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  1. Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) belongs to the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) family of proteins. BMPs regulate cell proliferation, differentiation and motility, and have also been reported to be inv...

    Authors: Minna Ampuja, Riikka Jokimäki, Kati Juuti-Uusitalo, Alejandra Rodriguez-Martinez, Emma-Leena Alarmo and Anne Kallioniemi
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:429
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Somatostatin analogues (SSAs) are indicated to relieve carcinoid syndrome but seem to have antiproliferative effects on neuroendocrine tumours (NETs). This is the first prospective study investigating tumour s...

    Authors: Marta Martín-Richard, Bartomeu Massutí, Eva Pineda, Vicente Alonso, Maribel Marmol, Daniel Castellano, Emilio Fonseca, Antonio Galán, Marta Llanos, Maria Angeles Sala, Carlos Pericay, Fernando Rivera, Javier Sastre, Ángel Segura, Maria Quindós and Pascal Maisonobe
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:427
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Adjuvant endocrine therapy can improve disease-free survival and time before recurrence in breast cancer patients. However, it is associated with considerable side effects that negatively affect patients’ quality...

    Authors: Pia von Blanckenburg, Franziska Schuricht, Ute-Susann Albert, Winfried Rief and Yvonne Nestoriuc
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:426
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  4. The role of estrogen receptor beta (ER-β) in breast cancer (BC) remains unclear. Some studies have suggested that ER-β may oppose the actions of estrogen receptor alpha (ER-α), and clinical evidence has indica...

    Authors: Marcelo Madeira, André Mattar, Ângela Flávia Logullo, Fernando Augusto Soares and Luiz Henrique Gebrim
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:425
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Disruption of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling pathway is observed in many cancers, including cervical cancer, resulting in TGF-β resistance. While normal human keratinocytes (HKc) and hum...

    Authors: Diego Altomare, Rupa Velidandla, Lucia Pirisi and Kim E Creek
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:424
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. This manuscript evaluates whether specific symptoms, a symptom index (SI), CA125 and HE4 can help identify women with malignant tumors in the group of women with adnexal masses previously diagnosed with ultras...

    Authors: Denise da Rocha Pitta, Luis Otávio Sarian, Amilcar Barreta, Elisabete Aparecida Campos, Liliana Lucci de Angelo Andrade, Ana Maria Dias Fachini, Leonardo Martins Campbell and Sophie Derchain
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:423
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Epithelial ovarian cancer is one of the most lethal gynecologic malignancies. Clinicopathological factors do not permit precise prognosis and cannot provide guidance to specific treatments. In this study we as...

    Authors: Anna Bachmayr-Heyda, Stefanie Aust, Georg Heinze, Stephan Polterauer, Christoph Grimm, Elena Ioana Braicu, Jalid Sehouli, Sandrina Lambrechts, Ignace Vergote, Sven Mahner, Dietmar Pils, Eva Schuster, Theresia Thalhammer, Reinhard Horvat, Carsten Denkert, Robert Zeillinger…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:422
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) play an important role in tumor microenvironment. Particularly, M2 macrophages contribute to tumor progression, depending on the expression of NF-κB. Tumor-derived exosomes c...

    Authors: Ji-Young Jang, Jong-Kuen Lee, Yoon-Kyung Jeon and Chul-Woo Kim
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:421
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Treatment options for patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer include surgery, chemotherapy as well as radiotherapy. In many cases, surgical resection is not possible, and therefore treatment alternat...

    Authors: Stephanie E Combs, Daniel Habermehl, Meinhard Kieser, Constantin Dreher, Jens Werner, Renate Haselmann, Oliver Jäkel, Dirk Jäger, Markus W Büchler and Jürgen Debus
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:419
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  11. The major obstacles to the successful use of individual nutritional compounds as preventive or therapeutic agents are their efficacy and bioavailability. One approach to overcoming this problem is to use combi...

