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  1. C-reactive protein (CRP) is considered a useful serum marker for patients with RCC. However, its clinical utility in advanced metastatic renal cell carcinoma (AM-RCC), particularly in deciding whether to perfo...

    Authors: Hiroki Ito, Koichi Shioi, Takayuki Murakami, Akitoshi Takizawa, Futoshi Sano, Takashi Kawahara, Nobuhiko Mizuno, Kazuhide Makiyama, Noboru Nakaigawa, Takeshi Kishida, Takeshi Miura, Yoshinobu Kubota and Masahiro Yao
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:337
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Maspin, a putative tumor suppressor that is down-regulated in breast and prostate cancer, has been associated with decreased cell motility. Snail transcription factor is a zinc finger protein that is increased...

    Authors: Corey L Neal, Veronica Henderson, Bethany N Smith, Danielle McKeithen, Tisheeka Graham, Baohan T Vo and Valerie A Odero-Marah
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:336
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Diffusion-weighted (DW) imaging has shown potential to differentiate between malignant and benign breast lesions. However, different b values have been used with varied sensitivity and specificity. This study ...

    Authors: Xin Chen, Xi-Jing He, Rui Jin, You-Min Guo, Xian Zhao, Hua-Feng Kang, Li-Ping Mo and Qian Wu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:334
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. The metastasis-promoting protein S100A4 induces expression of ephrin-A1 and osteopontin in osteosarcoma cell lines. The aim of this study was to investigate S100A4-mediated stimulation of ephrin-A1 and osteopo...

    Authors: Ane Kongsgaard, Marius Lund-Iversen, Gisle Berge, Odd Terje Brustugun, Steinar K Solberg, Gunhild M Mælandsmo and Kjetil Boye
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:333
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Resistance to apoptosis is a hallmark of cancer and proteins regulating apoptosis have been proposed as prognostic markers in several malignancies. However, the prognostic impact of apoptotic markers has not b...

    Authors: Pinaki Bose, Alexander C Klimowicz, Elizabeth Kornaga, Stephanie K Petrillo, T Wayne Matthews, Shamir Chandarana, Anthony M Magliocco, Nigel T Brockton and Joseph C Dort
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:332
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Hyperfibrinogenemia is a common problem associated with various carcinomas, and is accompanied by hypercoagulablity. In advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) it remains unclear whether or not chemotherap...

    Authors: Jun Zhao, Mingfang Zhao, Bo Jin, Ping Yu, Xuejun Hu, Yuee Teng, Jingdong Zhang, Ying Luo, Lingyun Zhang, Shuang Zheng, Qiyin Zhou, Heming Li, Yunpeng Liu and Xiujuan Qu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:330
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Aldehyde dehydrogenases belong to a superfamily of detoxifying enzymes that protect cells from carcinogenic aldehydes. Of the superfamily, ALDH1A1 has gained most attention because current studies have shown t...

    Authors: Yu-Ting Saw, Junzheng Yang, Shu-Kay Ng, Shubai Liu, Surendra Singh, Margit Singh, William R Welch, Hiroshi Tsuda, Wing-Ping Fong, David Thompson, Vasilis Vasiliou, Ross S Berkowitz and Shu-Wing Ng
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:329
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Correct detection of bone metastases in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is pivotal for prognosis and selection of an appropriate treatment regimen. Whole-body bone scan for staging is not rout...

    Authors: Shau-Hsuan Li, Yung-Cheng Huang, Wan-Ting Huang, Wei-Che Lin, Chien-Ting Liu, Wan-Yu Tien and Hung-I Lu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:328
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Bevacizumab, a humanized antibody to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), shows clinical activity against human cancer, with its addition to standard chemotherapy having been found to improve outcome in ...

    Authors: Masayuki Takeda, Isamu Okamoto, Takeharu Yamanaka, Kazuhiko Nakagawa and Yoichi Nakanishi
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:327
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  11. Surgery is often advocated in patients with resectable pulmonary metastases from colorectal cancer (CRC). Our study aims to evaluate peri-operative chemotherapy in patients with metastastic CRC undergoing pulm...

    Authors: Eliza A Hawkes, George Ladas, David Cunningham, Andrew G Nicholson, Katharina Wassilew, Yolanda Barbachano, Gihan Ratnayake, Sheela Rao and Ian Chau
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:326
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. We recently showed that LOH proximal to M6P/IGF2R locus (D6S1581) in primary ovarian tumors is predictive for the presence of disseminated tumor cells (DTC) in the bone marrow (BM). For therapy-monitoring, it wou...

