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  1. High interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) in the primary tumor is associated with poor disease-free survival in locally advanced cervical carcinoma. A noninvasive assay is needed to identify cervical cancer patie...

    Authors: Tord Hompland, Christine Ellingsen and Einar K Rofstad
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:544
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Prostate cancer (PCa), a leading cause of cancer death in North American men, displays a broad range of clinical outcome from relatively indolent to lethal metastatic disease. Several genomic alterations have ...

    Authors: Khalil Choucair, Joshua Ejdelman, Fadi Brimo, Armen Aprikian, Simone Chevalier and Jacques Lapointe
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:543
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. In 2006, we reported the effectiveness of chemoradiotherapy for postoperative recurrent esophageal cancer with a median observation period of 18 months. The purpose of the present study was to update the resul...

    Authors: Keiichi Jingu, Haruo Matsushita, Ken Takeda, Rei Umezawa, Chiaki Takahashi, Toshiyuki Sugawara, Masaki Kubozono, Keiko Abe, Takaya Tanabe, Yuko Shirata, Takaya Yamamoto, Youjirou Ishikawa and Kenji Nemoto
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:542
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. It has been shown in many solid tumors that the overexpression of the pro-survival Bcl-2 family members Bcl-xL and Mcl-1 confers resistance to a variety of chemotherapeutic agents. Mcl-1 is a critical survival...

    Authors: Chander Peddaboina, Daniel Jupiter, Steven Fletcher, Jeremy L Yap, Arun Rai, Richard P Tobin, Weihua Jiang, Philip Rascoe, M Karen Newell Rogers, W Roy Smythe and Xiaobo Cao
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:541
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Circulating tumour cells (CTC) are an important indicator of metastasis and associated with a poor prognosis. Detection sensitivity and specificity of CTC in the peripheral blood of metastatic cancer patient r...

    Authors: Ranjana Mitra, Olivia Chao, Yasuyo Urasaki, Oscar B Goodman and Thuc T Le
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:540
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. Malignant breast neoplasms are among the most frequent forms of cancer in the Western world. Conventional treatment of breast cancer may include surgery, hormonal therapy, chemotherapy, radiation and/or immuno...

    Authors: Gustav J Dobos, Petra Voiss, Ilka Schwidde, Kyung-Eun Choi, Anna Paul, Barbara Kirschbaum, Felix J Saha and Sherko Kuemmel
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:539
    Content type: Debate Published on:

  7. Clear cell sarcoma (CCS) and malignant melanoma share overlapping immunohistochemistry with regard to the melanocytic markers HMB45, S100, and Melan-A. However, the translocation t(12; 22)(q13; q12) is specifi...

    Authors: Shoko Nakayama, Taiji Yokote, Kazuki Iwaki, Toshikazu Akioka, Takuji Miyoshi, Yuji Hirata, Ayami Takayama, Uta Nishiwaki, Yuki Masuda, Motomu Tsuji and Toshiaki Hanafusa
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:538
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  8. Small-cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is a neuroendocrine tumor subtype and comprises approximately 15% of lung cancers. Because SCLC is still a disease with a poor prognosis and limited treatment options, there is...

    Authors: Hideki Makinoshima, Genichiro Ishii, Motohiro Kojima, Satoshi Fujii, Youichi Higuchi, Takeshi Kuwata and Atsushi Ochiai
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:537
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. A Phase I dose escalation first in man study assessed maximum tolerated dose (MTD), dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) and recommended Phase II dose of TP300, a water soluble prodrug of the Topo-1 inhibitor TP3076, ...

    Authors: D Alan Anthoney, Jay Naik, Iain RJ MacPherson, Donna Crawford, John M Hartley, Janet A Hartley, Tomohisa Saito, Masaichi Abe, Keith Jones, Masanori Miwa, Christopher Twelves and TRJ Evans
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:536
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Recent studies have reported associations between a variant allele in a let-7 microRNA complementary site (LCS6) within the 3′untranslated region (3′UTR) of KRAS (rs61764370) and clinical outcome in metastatic co...

    Authors: Janne B Kjersem, Tone Ikdahl, Tormod Guren, Eva Skovlund, Halfdan Sorbye, Julian Hamfjord, Per Pfeiffer, Bengt Glimelius, Christian Kersten, Hiroko Solvang, Kjell M Tveit and Elin H Kure
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:534
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) genotype distribution and co-infection occurrence was studied in cervical specimens from the city of Madrid (Spain), as a contribution to the knowledge of Human Papillomavirus genoty...