    Authors: Rafat A Siddiqui, Kevin A Harvey, Candace Walker, Jeffrey Altenburg, Zhidong Xu, Colin Terry, Ignacio Camarillo, Yava Jones-Hall and Cary Mariash
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:418
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy (RCT) is now part of the armamentarium of cancer of the lower and middle rectum. It is recommended in current clinical practice prior to surgical excision if the lesion is classif...

    Authors: Jérémie H Lefevre, Alexandra Rousseau, Magali Svrcek, Yann Parc, Tabassome Simon and Emmanuel Tiret
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:417
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  13. The prognosis of pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the poorest among all cancers, due largely to the lack of methods for screening and early detection. New biomarkers for identifying high-risk or early-stage su...

    Authors: Shawn A Ritchie, Hirofumi Akita, Ichiro Takemasa, Hidetoshi Eguchi, Elodie Pastural, Hiroaki Nagano, Morito Monden, Yuichiro Doki, Masaki Mori, Wei Jin, Tolulope T Sajobi, Dushmanthi Jayasinghe, Bassirou Chitou, Yasuyo Yamazaki, Thayer White and Dayan B Goodenowe
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:416
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. Circulating tumour cells (CTC) are receiving increasing attention as prognostic, predictive and pharmacodynamic biomarkers in cancer patients. However, their clinical significance can be dependent on an accura...

    Authors: Jeffrey Cummings, Karen Morris, Cong Zhou, Robert Sloane, Matt Lancashire, Daniel Morris, Stephen Bramley, Matt Krebs, Leila Khoja and Caroline Dive
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:415
    Content type: Technical advance Published on:

  15. Approximately 20–30% of patients with cancer experience a clinically relevant level of emotional distress in response to disease and treatment. This in itself is alarming but it is even more problematic becaus...

    Authors: Susanne Mattsson, Sven Alfonsson, Maria Carlsson, Peter Nygren, Erik Olsson and Birgitta Johansson
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:414
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  16. Malignant mesotheliomas (MMs) are chemoresistant tumors related to exposure to asbestos fibers. The long latency period of MM (30-40 yrs) and heterogeneity of tumor presentation make MM difficult to diagnose a...

    Authors: Sherrill L Macura, Jeremy L Steinbacher, Maximilian B MacPherson, Melissa J Lathrop, Mutlay Sayan, Jedd M Hillegass, Stacie L Beuschel, Timothy N Perkins, Page C Spiess, Albert van der Vliet, Kelly J Butnor, Arti Shukla, Marilyn Wadsworth, Christopher C Landry and Brooke T Mossman
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:400
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. To identify predictors of long-term outcome for patients with clinical complete response (cCR) after definite chemoradiotherapy (CRT) or radiation therapy (RT) for oesophageal cancer (EC).

    Authors: Antoine Adenis, Emmanuelle Tresch, Sylvain Dewas, Olivier Romano, Mathieu Messager, Eric Amela, Stéphanie Clisant, Andrew Kramar, Christophe Mariette and Xavier Mirabel
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:413
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide and a leading cause of cancer related death. Although the mortality rate of CRC is decreasing, finding novel targets for its therapy remains ...

    Authors: Xing-Hua Liang, Ling-ling Li, Geng-Gang Wu, Yi-Cheng Xie, Guang-Xian Zhang, Wei Chen, Hai-Feng Yang, Qi-Long Liu, Wen-Hong Li, Wen-guang He, Yan-Nian Huang and Xian-Cheng Zeng
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:412
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Matrix metalloproteases and collagen are key participants in breast cancer, but their precise roles in cancer etiology and progression remain unclear. MMP13 helps regulate collagen structure and has been ascri...

    Authors: Seth W Perry, Jill M Schueckler, Kathleen Burke, Giuseppe L Arcuri and Edward B Brown
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:411
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Molecular biomarkers are essential for monitoring treatment effects, predicting prognosis, and improving survival rate in oral squamous cell carcinoma. This study sought to verify the effectiveness of two inte...