    Authors: Jan Dominik Kuhlmann, Heidi Schwarzenbach, Pauline Wimberger, Micaela Poetsch, Rainer Kimmig and Sabine Kasimir-Bauer
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:325
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed non-melanoma cancer among men. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has been the core therapy for men with advanced prostate cancer. It is only in recent years that...

    Authors: C Ellen Lee, Andrea Kilgour and YK James Lau
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:324
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  14. Although global hypomethylation of leukocyte DNA has been associated with an increased risk of several sites of cancer, including breast cancer, determinants of global methylation level among healthy individua...

    Authors: Motoki Iwasaki, Hiroe Ono, Aya Kuchiba, Yoshio Kasuga, Shiro Yokoyama, Hiroshi Onuma, Hideki Nishimura, Ritsu Kusama, Teruhiko Yoshida and Shoichiro Tsugane
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:323
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. To evaluate efficacy in patients with brain metastasis (BM) on entry into the lapatinib expanded access program (LEAP).

    Authors: Jungsil Ro, Sohee Park, Sung- Bae Kim, Tae You Kim, Young Hyuk Im, Sun Young Rha, Joo Seop Chung, Hanlim Moon and Sergio Santillana
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:322
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. Cell division cycle associated 3 (CDCA3), part of the Skp1-cullin-F-box (SCF) ubiquitin ligase, refers to a trigger of mitotic entry and mediates destruction of the mitosis inhibitory kinase. Little is known a...

    Authors: Fumihiko Uchida, Katsuhiro Uzawa, Atsushi Kasamatsu, Hiroaki Takatori, Yosuke Sakamoto, Katsunori Ogawara, Masashi Shiiba, Hideki Tanzawa and Hiroki Bukawa
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:321
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Germline BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation testing offered shortly after a breast cancer diagnosis to inform women’s treatment choices - treatment-focused genetic testing ‘TFGT’ - has entered clinical practice in speciali...

    Authors: Kaaren J Watts, Bettina Meiser, Gillian Mitchell, Judy Kirk, Christobel Saunders, Michelle Peate, Jessica Duffy, Patrick J Kelly, Margaret Gleeson, Kristine Barlow-Stewart, Belinda Rahman, Michael Friedlander and Kathy Tucker
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:320
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  18. Although blood group 0 is associated with a reduced risk of pancreatic cancer, little is known about the role of AB0 blood group antigens in disease progression. We assessed the prognostic relevance of AB0 blo...

    Authors: Nuh N Rahbari, Ulrich Bork, Ulf Hinz, Albrecht Leo, Johanna Kirchberg, Moritz Koch, Markus W Büchler and Jürgen Weitz
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:319
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Multiple myeloma (MM) is at present an incurable malignancy, characterized by apoptosis-resistant tumor cells. Interferon (IFN) treatment sensitizes MM cells to Fas-induced apoptosis and is associated with an ...

    Authors: Lina Y Dimberg, Anna Dimberg, Karolina Ivarsson, Mårten Fryknäs, Linda Rickardson, Gerard Tobin, Simon Ekman, Rolf Larsson, Urban Gullberg, Kenneth Nilsson, Fredrik Öberg and Helena Jernberg Wiklund
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:318
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Studies have revealed both higher cancer survival in the US than in Germany and substantial improvement of cancer survival in the past in these countries. This population-based study aims at comparing most rec...

    Authors: Bernd Holleczek and Hermann Brenner
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:317
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. S100A9 was originally discovered as a factor secreted by inflammatory cells. Recently, S100A9 was found to be associated with several human malignancies. The purpose of this study is to investigate S100A9 expr...

    Authors: Biao Fan, Lian-Hai Zhang, Yong-ning Jia, Xi-Yao Zhong, Yi-Qiang Liu, Xiao-Jing Cheng, Xiao-Hong Wang, Xiao-Fang Xing, Ying Hu, Ying-Ai Li, Hong Du, Wei Zhao, Zhao-Jian Niu, Ai-Ping Lu, Ji-You Li and Jia-Fu Ji
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:316
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Thromboembolism (TE) and infection are two common complications of central venous line (CVL). Thrombotic CVL-dysfunction is a common, yet less studied, complication of CVL. Two retrospective studies have repor...

    Authors: Jacqueline Halton, Kim Nagel, Leonardo R Brandão, Mariana Silva, Paul Gibson, Anthony Chan, Kay Blyth, Kim Hicks, Nagina Parmar, Leslie Paddock, Stephanie Willing, Lehana Thabane and Uma Athale
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:314
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  24. Soft tissue metastases, in particular intraneural metastasis, from any carcinomas seldom occur. To our knowledge, no case of sciatic nerve palsy due to intraneural metastasis of gastric carcinoma is reported i...