    Authors: Benjamín García-Espinosa, Ernesto Moro-Rodríguez and Emilio Álvarez-Fernández
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:533
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Pituitary tumor-transforming gene (PTTG) is an oncogene that is overexpressed in variety of tumors and exhibits characteristics of a transforming gene. Previous transgenic mouse models to access the tumorigeni...

    Authors: Miranda Y Fong, Hanan Farghaly and Sham S Kakar
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:532
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome (HBOCS) and Hereditary Non-Polyposis Colorectal Cancer Syndrome (HNPCC, Lynch Syndrome) are two tumor predisposition syndromes responsible for the majority of here...

    Authors: Karin Kast, Teresa M Neuhann, Heike Görgens, Kerstin Becker, Katja Keller, Barbara Klink, Daniela Aust, Wolfgang Distler, Evelin Schröck and Hans K Schackert
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:531
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  15. One third of all cancer patients will develop bone metastases and the vertebral column is involved in approximately 70% of these patients. Conventional radiotherapy with of 1–10 fractions and total doses of 8-...

    Authors: Matthias Guckenberger, Maria Hawkins, Michael Flentje and Reinhart A Sweeney
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:530
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  16. Gail and others developed a model (GAIL) using age-at-menarche, age-at-birth of first live child, number of previous benign breast biopsy examinations, and number of first-degree-relatives with breast cancer a...

    Authors: Fei Gao, David Machin, Khuan-Yew Chow, Yu-Fan Sim, Stephen W Duffy, David B Matchar, Chien-Hui Goh and Kee-Seng Chia
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:529
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Genetic polymorphism (rs762551A>C) in gene encoding cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) has been shown to influence the inducibility of CYP1A2 expression and thus might be associated with risk of several types of human ...

    Authors: Hongge Wang, Zhi Zhang, Sugui Han, Yujuan Lu, Fumin Feng and Juxiang Yuan
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:528
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Most cancer deaths are caused by metastases, resulting from circulating tumor cells (CTC) that detach from the primary cancer and survive in distant organs. The aim of the present study was to develop a CTC ge...

    Authors: Gregory Sergeant, Rudy van Eijsden, Tania Roskams, Victor Van Duppen and Baki Topal
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:527
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. In this meta-analysis we aimed to determine the effectiveness and safety of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPC) for patients with advanced gastric cancer who underwent gastrectomy.

    Authors: Jingxu Sun, Yongxi Song, Zhenning Wang, Peng Gao, Xiaowan Chen, Yingying Xu, Jiwang Liang and Huimian Xu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:526
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Limited research has examined the association between physical activity, health-related fitness, and disease outcomes in breast cancer survivors. Here, we present the rationale and design of the Alberta Moving Be

    Authors: Kerry S Courneya, Jeff K Vallance, S Nicole Culos-Reed, Margaret L McNeely, Gordon J Bell, John R Mackey, Yutaka Yasui, Yan Yuan, Charles E Matthews, David CW Lau, Diane Cook and Christine M Friedenreich
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:525
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  21. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a potential target of anticancer therapy in gastric cancer. However, its prognostic role in metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GE) cancer has not be...

    Authors: Akin Atmaca, Dominique Werner, Claudia Pauligk, Kristina Steinmetz, Ralph Wirtz, Hans-Michael Altmannsberger, Elke Jäger and Salah-Eddin Al-Batran
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:524
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. Thyroid cancer is among the fastest growing malignancies; almost fifty-percent of these rapidly increasing incidence tumors are less than or equal to 1cm in size, termed papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC)...

    Authors: Tada Kunavisarut, Ipshita Kak, Christina MacMillan, Ranju Ralhan and Paul G Walfish
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:523
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Treatment of solid tumors with vascular disrupting agent OXi4503 results in over 90% tumor destruction. However, a thin rim of viable cells persists in the tumor periphery following treatment, contributing to ...

    Authors: Linh Nguyen, Theodora Fifis, Caterina Malcontenti-Wilson, Lie Sam Chan, Patricia Nunes Luiza Costa, Mehrdad Nikfarjam, Vijayaragavan Muralidharan and Christopher Christophi
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:522
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. Epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a significant role in tumor progression and invasion. Snail is a known regulator of EMT in various malignant tumors. This study investigated the role of Snail in g...

    Authors: Na Ri Shin, Eun Hui Jeong, Chang In Choi, Hyun Jung Moon, Chae Hwa Kwon, In Sun Chu, Gwang Ha Kim, Tae Yong Jeon, Dae Hwan Kim, Jae Hyuk Lee and Do Youn Park
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:521
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Identification of new cancer antigens is necessary for the efficient diagnosis and immunotherapy. A variety of tumor antigens have been identified by several methodologies. Among those antigens, cancer/testis ...

