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  1. The study here investigated quantitative ultrasound (QUS) parameters to assess tumour response to ultrasound-stimulated microbubbles (USMB) and hyperthermia (HT) treatment in vivo. Mice bearing prostate cancer xe...

    Authors: Deepa Sharma, Laurentius Oscar Osapoetra, Mateusz Faltyn, Anoja Giles, Martin Stanisz and Gregory J. Czarnota
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:991
    Content type: Research Published on:

  2. A low tissue oxygen level, < 1% O2, is a typical characteristic inside of solid tumors in head and neck cancer (HNSCC) affecting a wide array of cell populations, such as macrophages. However, the mechanisms of h...

    Authors: Tamiko Ishizu, Dominik Eichin, Artur Padzik, Sanni Tuominen, Reidar Grénman, Marko Salmi, Tove J. Grönroos and Johanna M. Tuomela
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:990
    Content type: Research Published on:

  3. In clinical studies, it has been observed that esophageal cancer (EC) patient prognosis can be very different even for those patients with tumors of the same TNM stage. Tumor length has been analysed as a poss...

    Authors: Zhao Yang Wang, Yuan Zhu Jiang, Wen Xiao, Xian Biao Xue, Xiang Wei Zhang and Lin Zhang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:988
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. Acute lymphoid leukaemia (ALL) is the commonest childhood cancer whose incidence is rising in many nations. In the USA, between 1975 and 2016, ALL rates (ALLRs) rose 93.51% from 1.91 to 3.70/100,000 <  20 year...

    Authors: Albert Stuart Reece and Gary Kenneth Hulse
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:984
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic utility of metabolic parameters on fluorine-18-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET)/computed tomography (CT) for predicting lymph n...

    Authors: Keita Nakanishi, Shota Nakamura, Tomoshi Sugiyama, Yuka Kadomatsu, Harushi Ueno, Masaki Goto, Naoki Ozeki, Takayuki Fukui, Shingo Iwano and Toyofumi Fengshi Chen-Yoshikawa
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:983
    Content type: Research Published on:

  6. B vitamins and methionine are essential substrates in the one-carbon metabolism pathway involved in DNA synthesis and methylation. They may have essential roles in cancer development. We aimed to evaluate the ...

    Authors: Paramita Khairan, Tomotaka Sobue, Ehab Salah Eshak, Ling Zha, Tetsuhisa Kitamura, Norie Sawada, Motoki Iwasaki, Manami Inoue, Taiki Yamaji, Taichi Shimazu, Hiroyasu Iso and Shoichiro Tsugane
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:982
    Content type: Research Published on:

  7. Paclitaxel (Taxol) is a microtubule-stabilizing drug used to treat several solid tumors, including ovarian, breast, non-small cell lung, and pancreatic cancers. The current treatment of ovarian cancer is chemo...

    Authors: Celina Amaya, Shihua Luo, Julio Baigorri, Rogelio Baucells, Elizabeth R. Smith and Xiang-Xi Xu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:981
    Content type: Research Published on:

  9. Ubiquitously transcribed tetratricopeptide repeat on chromosome X (UTX) has been identified as a histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27) demethylase and acted as a tumor suppressor gene or oncogenic function. The current ...

    Authors: Yen-Hao Chen, Chang-Han Chen, Chih-Yen Chien, Yan-Ye Su, Sheng-Dean Luo and Shau-Hsuan Li
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:979
    Content type: Research Published on:

  10. The efficacy and safety of bevacizumab-containing chemotherapy for patients with metastatic duodenal and jejunal adenocarcinoma (mDJA) are unclear. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of bevacizum...

    Authors: Takahiro Amano, Hideki Iijima, Shinichiro Shinzaki, Taku Tashiro, Shuko Iwatani, Mizuki Tani, Yuriko Otake, Takeo Yoshihara, Aya Sugimoto, Satoshi Egawa, Shinjiro Yamaguchi, Kazuo Kinoshita, Manabu Araki, Motohiro Hirao, Yuko Sakakibara, Satoshi Hiyama…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:978
    Content type: Research Published on:

  11. There is a lack of useful diagnostic tools to identify EGFR mutated NSCLC patients with long-term survival. This study develops a prognostic model using real world data to assist clinicians to predict survival...