    Authors: Jiro Ichikawa, Seiichi Matsumoto, Takashi Shimoji, Taisuke Tanizawa, Tabu Gokita, Keiko Hayakawa, Kaoru Aoki, Saori Ina and Hiroaki Kanda
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:313
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  25. Although treatment regimen have improved in the last few years, prostate cancer patients following a radical prostatectomy still experience severe disease- and treatment-related side effects, including urinary...

    Authors: Eva M Zopf, Moritz Braun, Stefan Machtens, Jürgen Zumbé, Wilhelm Bloch and Freerk T Baumann
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:312
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  26. The phase 3 RECORD-1 trial (NCT00410124) established the efficacy and safety of everolimus in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) who progress on sunitinib or sorafenib. In RECORD-1, patients ...

    Authors: Andrew Stein, Wenping Wang, Alison A Carter, Ovidiu Chiparus, Norbert Hollaender, Hyewon Kim, Robert J Motzer and Celine Sarr
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:311
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is characterized by a number of diverse molecular aberrations that differ among individuals. Recent approaches to molecularly classify RCC were based on clinical, pathological as wel...

    Authors: Manfred Beleut, Philip Zimmermann, Michael Baudis, Nicole Bruni, Peter Bühlmann, Oliver Laule, Van-Duc Luu, Wilhelm Gruissem, Peter Schraml and Holger Moch
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:310
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Tumor formation is a complex process which involves constitutive activation of oncogenes and suppression of tumor suppressor genes. Receptor EphA2 and its ligand ephrin-A1 form an important cell communication ...

    Authors: Bhagyalaxmi Sukka-Ganesh, Kamal A Mohammed, Frederic Kaye, Eugene P Goldberg and Najmunnisa Nasreen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:309
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. The NeoAzure study has demonstrated that the use of the bisphosphonate zoledronic acid (Zol) in the neoadjuvant setting increases the rate of complete response in primary breast cancer and therefore indicates ...

    Authors: Tanja Fehm, Manfred Zwirner, Diethelm Wallwiener, Harald Seeger and Hans Neubauer
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:308
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. On the basis of international clinical trials, capecitabine plus cisplatin (XP) as a first-line treatment of advanced gastric cancer is considered a global standard regimen. However, the usefulness of XP as co...

    Authors: Akira Tsuburaya, Satoshi Morita, Yasuhiro Kodera, Michiya Kobayashi, Kohei Shitara, Kensei Yamaguchi, Takaki Yoshikawa, Kazuhiro Yoshida, Shigefumi Yoshino and Jun-ichi Sakamoto
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:307
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  31. Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) are alternatively activated macrophages that enhance tumor progression by promoting tumor cell invasion, migration and angiogenesis. TAMs have an anti-inflammatory function ...

    Authors: Catharina Medrek, Fredrik Pontén, Karin Jirström and Karin Leandersson
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:306
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) has emerged as a new treatment option for patients with oligometastatic disease. SABR delivers precise, high-dose, hypofractionated radiotherapy, and achieves excellen...

    Authors: David A Palma, Cornelis J A Haasbeek, George B Rodrigues, Max Dahele, Michael Lock, Brian Yaremko, Robert Olson, Mitchell Liu, Jason Panarotto, GwendolynHMJ Griffioen, Stewart Gaede, Ben Slotman and Suresh Senan
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:305
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  33. Myeloid malignant diseases comprise chronic (including myelodysplastic syndromes, myeloproliferative neoplasms and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia) and acute (acute myeloid leukemia) stages. They are clonal di...

    Authors: Anne Murati, Mandy Brecqueville, Raynier Devillier, Marie-Joelle Mozziconacci, Véronique Gelsi-Boyer and Daniel Birnbaum
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:304
    Content type: Review Published on:

  34. The advanced phases of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) are known to be more resistant to therapy. This resistance has been associated with the overexpression of ABCB1, which gives rise to the multidrug resistance ...

    Authors: Stephany Corrêa, Renata Binato, Bárbara Du Rocher, Morgana TL Castelo-Branco, Luciana Pizzatti and Eliana Abdelhay
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:303
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. The median age of newly diagnosed patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is 67 years, and one-third of patients are older than 75 years. Elderly patients are more vulnerable to the adverse effects of...

    Authors: Chouaid Christos, Le Caer Hervé, Locher Chrystelle, Dujon Cecile, Thomas Pascal, Auliac Jean Bernard, Monnet Isabelle and Vergnenegre Alain
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:301
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Little is known about the supportive care needs of Indigenous people with cancer and to date, existing needs assessment tools have not considered cultural issues for this population. We aimed to adapt an exist...