    Authors: Masaki Nagata, Arhab A Noman, Kenji Suzuki, Hiroshi Kurita, Makoto Ohnishi, Tokio Ohyama, Nobutaka Kitamura, Takanori Kobayashi, Kohya Uematsu, Katsu Takahashi, Naoki Kodama, Tomoyuki Kawase, Hideyuki Hoshina, Nobuyuki Ikeda, Susumu Shingaki and Ritsuo Takagi
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:410
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. Breast cancer is the leading malignant disease among western women with incidence increasing over time. High mammographic density is a well-established risk factor for breast cancer. We explored trends in mamm...

    Authors: Sophie Sell Hellmann, Elsebeth Lynge, Walter Schwartz, Ilse Vejborg and Sisse Helle Njor
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:409
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. Prostate cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer related deaths. For diagnosis, predicting the outcome of the disease, and for assessing potential new biomarkers, pathologists and researchers routinely a...

    Authors: Giuseppe Lippolis, Anders Edsjö, Leszek Helczynski, Anders Bjartell and Niels Chr Overgaard
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:408
    Content type: Technical advance Published on:

  23. It is known that suboptimal adherence rates may affect endocrine treatments for breast cancer, but little information has been reported whether any efforts to improve treatment adherence have been successful. ...

    Authors: Volker Ziller, Ioannis Kyvernitakis, Dana Knöll, Astrid Storch, Olaf Hars and Peyman Hadji
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:407
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. Melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) gene variants are very common and are associated with melanoma risk, but their contribution to melanoma risk prediction compared with traditional risk factors is unknown. We aimed t...

    Authors: Anne E Cust, Chris Goumas, Kylie Vuong, John R Davies, Jennifer H Barrett, Elizabeth A Holland, Helen Schmid, Chantelle Agha-Hamilton, Bruce K Armstrong, Richard F Kefford, Joanne F Aitken, Graham G Giles, D Timothy Bishop, Julia A Newton-Bishop, John L Hopper, Graham J Mann…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:406
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Retrospective analyses in the West suggest that mutations in KRAS codons 61 and 146, BRAF, NRAS, and PIK3CA are negative predictive factors for cetuximab treatment in colorectal cancer patients. We developed a no...

    Authors: Hideaki Bando, Takayuki Yoshino, Eiji Shinozaki, Tomohiro Nishina, Kentaro Yamazaki, Kensei Yamaguchi, Satoshi Yuki, Shinya Kajiura, Satoshi Fujii, Takeharu Yamanaka, Katsuya Tsuchihara and Atsushi Ohtsu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:405
    Content type: Technical advance Published on:

  26. The identification of new serum biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity is an important priority in pancreatic cancer research. Through an extensive proteomics analysis of pancreatic cancer cell lines...

    Authors: Shalini Makawita, Apostolos Dimitromanolakis, Antoninus Soosaipillai, Ireena Soleas, Alison Chan, Steven Gallinger, Randy S Haun, Ivan M Blasutig and Eleftherios P Diamandis
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:404
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer deaths. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), an immunophenotype defined by the absence of immunolabeling for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor ...

    Authors: David A Wiese, Tuddow Thaiwong, Vilma Yuzbasiyan-Gurkan and Matti Kiupel
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:403
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Although implementation of temozolomide (TMZ) as a part of primary therapy for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) has resulted in improved patient survival, the disease is still incurable. Previous studies have cor...

    Authors: Signe Regner Michaelsen, Ib Jarle Christensen, Kirsten Grunnet, Marie-Thérése Stockhausen, Helle Broholm, Michael Kosteljanetz and Hans Skovgaard Poulsen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:402
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. Premature discontinuation of aromatase inhibitors (AIs) in breast cancer survivors compromises treatment outcomes. We aimed to evaluate whether patient-reported joint pain predicts premature discontinuation of...