    Authors: Lourdes Gutiérrez, Ana Royuela, Enric Carcereny, Rafael López-Castro, Delvys Rodríguez-Abreu, Bartomeu Massuti, José Luis González-Larriba, Rosario García-Campelo, Joaquim Bosch-Barrera, María Guirado, Carlos Camps, Manuel Dómine, Reyes Bernabé, Joaquín Casal, Juana Oramas, Ana Laura Ortega…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:977
    Content type: Research Published on:

  12. Optic nerve astrocytomas (ONAs) are neurological neoplasms in the central nervous system (CNS), and they have the highest incidence rate among all the tumor types in the visual pathway. In this study, we condu...

    Authors: Mingui Zhang, Tao Chen and Yisheng Zhong
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:976
    Content type: Research Published on:

  13. Breast cancer in men accounts for fewer than 1 % of all breast cancer cases diagnosed in men and women. Genes which predispose to male breast cancer include BRCA1 and BRCA2. The role of other genes is less clear....

    Authors: Marek Szwiec, Joanna Tomiczek-Szwiec, Wojciech Kluźniak, Dominika Wokołorczyk, Karolina Osowiecka, Robert Sibilski, Małgorzata Wachowiak, Jacek Gronwald, Helena Gronwald, Jan Lubiński, Cezary Cybulski, Steven A. Narod and Tomasz Huzarski
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:975
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. This study compared the long-term efficacy of different durations of adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with gastric cancer after radical gastrectomy with D2 lymphadenectomy.

    Authors: Lei Chen, Chenghai Zhang, Zhendan Yao, Ming Cui, Jiadi Xing, Hong Yang, Nan Zhang, Maoxing Liu, Kai Xu, Fei Tan, Yuzhe Li, Beihai Jiang and Xiangqian Su
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:974
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. The prognosis of advanced laryngeal cancer is unfavorable despite advances in multidisciplinary therapy. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a central role in antitumor immunity. Tumor-infiltrating CD1a+ DCs have been rep...

    Authors: Akimichi Minesaki, Keita Kai, Yuichiro Kuratomi and Shinichi Aishima
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:973
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. Tumor mutation burden is an emerging biomarker for immunotherapy. Although several clinical trials for immunotherapy in lymphoma have been carried out, the mutation burden of various lymphomas is not well know...

    Authors: Junhun Cho, Sang Eun Yoon, Seok Jin Kim, Young Hyeh Ko and Won Seog Kim
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:972
    Content type: Research Published on:

  17. Photodynamic therapy with a photosensitizer such as protoporphyrin-IX, a light sensitive metabolite of heme synthesis, is a highly selective treatment for various carcinomas. In previous studies, we found a si...

    Authors: Bernhard Gillissen, Antje Richter, Frank Essmann and Wolfgang Kemmner
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:971
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death among gynecological malignancies. Immunotherapy has demonstrated potential effects in ovarian cancer. However, few studies on immune-related prognostic signatures i...

    Authors: Rongjia Su, Chengjuan Jin, Lina Zhou, Yannan Cao, Menghua Kuang, Linxia Li and Jiangdong Xiang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:970
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting CTLA-4 and the PD-1/PD-L1 axis is effective against many cancer types. However, due in part to unresponsiveness or acquired resistance, not all pati...

    Authors: Reid P. Bissonnette, Rosemary M. Cesario, Bob Goodenow, Farbod Shojaei and Mireille Gillings
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:969
    Content type: Research Published on:

  20. The advent of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) therapy has resulted in significant survival benefits in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) without increasing toxicity. However, the utilisation...

    Authors: Chengdi Wang, Jingwei Li, Qiran Zhang, Jiayang Wu, Yuxuan Xiao, Lujia Song, Hanlin Gong and Yalun Li
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:968
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. Patients with breast cancer who overexpress the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and subsequently develop brain metastasis (BM) typically experience poor quality of life and low survival. We con...

    Authors: Michelle D. Hackshaw, Heather E. Danysh, Mackenzie Henderson, Eric Wang, Nora Tu, Zahidul Islam, Amy Ladner, Mary E. Ritchey and Maribel Salas
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:967
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. Adherence to colorectal cancer screening in the United States is suboptimal, particularly in medically underserved populations due to significant barriers to care. Unique accessible, low-cost, and non-invasive...

    Authors: Stephanie Ioannou, Kyle Sutherland, Daniel A. Sussman and Amar R. Deshpande
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:966
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. The main aim of this study was to ascertain the effectiveness of ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration cytology (US-FNAC) in the diagnosis of para-aortic lymph node (PALN) metastasis in uterine cervical can...