    Authors: Gail Garvey, Vanessa L Beesley, Monika Janda, Catherine Jacka, Adèle C Green, Peter O’Rourke and Patricia C Valery
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:300
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. Evaluating the cost-effectiveness of breast cancer screening requires estimates of the absolute risk of breast cancer, which is modified by various risk factors. Breast cancer incidence, and thus mortality, is...

    Authors: Sharareh Taghipour, Dragan Banjevic, Joanne Fernandes, Anthony B Miller, Neil Montgomery, Andrew K S Jardine and Bart J Harvey
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:299
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is a highly angiogenic disease; thus, antiangiogenic therapy should result in a clinical response. However, clinical trials have demonstrated only modest responses, and the rea...

    Authors: Hugo Arias-Pulido, Nabila Chaher, Yun Gong, Clifford Qualls, Jake Vargas and Melanie Royce
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:298
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Colorectal cancer (CRC) care has improved considerably, particularly since the implementation of a quality of care program centered on national evidence-based guidelines. Formal quality assessment is however s...

    Authors: Simone Mathoulin-Pélissier, Yves Bécouarn, Geneviève Belleannée, Elodie Pinon, Anne Jaffré, Gaëlle Coureau, Dominique Auby, Jean-Louis Renaud-Salis and Eric Rullier
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:297
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. Erlotinib and pemetrexed have been approved for the second-line treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). These two agents have different mechanisms of action. Combined treatment with erlotinib and peme...

    Authors: Seigo Minami, Takashi Kijima, Ryo Takahashi, Hiroshi Kida, Takeshi Nakatani, Masanari Hamaguchi, Yoshiko Takeuchi, Izumi Nagatomo, Suguru Yamamoto, Isao Tachibana, Kiyoshi Komuta and Ichiro Kawase
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:296
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. To evaluate the use of intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) in the multimodality treatment of patients with isolated local recurrences of pancreatic cancer.

    Authors: Falk Roeder, Carmen Timke, Matthias Uhl, Gregor Habl, Frank W Hensley, Markus W Buechler, Robert Krempien, Peter E Huber, Juergen Debus and Jens Werner
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:295
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) accounts for more than 80% of the cases of renal cell carcinoma. In ccRCC deactivation of Von-Hippel-Lindau (VHL) gene contributes to the constitutive expression of hypo...

    Authors: Sreenivasulu Chintala, Tanbir Najrana, Karoly Toth, Shousong Cao, Farukh A Durrani, Roberto Pili and Youcef M Rustum
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:293
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. KRAS mutation is a negative predictive factor for treatment with anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibodies in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Novel predictive markers are required to further i...

    Authors: Leonie JM Mekenkamp, Jolien Tol, Jeroen R Dijkstra, Inge de Krijger, M Elisa Vink-Börger, Shannon van Vliet, Steven Teerenstra, Eveline Kamping, Eugène Verwiel, Miriam Koopman, Gerrit A Meijer, J Han JM van Krieken, Roland Kuiper, Cornelis JA Punt and Iris D Nagtegaal
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:292
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Ligand-dependent activation of the estrogen receptor (ER) as well as of the insulin-like growth factor type 1 (IGF1R) induces the proliferation of luminal breast cancer cells. These two pathways cooperate and ...

    Authors: Anne-Marie Gaben, Michèle Sabbah, Gérard Redeuilh, Monique Bedin and Jan Mester
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:291
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. ZIC1, a vital transcription factor with zinc finger domains, has been implicated in the process of neural development. We previously showed that ZIC1 may function as a tumour suppressor in gastrointestinal can...

    Authors: Jing Zhong, Shujie Chen, Meng Xue, Qin Du, Jianting Cai, Hongchuan Jin, Jianmin Si and Liangjing Wang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:290
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. Studies investigating the association between Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) have reported inconsistent findings. We conducted a meta-a...

    Authors: Yanming Zhou, Yanfang Zhao, Bin Li, Jiyi Huang, Lupeng Wu, Donghui Xu, Jiamei Yang and Jia He
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:289
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. Chemotherapy is the mainstay of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) treatment. Based on expert opinion, the use of radiotherapy (RT) is currently preferred in some institutions as consolidative treatment for patients w...

    Authors: Lucas Vieira dos Santos, JoãoPaulodaSilveiraNogueira Lima, Carmens Sílvia Passos Lima, Emma Chen Sasse and André Deeke Sasse
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:288
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. The BH3-only members of the Bcl-2 protein family have been proposed to play a key role in the control of apoptosis and in the initiation of the apoptotic pathways. In this study, we evaluated the expression of...

    Authors: Jun Sakakibara-Konishi, Satoshi Oizumi, Junko Kikuchi, Eiki Kikuchi, Hidenori Mizugaki, Ichiro Kinoshita, Hirotoshi Dosaka-Akita and Masaharu Nishimura
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:286
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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