen Yan, Yuyong Jiang and Zhiyun Yang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:246
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via the original article.

    Authors: Dearbhaile Catherine Collins, Raghav Sundar, Anastasia Constantinidou, David Dolling, Timothy Anthony Yap, Sanjay Popat, Mary E. O’Brien, Udai Banerji, Johann Sebastian de Bono, Juanita Suzanne Lopez, Nina Tunariu and Anna Minchom
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:245
    Content type: Correction Published on:

    The original article was published in BMC Cancer 2020 20:1210

  45. It is very important to accurately delineate the CTV on the patient’s three-dimensional CT image in the radiotherapy process. Limited to the scarcity of clinical samples and the difficulty of automatic delinea...

    Authors: Zhongjian Ju, Wen Guo, Shanshan Gu, Jin Zhou, Wei Yang, Xiaohu Cong, Xiangkun Dai, Hong Quan, Jie Liu, Baolin Qu and Guocai Liu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:243
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. The survival rates of advanced cancer patients remain low despite clinical therapy advancements. However, physical activity showed promising effects in improving cancer outcomes. This review aimed to systemati...

    Authors: Naomi Takemura, Siu Ling Chan, Robert Smith, Denise Shuk Ting Cheung and Chia-Chin Lin
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:242
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. Genetic alterations have been proven to be the promising biomarkers for ICI response. However, sex biases in genetic alterations have been often ignored in the field of immunotherapy, which might specially inf...

    Authors: You Ge, Feiran Wei, Guoping Du, Gaoqiang Fei, Wei Li, Xiaoshan Li, Jinjin Chu and Pingmin Wei
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:240
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. Recent studies have shown that mixed predominantly differentiated-type (MD) early gastric cancer (EGC) might have more malignant potential than pure differentiated-type (PD) EGC. However, no study has analyzed...

    Authors: Yutaka Okagawa, Tetsuya Sumiyoshi, Hitoshi Kondo, Yusuke Tomita, Takeshi Uozumi, Reiichi Iida, Hiroya Sakano, Kaho Tokuchi, Takashi Jin, Masahiro Yoshida, Akira Sakurada, Ryoji Fujii, Takeyoshi Minagawa, Kohtaro Morita, Kei Yane, Hideyuki Ihara…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:235
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. Leucine-rich repeat-containing G-protein-coupled receptor 5 (LGR5) is an important cancer stem cell marker in gastric cancer. However, no detailed studies are available on LGR5 expression in poorly differentiated...

    Authors: Takehito Ehara, Takeshi Uehara, Tomoyuki Nakajima, Yasuhiro Kinugawa, Shota Kobayashi, Mai Iwaya, Hiroyoshi Ota and Yuji Soejima
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:228
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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