    Authors: Junping Liu, Xin Liu, Zhengying Guo, Xiaojuan Lv, Weimin Mao, Dong Xu and Lijing Wang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:964
    Content type: Research Published on:

  25. Receiving a cancer diagnosis may trigger immediate fatal non-cancer health outcomes in addition to dying of cancer itself. We aim to investigate the full pattern of non-cancer deaths in patients within a year ...

    Authors: Pengcheng Yang, Yongqiang Zheng, Jiayuan Chen, Haotian Ma, Kaixu Yu, Ying Chen, Yun Yang and Bian Wu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:963
    Content type: Research Published on:

  26. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer death in the world owing to limitations in its prognosis. The current prognosis approaches include radiological examination and detection o...

    Authors: Rajinder Gupta, Jos Kleinjans and Florian Caiment
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:962
    Content type: Research Published on:

  27. Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis. Given the limited treatment options, prognostic assessment of ACC is increasingly crucial. In this study, we aim to ass...

    Authors: Fuxun Zhang, Zhihong Liu, Jiayu Liang, Shengzhuo Liu, Kan Wu, Fan Zhang, Chuan Zhou, Yiping Lu, Yuchun Zhu and Xianding Wang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:961
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. The impact of smokeless tobacco (SLT) use on the risk of oral cavity cancer (OCC) has been confirmed; however, the sex-based difference in this association remains inconclusive. Therefore, this study aimed to ...

    Authors: Guangyan Mu, Jiayi Wang, Zhiyan Liu, Hanxu Zhang, Shuang Zhou, Qian Xiang and Yimin Cui
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:960
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. It is very necessary to implement gastric cancer screening in China to reduce the mortality of gastric cancer, but there are no national screening guidelines and programs. Understanding of individual preferenc...

    Authors: Hui-qin Li, Hui Xue, Hua Yuan, Guang-ying Wan and Xiu-ying Zhang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:959
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. The advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), such as the recurrent tumor after liver transplantation (LT), is an obstacle of HCC treatment. The aim of this study was to discover the underlying mechanism of HCC...

    Authors: Tao Liu, Qiao Shi, Lei Yang, Shusen Wang, Hongli Song, Zhenglu Wang, Xinnv Xu, Hongsheng Liu, Hong Zheng and Zhongyang Shen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:957
    Content type: Research Published on:

  33. The improved prognosis of classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) has been accompanied by elevated risks of non–cancer-specific death (non-CSD). The aim of this study was to verify the occurrence of non-CSD and its eff...

    Authors: Jie Gao, Yingying Chen, Pengqiang Wu, Fujue Wang, Huan Tao, Qianqing Shen, Shuoting Wang, Shuaige Gong, Xue Zhang, Zhencang Zhou, Xianmin Song and Yongqian Jia
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:955
    Content type: Research Published on:

  34. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most diagnosed cancer among males and third among females in Saudi Arabia, with up to two-third diagnosed at advanced stage. The objective of our study was to estimate CRC surviv...

    Authors: Mesnad Alyabsi, Fouad Sabatin, Majed Ramadan and Abdul Rahman Jazieh
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:954
    Content type: Research Published on:

  35. Abnormal activation of the coagulation system has been reported in patients with malignancies, but its prognostic significance in biliary tract cancer (BTC) remains unclear. This study aims to analyze and comp...

    Authors: Xindi Ke, Bao Jin, Wen You, Yang Chen, Haifeng Xu, Haitao Zhao, Xin Lu, Xinting Sang, Shouxian Zhong, Huayu Yang, Yilei Mao and Shunda Du
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:953
    Content type: Research Published on:

  36. Cervical cancer (CC) incidence remains unacceptably high in Côte d’Ivoire. In an effort to prevent this malignant condition, a national CC screening program has been scaled up in the country. This study aimed ...

    Authors: Simon P. Boni, Franck Gnahatin, Jean-Claude Comoé, Boris Tchounga, Didier Ekouevi, Apollinaire Horo, Innocent Adoubi and Antoine Jaquet
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:952
    Content type: Research Published on:

  37. The gasdermin E gene (GSDME, also known as DFNA5) is mutated in familial aging-related hearing loss. Recent studies have also revealed that the expression of DFNA5 is suppressed in many cancer types; however, lit...

    Authors: Zhiguo Liu, Hongyan Liu, Qian Dong, Hongyu Li, Bin Zhang, Yufeng Liu, Limei Zhong and Haikuo Tang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:951
    Content type: Research Published on:

  38. Neuroblastoma (NB) is one of the most frequently diagnosed tumors in infants. NB is a neuroendocrine tumor type with various characteristics and features, and with diverse outcome. The most malignant NBs have ...

