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  1. Hedgehog (HH) signaling is critical for the expansion of granule neuron precursors (GNPs) within the external granular layer (EGL) during cerebellar development. Aberrant HH signaling within GNPs is thought to...

    Authors: Joseph R Cohen, Daniel Z Resnick, Pawel Niewiadomski, Hongmei Dong, Linda M Liau and James A Waschek
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:676
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Cancer chemotherapy is frequently associated with a decline in general physical condition, exercise tolerance, and muscle strength and with an increase in fatigue. While accumulating evidence suggests that phy...

    Authors: Hanna van Waart, Martijn M Stuiver, Wim H van Harten, Gabe S Sonke and Neil K Aaronson
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:673
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  4. Aldo-keto reductase (AKR) 1C family member 3 (AKR1C3), one of four identified human AKR1C enzymes, catalyzes steroid, prostaglandin, and xenobiotic metabolism. In the prostate, AKR1C3 is up-regulated in locali...

    Authors: Mikhail G Dozmorov, Joseph T Azzarello, Jonathan D Wren, Kar-Ming Fung, Qing Yang, Jeffrey S Davis, Robert E Hurst, Daniel J Culkin, Trevor M Penning and Hsueh-Kung Lin
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:672
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. The use of high-dose chemotherapy combined with autologous stem cell transplantation has improved the outcome of hematologic malignancies. Nevertheless, this treatment can cause persistent fatigue and a reduce...

    Authors: Saskia Persoon, Marie José Kersten, Mai JM ChinAPaw, Laurien M Buffart, Heleen Burghout, Goof Schep, Johannes Brug and Frans Nollet
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:671
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  6. Genome-wide association studies and subsequent replication studies have shown that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the chromosomal region 8q24 are associated with colorectal cancer susceptibility.

    Authors: Carolyn M Hutter, Martha L Slattery, David J Duggan, Jill Muehling, Karen Curtin, Li Hsu, Shirley AA Beresford, Aleksandar Rajkovic, Gloria E Sarto, James R Marshall, Nazik Hammad, Robert Wallace, Karen W Makar, Ross L Prentice, Bette J Caan, John D Potter…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:670
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. A novel series of methylene-substituted DIMs (C-DIMs), namely 1,1-bis(3'-indolyl)-1-(p-substituted phenyl)methanes containing t-butyl (DIM-C-pPhtBu) and phenyl (DIM-C-pPhC6H5) groups inhibit proliferation of i...

    Authors: Kathy Vanderlaag, Yunpeng Su, Arthur E Frankel, Robert C Burghardt, Rola Barhoumi, Gayathri Chadalapaka, Indira Jutooru and Stephen Safe
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:669
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Activating transcription factor-3 (ATF3) is involved in the complex process of cellular stress response. However, its exact role in cancer is discussed controversially because both tumor suppressive and oncoge...

    Authors: Christina Hackl, Sven A Lang, Christian Moser, Akira Mori, Stefan Fichtner-Feigl, Claus Hellerbrand, Wolfgang Dietmeier, Hans J Schlitt, Edward K Geissler and Oliver Stoeltzing
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:668
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. In this era of molecular targeting therapy when various systematic treatments can be selected, prognostic biomarkers are required for the purpose of risk-directed therapy selection. Numerous reports of various...

    Authors: Kazuhiro Namura, Ryogo Minamimoto, Masahiro Yao, Kazuhide Makiyama, Takayuki Murakami, Futoshi Sano, Narihiko Hayashi, Ukihide Tateishi, Hanako Ishigaki, Takeshi Kishida, Takeshi Miura, Kazuki Kobayashi, Sumio Noguchi, Tomio Inoue, Yoshinobu Kubota and Noboru Nakaigawa
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:667
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. The presence of circulating tumor cells (CTC) in the peripheral blood of cancer patients has been described for various solid tumors and their clinical relevance has been shown. CTC detection based on the anal...

    Authors: Eva Obermayr, Fatima Sanchez-Cabo, Muy-Kheng M Tea, Christian F Singer, Michael Krainer, Michael B Fischer, Jalid Sehouli, Alexander Reinthaller, Reinhard Horvat, Georg Heinze, Dan Tong and Robert Zeillinger
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:666
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have garnered an extraordinary amount of interest in cancer research due to their role in tumor progression. By activating the production of several biological factors, TLRs induce t...

    Authors: Salomé González-Reyes, Laura Marín, Lucía González, Luis O González, José M del Casar, Maria L Lamelas, José M González-Quintana and Francisco J Vizoso
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:665
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Although the invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is the second most frequent histologic subtype in Western countries, its incidence is much lower in Asia, and its characteristics are less well known.