    Authors: Kannie Chim, Sharon X Xie, Carrie T Stricker, Qing S Li, Robert Gross, John T Farrar, Angela DeMichele and Jun J Mao
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:401
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. The septin 9 gene (SEPT9) codes for a GTP-binding protein associated with filamentous structures and cytoskeleton formation. SEPT9 plays a role in multiple cancers as either an oncogene or a tumor suppressor g...

    Authors: Reinhold Wasserkort, Alexandra Kalmar, Gabor Valcz, Sandor Spisak, Manuel Krispin, Kinga Toth, Zsolt Tulassay, Andrew Z Sledziewski and Bela Molnar
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:398
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. To identify the radiation volume effect and significant dosimetric parameters for temporal lobe injury (TLI) and determine the radiation dose tolerance of the temporal lobe (TL) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NP...

    Authors: Ying Sun, Guan-Qun Zhou, Zhen-Yu Qi, Li Zhang, Shao-Min Huang, Li-Zhi Liu, Li Li, Ai-Hua Lin and Jun Ma
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:397
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. In recent decades it has been noted that trained dogs can detect specific odor molecules emitted by cancer cells. We have shown that the same odor can also be detected in the patient’s blood with high sensitiv...

    Authors: György Horvath, Håkan Andersson and Szilárd Nemes
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:396
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. Physical inactivity and overweight are two known risk factors for postmenopausal breast cancer. Former exercise intervention studies showed that physical activity influences sex hormone levels, known to be rel...

    Authors: Willemijn AM van Gemert, Jolein I Iestra, Albertine J Schuit, Anne M May, Tim Takken, Wouter B Veldhuis, Job van der Palen, Harriët Wittink, Petra HM Peeters and Evelyn M Monninkhof
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:395
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  35. Due to improved survival rate, gastric cancer (GC) patients have an increased risk of developing multiple primary cancer (MPC). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinicopathological features of MPC ...

    Authors: Chan Kim, Hong Jae Chon, Beodeul Kang, Kiyeol Kim, Hei-Cheul Jeung, Hyun Cheol Chung, Sung Hoon Noh and Sun Young Rha
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:394
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. A lot of empirical studies have been conducted to evaluate the prevalence of depression and anxiety among Chinese adults with cancer. We aimed to conduct a meta-analysis in order to evaluate the prevalence and...

    Authors: Yi-Long Yang, Li Liu, Yang Wang, Hui Wu, Xiao-Shi Yang, Jia-Na Wang and Lie Wang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:393
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. The present study aimed to elucidate the clinicopathologic role of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) and IGF binding protein-3 (IGFBP3) in patients with pancreatic cancer. The function of IGFBP3 is...

    Authors: Toshiki Hirakawa, Masakazu Yashiro, Akihiro Murata, Keiichiro Hirata, Kenjiro Kimura, Ryosuke Amano, Nobuya Yamada, Bunzo Nakata and Kosei Hirakawa
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:392
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR), HER2, and Ki67 have been increasingly evaluated by core needle biopsy (CNB) and are recommended for classifying breast cancer into molecular subtypes. Howev...

    Authors: Xiaosong Chen, Long Sun, Yan Mao, Siji Zhu, Jiayi Wu, Ou Huang, Yafen Li, Weiguo Chen, Jianhua Wang, Ying Yuan, Xiaochun Fei, Xiaolong Jin and Kunwei Shen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:390
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Global hypomethylation of repetitive DNA sequences is believed to occur early in tumorigenesis. There is a great interest in identifying factors that contribute to global DNA hypomethylation and associated can...

    Authors: Maki Inoue-Choi, Heather H Nelson, Kim Robien, Erland Arning, Teodoro Bottiglieri, Woon-Puay Koh and Jian-Min Yuan
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:389
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. Neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy has been proven superior to adjuvant treatment in reducing the rate of local recurrence without impairing cancer related survival or the incidence of distant metastases in standar...