    Authors: Arman Romiani, Johan Spetz, Emman Shubbar, Dan E. Lind, Bengt Hallberg, Ruth H. Palmer and Eva Forssell-Aronsson
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:950
    Content type: Research Published on:

  40. Saskatchewan has one of the highest incidence of prostate cancer (PCa) in Canada. This study assesses if geographic factors in Saskatchewan, including location of where patients live and physician density are ...

    Authors: Mustafa Andkhoie and Michael Szafron
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:948
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. Although chemotherapy for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) has improved, the standard chemotherapy regimens for patients with RAS wild-type mCRC remain debated. This study aimed to compare S-1 and oxaliplat...

    Authors: Yujiro Nishizawa, Naotsugu Haraguchi, Hirotoshi Kim, Yoshihito Ide, Ken Nakata, Shu Okamura, Toshihiro Kudo, Taroh Satoh, Mamoru Uemura, Chu Matsuda, Tsunekazu Mizushima, Kohei Murata, Yuichiro Doki and Hidetoshi Eguchi
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:947
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. In patients with average risk of bleeding, second-look endoscopy does not reportedly reduce bleeding after gastric endoscopic submucosal dissection. However, effectiveness of second-look endoscopy for patients...

    Authors: Takeshi Uozumi, Tetsuya Sumiyoshi, Yusuke Tomita, Kaho Tokuchi, Hiroya Sakano, Masahiro Yoshida, Ryoji Fujii, Takeyoshi Minagawa, Yutaka Okagawa, Kotaro Morita, Kei Yane, Hideyuki Ihara, Michiaki Hirayama and Hitoshi Kondo
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:946
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Genomic profiles of specific gene sets have been established to guide personalized treatment and prognosis for patients with breast cancer (BC). However, epigenomic information has not yet been applied in a cl...

    Authors: Yang-Hong Dai, Ying-Fu Wang, Po-Chien Shen, Cheng-Hsiang Lo, Jen-Fu Yang, Chun-Shu Lin, Hsing-Lung Chao and Wen-Yen Huang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:945
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Proton beam therapy (PBT) is a new-emerging cancer treatment in China but its treatment costs are high and not yet covered by Chinese public medical insurance. The advanced form of PBT, intensity-modulated pro...

    Authors: Guo Li, Yun-Fei Xia, Yi-Xiang Huang, Deniz Okat, Bo Qiu, Jerome Doyen, Pierre-Yves Bondiau, Karen Benezery, Jin Gao and Chao-Nan Qian
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:944
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. The effective treatment and prognosis prediction of bladder cancer (BLCA) remains a medical problem. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of programmed cell death. Ferroptosis is closely related to tumour occ...

    Authors: Yingchun Liang, Fangdie Ye, Chenyang Xu, Lujia Zou, Yun Hu, Jimeng Hu and Haowen Jiang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:943
    Content type: Research Published on:

  46. The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) reflects immunonutritional status. We evaluated the effects of postoperative PNI and perioperative changes in the PNI on overall survival (OS) in glioblastoma (GBM) patie...

    Authors: Yoon Jung Kim, Hyongmin Oh, Sang Jin Lee, Kyung-Min Kim, Ho Kang, Chul-Kee Park and Hee-Pyoung Park
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:942
    Content type: Research Published on:

  47. It is known that one of the reasons for the increased incidence of hematological malignancies is caused by the growth of multiple myeloma (MM). Worldwide, approximately 159,985 new cases of MM are diagnosed re...

    Authors: Narine Ghazaryan, Samvel Danelyan, Samvel Bardakhchyan, Anahit Saharyan and Lusine Sahakyan
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:941
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. Radiation therapy (RT) plays a key role in curative-intent treatment for locally advanced lung cancer. Radiation induced pulmonary toxicity can be significant for some patients and becomes a limiting factor fo...

    Authors: Azza Ahmed Khalil, Eric Hau, Val Gebski, Cai Grau, Harriet Gee, Tine Bisballe Nyeng, Katrina West, Stine Kramer, David Farlow, Marianne Knap, Ditte Sloth Møller, Lone Hoffmann and Katherina P. Farr
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:940
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  49. Microparticles (MPs) are extracellular vesicles that are associated with cancer development and progression. Advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) still shows disease progression after multiple lines of ...

    Authors: Tingting Liu, Jiang Wang, Tao Li, Pengfei Cui, Baicun Hou, Chunxiao Zhuang, Ge Wei, Sujie Zhang, Hongxia Li and Yi Hu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2021 21:939
    Content type: Research Published on:

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