    Authors: So-Youn Jung, Junsoo Jeong, Seung-Ho Shin, Youngmee Kwon, Eun-A Kim, Kyoung Lan Ko, Kyung Hwan Shin, Keun Seok Lee, In Hae Park, Seeyoun Lee, Seok Won Kim, Han-Sung Kang and Jungsil Ro
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:664
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. The internet portal http://​www.​brustkrebs-studien.​de (BKS) was launched in 2000 by the German Society of Senology (DGS) and the Baden-Württemberg Insti...

    Authors: Markus Wallwiener, Christian W Wallwiener, Sara Y Brucker, Andreas D Hartkopf, Tanja N Fehm and Julia K Kansy
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:663
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. Accurate staging of colorectal cancer (CRC) with clinicopathological parameters is important for predicting prognosis and guiding treatment but provides no information about organ site of metastases. Patterns ...

    Authors: Sjoerd C Bruin, Christiaan Klijn, Gerrit-Jan Liefers, Linde M Braaf, Simon A Joosse, Eric H van Beers, Victor J Verwaal, Hans Morreau, Lodewyk F Wessels, Marie-Louise F van Velthuysen, Rob AEM Tollenaar and Laura J van't Veer
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:662
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is an alternative treatment modality for patients with glioma. The aim of this study was to determine whether induction of apoptosis contributes to the main therapeutic eff...

    Authors: Peng Wang, Haining Zhen, Xinbiao Jiang, Wei Zhang, Xin Cheng, Geng Guo, Xinggang Mao and Xiang Zhang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:661
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitor therapy is now approved for treatment of metastatic colorectal carcinomas (CRC) in patients with tumors lacking KRAS mutations. Several procedures to detect KRAS mutatio...

    Authors: Magnus Sundström, Karolina Edlund, Monica Lindell, Bengt Glimelius, Helgi Birgisson, Patrick Micke and Johan Botling
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:660
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Angiogenesis is important in the growth and metastasis of various kinds of solid tumors, including gastric cancers. The angiogenic process is triggered by several key growth factors, including vascular endothe...

    Authors: Shioto Suzuki, Yoh Dobashi, Yayoi Hatakeyama, Ryosuke Tajiri, Takashi Fujimura, Carl H Heldin and Akishi Ooi
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:659
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Preliminary studies suggest that physical exercise interventions can improve physical fitness, fatigue and quality of life in cancer patients after completion of chemotherapy. Additional research is needed to ...

    Authors: Caroline S Kampshoff, Laurien M Buffart, Goof Schep, Willem van Mechelen, Johannes Brug and Mai JM Chinapaw
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:658
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  19. Coiled-coil domain containing 115 (Ccdc115) or coiled coil protein-1 (ccp1) was previously identified as a downstream gene of Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 (FGF2) highly expressed in embryonic and adult brain. Ho...

    Authors: Francesca Pellicano, Rachel E Thomson, Gareth J Inman and Tomoko Iwata
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:657
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. the study was designed to determine how tumour hormone receptor status affects the subsequent pattern over time (dynamics) of breast cancer recurrence and death following conservative primary breast cancer res...

    Authors: Romano Demicheli, Ilaria Ardoino, Patrizia Boracchi, Danila Coradini, Roberto Agresti, Cristina Ferraris, Massimiliano Gennaro, William JM Hrushesky and Elia Biganzoli
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:656
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. The five-year survival rates for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) patients are less than 50%, and the prognosis has not improved, despite advancements in standard multi-modality therapies. Hence m...

    Authors: Muzafar A Macha, Ajay Matta, SS Chauhan, KW Michael Siu and Ranju Ralhan
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:655
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. Basal-like breast cancers (BLBC) are aggressive breast cancers for which, so far, no targeted therapy is available because they typically lack expression of hormone receptors and HER2. Phenotypic features of B...

    Authors: Henne Holstege, Hugo M Horlings, Arno Velds, Anita Langerød, Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale, Marc J van de Vijver, Petra M Nederlof and Jos Jonkers
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:654
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Microarray gene-profiling of invasive breast cancer has identified different subtypes including luminal A, luminal B, HER2-overexpressing and basal-like groups. Basal-like invasive breast cancer is associated ...

    Authors: Wenjing Zhou, Karin Jirström, Christine Johansson, Rose-Marie Amini, Carl Blomqvist, Olorunsola Agbaje and Fredrik Wärnberg
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:653
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. Transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) receptor signaling is closely associated with the invasion ability of gastric cancer cells. Although Smad signal is a critical integrator of TGFβ receptor signaling transduc...