    Authors: Tadashi Hanafusa, Ali Eldib Ali Mohamed, Shohei Domae, Eiichi Nakayama and Toshiro Ono
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:520
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is highly expressed in many human cancers and regulates critical steps in mitotic progression. Previously, we have reported that PLK1 was overexpressed in non-small cell lung cancer (...

    Authors: Jing Liu, Kai-Hua Lu, Zhi-Li Liu, Ming Sun, Wei De and Zhao-Xia Wang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:519
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. A population-based breast cancer screening programme was implemented in the Central Denmark Region in 2008–09. The objective of this registry-based study was to examine the association between socio-demographi...

    Authors: Line Flytkjær Jensen, Anette Fischer Pedersen, Berit Andersen and Peter Vedsted
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:518
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Metformin, which is widely used as an antidiabetic agent, has recently been reported to reduce cancer risk and improve prognosis in certain malignancies. However, the specific mechanisms underlying the effect ...

    Authors: Qingqiong Luo, Dan Hu, Shuiqing Hu, Ming Yan, Zujun Sun and Fuxiang Chen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:517
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. The histone demethylase GASC1 (JMJD2C) is an epigenetic factor suspected of involvement in development of different cancers, including breast cancer. It is thought to be overexpressed in the more aggressive br...

    Authors: Bozena Berdel, Kaisa Nieminen, Ylermi Soini, Maria Tengström, Marjo Malinen, Veli-Matti Kosma, Jorma J Palvimo and Arto Mannermaa
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:516
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. mRNA levels of members of the Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor family (VEGF-A, -B, -C, -D, Placental Growth Factor/PlGF) have been investigated as tissue-based markers of colon cancer. These studies, which u...

    Authors: Sarah Pringels, Nancy Van Damme, Bram De Craene, Piet Pattyn, Wim Ceelen, Marc Peeters and Johan Grooten
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:515
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Angiogenesis plays an essential role in tumor growth and metastasis, and is a major target in cancer therapy. VEGFR and PDGFR are key players involved in this process. The purpose of this study was to assess t...

    Authors: Purificacion Estevez-Garcia, Angel Castaño, Ana C Martin, Fernando Lopez-Rios, Joaquin Iglesias, Sandra Muñoz-Galván, Iker Lopez-Calderero, Sonia Molina-Pinelo, Maria D Pastor, Amancio Carnero, Luis Paz-Ares and Rocio Garcia-Carbonero
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:514
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Ewing’s sarcoma is a malignancy characterized by a specific 11:22 chromosomal translocation which generates a novel EWS-FLI1 fusion protein functioning as an aberrant transcription factor. In the present study...

    Authors: Babu Jully, Ramshankar Vijayalakshmi, Gopisetty Gopal, Kesavan Sabitha and Thangarajan Rajkumar
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:513
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Risk factors for lung cancer, such as cigarette smoking, environmental pollution, asbestos, and genetic determinants, are well-known, whereas involvement of the human papillomavirus (HPV) is still unclear.

    Authors: Antonella Galvan, Sara Noci, Francesca Taverna, Claudia Lombardo, Silvia Franceschi, Ugo Pastorino and Tommaso A Dragani
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:512
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. Pancreatic cancer, including cancer of the ampulla of Vater and bile duct, is very aggressive and has a poor five year survival rate; improved methods of patient stratification are required.

    Authors: Sarah J Storr, Abed M Zaitoun, Arvind Arora, Lindy G Durrant, Dileep N Lobo, Srinivasan Madhusudan and Stewart G Martin
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:511
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. Male breast cancer (MBC) is an uncommon and relatively uncharacterised disease accounting for <1% of all breast cancers. A significant proportion occurs in families with a history of breast cancer and in parti...

    Authors: Siddhartha Deb, Nicholas Jene, kConFab investigators and Stephen B Fox
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:510
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Single Base Substitutions (SBS) that alter transcripts expressed in cancer originate from somatic mutations. However, recent studies report SBS in transcripts that are not supported by the genomic DNA of tumor...

    Authors: Laurent Bianchetti, David Kieffer, Rémi Féderkeil and Olivier Poch
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:509
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Medulloblastoma is the most common malignant brain tumor of childhood. Although the clinical outcome for medulloblastoma patients has improved significantly, children afflicted with the disease frequently suff...

    Authors: Brian Hutzen, Christopher R Pierson, Stephen J Russell, Evanthia Galanis, Corey Raffel and Adam W Studebaker
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:508
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. PCA3 is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) that is highly expressed in prostate cancer (PCa) cells, but its functional role is unknown. To investigate its putative function in PCa biology, we used gene expression knockd...