    Authors: Leif Schiffmann, Gunther Klautke, Nicole Wedermann, Michael Gock, Friedrich Prall, Rainer Fietkau, Bettina Rau and Ernst Klar
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:388
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Paediatric low-grade gliomas (LGGs) encompass a heterogeneous set of tumours of different histologies, site of lesion, age and gender distribution, growth potential, morphological features, tendency to progres...

    Authors: Samantha Mascelli, Annalisa Barla, Alessandro Raso, Sofia Mosci, Paolo Nozza, Roberto Biassoni, Giovanni Morana, Martin Huber, Cristian Mircean, Daniel Fasulo, Karin Noy, Gayle Wittemberg, Sara Pignatelli, Gianluca Piatelli, Armando Cama, Maria Luisa Garré…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:387
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Lipegfilgrastim is a novel glyco-pegylated granulocyte-colony stimulating factor in development for neutropenia prophylaxis in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. This phase III, double-blind, randomized, ...

    Authors: Igor Bondarenko, Oleg A Gladkov, Reiner Elsaesser, Anton Buchner and Peter Bias
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:386
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Current guidelines recommend anthracycline-based chemotherapy primarily with doxorubicin either as monotherapy or in combination with ifosfamide as the first-line treatment for most advanced STS subtypes. Ther...

    Authors: Sheetal Sharma, Shweta Takyar, Stephanie C Manson, Sarah Powell and Nicolas Penel
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:385
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) belongs to the TNF-superfamily that induces apoptotic cell death in a wide range of neoplastic cells in vivo as well as in vitro. We identified two alternative TRAIL-...

    Authors: Andreas Krieg, Sabrina Mersch, Nadine Wolf, Nikolas H Stoecklein, Pablo E Verde, Jan Schulte am Esch 2nd, Sebastian Heikaus, Helmut E Gabbert, Wolfram T Knoefel and Csaba Mahotka
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:384
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Heregulin (HRG; also known as neuregulin) is a ligand for ErbB3. One of its isotypes, HRG-β1, binds to ErbB3 and forms heterodimers with other ErbB family members, thereby enhancing the proliferation and tumor...

    Authors: Jinkyoung Kim, Hoiseon Jeong, Youngseok Lee, Chungyeul Kim, Hankyeom Kim and Aeree Kim
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:383
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Cisplatin (CDDP) resistance in testicular germ cell tumors (GCTs) is still a clinical challenge, and one associated with poor prognosis. The purpose of this work was to test pazopanib, an anti-tumoral and anti...

    Authors: Mercè Juliachs, August Vidal, Xavier Garcia del Muro, Josep M Piulats, Enric Condom, Oriol Casanovas, Mariona Graupera, Jose R Germà, Alberto Villanueva and Francesc Viñals
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:382
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. The kidneys are a principal dose-limiting organ in radiotherapy for upper abdominal cancers. The current understanding of kidney radiation dose response is rudimentary. More precise dose-volume response models...

    Authors: Juanita Lopez-Gaitan, Martin A Ebert, Peter Robins, Jan Boucek, Trevor Leong, David Willis, Sean Bydder, Peter Podias, Gemma Waters, Brenton O’Mara, Julie Chu, Jessica Faggian, Luke Williams, Michael S Hofman and Nigel A Spry
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:381
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  49. Glioblastomas are deadly cancers that display a functional cellular hierarchy maintained by self-renewing glioma stem cells (GSCs). Self-renewal is a complex biological process necessary for maintaining the gl...

    Authors: Jianhong Zhu, Handong Wang, Qing Sun, Xiangjun Ji, Lin Zhu, Zixiang Cong, Yuan Zhou, Huandong Liu and Mengliang Zhou
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:380
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Cancer 2021 21:582

  50. Primary human papilloma virus (HPV) screening is more effective than cytology in reducing the risk of cervical cancer, but screening intervals should be extended in HPV-negative women. However, some Markov mod...

    Authors: Karl Ulrich Petry, Franziska Rinnau, Gerd Böhmer, Bettina Hollwitz, Alexander Luyten, Nina Buttmann, Martin Brünger and Thomas Iftner
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:379
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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