    Authors: Osamu Shinto, Masakazu Yashiro, Takahiro Toyokawa, Takafumi Nishii, Ryoji Kaizaki, Taro Matsuzaki, Satoru Noda, Naoshi Kubo, Hiroaki Tanaka, Yosuke Doi, Masaichi Ohira, Kazuya Muguruma, Tetsuji Sawada and Kosei Hirakawa
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:652
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Primary treatment of carcinoma of the oro-/hypopharynx or larynx may consist of combined platinum-containing chemoradiotherapy. In order to improve clinical outcome (i.e. local control/overall survival), combi...

    Authors: Gregor Habl, Alexandra D Jensen, Karin Potthoff, Matthias Uhl, Holger Hof, Jacek Hajda, Christian Simon, Jürgen Debus, Robert Krempien and Marc W Münter
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:651
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  26. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a major risk factor for the development of nearly all cases of cervical cancer worldwide. The presence of HPV DNA in cases of esophageal squamous-cell carcinoma (ESCC) h...

    Authors: Donghong Zhang, Qingying Zhang, Li Zhou, Leijun Huo, Yi Zhang, Zhongying Shen and Yi Zhu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:650
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. The DLX gene family encodes for homeobox transcription factors involved in the control of morphogenesis and tissue homeostasis. Their expression can be regulated by Endothelin1 (ET1), a peptide associated with br...

    Authors: Monica Morini, Simonetta Astigiano, Yorick Gitton, Laura Emionite, Valentina Mirisola, Giovanni Levi and Ottavia Barbieri
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:649
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Weight change during chemotherapy is reported to be associated with a worse prognosis in breast cancer patients, both with weight gain and weight loss. However, most studies were conducted prior to the common ...

    Authors: Emilie Thivat, Sophie Thérondel, Olivier Lapirot, Catherine Abrial, Pierre Gimbergues, Emilie Gadéa, Eloïse Planchat, Fabrice Kwiatkowski, Marie A Mouret-Reynier, Philippe Chollet and Xavier Durando
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:648
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. uPAR and MMP-9, which play critical roles in tumor cell invasion, migration and angiogenesis, have been shown to be associated with lipid rafts.

    Authors: Hari Raghu, Prasanna Kumar Sodadasu, Rama Rao Malla, Christopher S Gondi, Norman Estes and Jasti S Rao
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:647
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. Identification of urinary biomarkers for detection of bladder cancer recurrence would be beneficial to minimize the frequency of cystoscopy. Our objective was to determine the usability of urine content of mRN...

    Authors: Anne Sofie Brems-Eskildsen, Karsten Zieger, Helle Toldbod, Cherie Holcomb, Russell Higuchi, Francisco Mansilla, Pia P Munksgaard, Michael Borre, Torben F Ørntoft and Lars Dyrskjøt
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:646
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Staging of B-cell non Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) routinely involves bone marrow (BM) examination by trephine biopsy (BM-TB). The evidence of disease in the BM-TB results in a clinical stage IV classification aff...

    Authors: Patrizia Mancuso, Angelica Calleri, Pierluigi Antoniotti, Jessica Quarna, Giancarlo Pruneri and Francesco Bertolini
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:644
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Ovarian carcinoma represents about 4% of all cancers diagnosed in women worldwide. Mortality rate is high, over 50%, mainly due to late diagnosis. Currently there are no acceptable screening techniques availab...

    Authors: György Horvath, Håkan Andersson and Gunnar Paulsson
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:643
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. The use of chemotherapy regimens with moderate or high risk of febrile neutropenia (defined as having a FN incidence of 10% or more) and the respective incidence and clinical management of FN in breast cancer ...

    Authors: Laetitia Gerlier, Mark Lamotte, Ahmad Awada, André Bosly, Greet Bries, Véronique Cocquyt, Christian Focan, Stéphanie Henry, Yassine Lalami, Jean-Pascal Machiels, Jeroen Mebis, Nicole Straetmans, Didier Verhoeven and Luc Somers
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:642
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. Dll4/Notch and Ephrin-B2/EphB4 pathways play critical roles in tumor vessel development and maturation. This study evaluates the efficacy of the inhibition of both signaling pathways, alone and in combination,...

    Authors: Dusan Djokovic, Alexandre Trindade, Joana Gigante, Marina Badenes, Lilliana Silva, Ren Liu, Xiuqing Li, Ming Gong, Valery Krasnoperov, Parkash S Gill and Antonio Duarte
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:641
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Survival time for lung cancer is poor with over 90% of patients dying within five years of diagnosis primarily due to detection at late stage. The main objective of this study was to evaluate Fourier transform...

    Authors: Paul D Lewis, Keir E Lewis, Robin Ghosal, Sion Bayliss, Amanda J Lloyd, John Wills, Ruth Godfrey, Philip Kloer and Luis AJ Mur
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:640
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Conflicting data exist regarding the prognostic and predictive impact of survivin (BIRC5) in breast cancer. We previously reported survivin cytoplasmic-to-nuclear ratio (CNR) as an independent prognostic indic...