    Authors: Luciana Bueno Ferreira, Antonio Palumbo, Kivvi Duarte de Mello, Cinthya Sternberg, Mauricio S Caetano, Felipe Leite de Oliveira, Adriana Freitas Neves, Luiz Eurico Nasciutti, Luiz Ricardo Goulart and Etel Rodrigues Pereira Gimba
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:507
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. There are few studies of the effects of nasal snuff and environmental factors on the risk of nasal cancer. This study aimed to investigate the impact of using nasal snuff and of other risk factors on the risk ...

    Authors: Eberhard M Greiser, Karin Halina Greiser, Wolfgang Ahrens, Rudolf Hagen, Roland Lazszig, Heinz Maier, Bernhard Schick and Hans Peter Zenner
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:506
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression by binding to mRNA, and can function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors depending on the target. In this study, using qRT-PCR, we examined the expression of six miRNA...

    Authors: Kristina Schee, Kjetil Boye, Torveig Weum Abrahamsen, Øystein Fodstad and Kjersti Flatmark
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:505
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. While evidence on safety and efficacy of primary hypofractionated radiotherapy in prostate cancer is accumulating, data on postoperative hypofractionated treatment of the prostate bed and of the pelvic lymph n...

    Authors: Sonja Krause, Florian Sterzing, Dirk Neuhof, Lutz Edler, Juergen Debus and Klaus Herfarth
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:504
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  42. Infectious agents have been shown to contribute to the development of lymphoid malignancies. The different distribution of lymphoid malignancies in Asian and Western populations suggests possibly different eti...

    Authors: Yi-Chang Liu, Yi-Hsin Yang, Hui-Hua Hsiao, Wen-Chi Yang, Ta-Chih Liu, Chao-Sung Chang, Ming-Yu Yang, Pai-Mei Lin, Jui-Feng Hsu, Pi-Yu Chang and Sheng-Fung Lin
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:503
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Glutamine (Gln) supplementation during concurrent chemoradiotherapy (C-CRT) effectively reduces the incidence and severity of acute radiation-induced esophagitis (RIE). However, there are concerns that Gln mig...

    Authors: Erkan Topkan, Cem Parlak, Savas Topuk and Berrin Pehlivan
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:502
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. The epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) has been shown to be overexpressed in breast cancer and stem cells and has emerged as an attractive target for immunotherapy of breast cancer patients. This study ...

    Authors: Agnieszka Martowicz, Gilbert Spizzo, Guenther Gastl and Gerold Untergasser
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:501
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. We have recently reported that the expression of peptidylarginine deiminase 2 (PADI2) is regulated by EGF in mammary cancer cells and appears to play a role in the proliferation of normal mammary epithelium; h...

    Authors: John L McElwee, Sunish Mohanan, Obi L Griffith, Heike C Breuer, Lynne J Anguish, Brian D Cherrington, Ashley M Palmer, Louise R Howe, Venkataraman Subramanian, Corey P Causey, Paul R Thompson, Joe W Gray and Scott A Coonrod
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:500
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. ERBB3 binding protein 1 (EBP1) gene transfer into human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cells has been shown to significantly inhibit cell proliferation and reduce tumor metastasis in mouse models. In the curre...

    Authors: Jian Sun, Yixi Luo, Zhen Tian, Liang Gu, Shu Chi Xia and Youcheng Yu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:499
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. We retrospectively report treatment results of our single-centre experience with hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (hfSRT) of limited brain metastases in primary and recurrence disease situations. Our...

    Authors: Bettina Märtens, Stefan Janssen, Martin Werner, Jörg Frühauf, Hans Christiansen, Michael Bremer and Diana Steinmann
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:497
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is a multifunctional protein playing both a key role in the metabolism of cholesterol and triglycerides, and in tissue repair and inflammation. The ApoE gene (19q13.2) has three major isof...

    Authors: Emma De Feo, Benedetto Simone, Roberto Persiani, Ferdinando Cananzi, Alberto Biondi, Dario Arzani, Rosarita Amore, Domenico D’Ugo, Gualtiero Ricciardi and Stefania Boccia
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:494
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. We recently developed two Bayesian networks, referred to as the Bayesian-Estimated Tools for Survival (BETS) models, capable of estimating the likelihood of survival at 3 and 12 months following surgery for pa...

    Authors: Jonathan Agner Forsberg, Rikard Wedin, Henrik CF Bauer, Bjarne H Hansen, Minna Laitinen, Clement S Trovik, Johnny Ø Keller, Patrick J Boland and John H Healey
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:493
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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