    Authors: Elton Rexhepaj, Karin Jirstrom, Darran P O'Connor, Sallyann L O'Brien, Goran Landberg, Michael J Duffy, Donal J Brennan and William M Gallagher
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:639
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. Glucocorticoids (GCs) cause apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in lymphoid cells and constitute a central component in the therapy of lymphoid malignancies, most notably childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (AL...

    Authors: Michela Carlet, Kristina Janjetovic, Johannes Rainer, Stefan Schmidt, Renate Panzer-Grümayer, Georg Mann, Martina Prelog, Bernhard Meister, Christian Ploner and Reinhard Kofler
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:638
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) administered via a helical tomotherapy (HT) system is an effective modality for treating lung cancer and metastatic liver tumors. Whether SBRT delivered via HT is a f...

    Authors: Chen-Hsi Hsieh, Ming-Chow Wei, Yao-Peng Hsu, Ngot-Swan Chong, Yu-Jen Chen, Sheng-Mou Hsiao, Yen-Ping Hsieh, Li-Ying Wang and Pei-Wei Shueng
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:637
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  41. We have previously shown that a panel of kallikrein markers - total prostate-specific antigen (PSA), free PSA, intact PSA and human kallikrein-related peptidase 2 (hK2) - can predict the outcome of prostate bi...

    Authors: Amine Benchikh, Caroline Savage, Angel Cronin, Gilles Salama, Arnauld Villers, Hans Lilja and Andrew Vickers
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:635
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Rhabdoid Tumors (RTs) are highly aggressive pediatric malignancies with poor prognosis. There are currently no standard or effective treatments for RTs in part because treatments are not designed to specifical...

    Authors: Velasco Cimica, Melissa E Smith, Zhikai Zhang, Deepti Mathur, Sridhar Mani and Ganjam V Kalpana
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:634
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. To compare the activity and toxicity of docetaxel/carboplatin (DC) doublet vs single agent docetaxel (D) as second-line treatment in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

    Authors: Athanasios G Pallis, Sophia Agelaki, Athina Agelidou, Ioannis Varthalitis, Kostas Syrigos, Nikolaos Kentepozidis, Georgia Pavlakou, Athanasios Kotsakis, Emmanouel Kontopodis and Vassilis Georgoulias
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:633
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Non-small-cell lung carcinomas (NSCLCs) exhibit poor prognosis and are usually resistant to conventional chemotherapy. Absence of p21WAF1/CIP1, a cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) inhibitor, has been linked to dru...

    Authors: Junxia Wei, Jiang Zhao, Min Long, Yuan Han, Xi Wang, Fang Lin, Jihong Ren, Ting He and Huizhong Zhang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:632
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. Advanced biliary tract carcinomas (BTCs) have poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Therefore, it is crucial to combine standard therapies with molecular targeting. In this study EGFR, HER2, and thei...

    Authors: Ymera Pignochino, Ivana Sarotto, Caterina Peraldo-Neia, Junia Y Penachioni, Giuliana Cavalloni, Giorgia Migliardi, Laura Casorzo, Giovanna Chiorino, Mauro Risio, Alberto Bardelli, Massimo Aglietta and Francesco Leone
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:631
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. The peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) subgroup of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily is activated by a variety of natural and synthetic ligands. PPARs can heterodimerize with retinoid X r...

    Authors: Ji Seung Han and David L Crowe
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:629
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. Combining gene expression microarrays and high resolution magic angle spinning magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HR MAS MRS) of the same tissue samples enables comparison of the transcriptional and metabolic pr...

    Authors: Eldrid Borgan, Beathe Sitter, Ole Christian Lingjærde, Hilde Johnsen, Steinar Lundgren, Tone F Bathen, Therese Sørlie, Anne-Lise Børresen-Dale and Ingrid S Gribbestad
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:628
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. The simplicity and potential of minimal invasive testing using serum from patients make auto-antibody based biomarkers a very promising tool for use in diagnostics of cancer and auto-immune disease. Although s...

    Authors: René Stempfer, Parvez Syed, Klemens Vierlinger, Rudolf Pichler, Eckart Meese, Petra Leidinger, Nicole Ludwig, Albert Kriegner, Christa Nöhammer and Andreas Weinhäusel
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:627
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. Inducible cyclooxgenase-2 (COX-2) is commonly overexpressed in breast tumors and is a target for cancer therapy. Here, we studied the association of COX-2 with breast cancer survival and how this association i...

    Authors: Sharon A Glynn, Robyn L Prueitt, Lisa A Ridnour, Brenda J Boersma, Tiffany M Dorsey, David A Wink, Julie E Goodman, Harris G Yfantis, Dong H Lee and Stefan Ambs
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2010 10:626
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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