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  1. Paclitaxel (PTX) is a potent anti-cancer drug commonly used for the treatment of advanced breast cancer (BCA) and melanoma. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) promotes the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines ass...

    Authors: Rochanawan Sootichote, Peti Thuwajit, Ekapot Singsuksawat, Malee Warnnissorn, Pa-thai Yenchitsomanus, Suthinee Ithimakin, Jomjit Chantharasamee and Chanitra Thuwajit
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:231
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. It is not known whether stromal cells in benign breast tissue can mediate risk of breast cancer. We recently described aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 A1 (ALDH1) positive (+) cells in morphologically normal breast st...

    Authors: Björn Logi Isfoss, Bo Holmqvist, Elin Sand, Johan Forsell, Helena Jernström and Håkan Olsson
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:230
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Gastroenterology Departments at hospitals within Australia receive thousands of General Practitioner (GP)-referral letters for gastrointestinal investigations every month. Many of these requests are for colono...

    Authors: Anton R. Lord, Lisa A. Simms, Allison Brown, Katherine Hanigan, Krupa Krishnaprasad, Belinda Schouten, Anthony R. Croft, Mark N. Appleyard and Graham L. Radford-Smith
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:229
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. Aspirin has been proposed as a novel adjuvant agent in colorectal cancer (CRC). Six observational studies have reported CRC-specific survival outcomes in patients using aspirin after CRC diagnosis but the resu...

    Authors: Ronan T. Gray, Helen G. Coleman, Carmel Hughes, Liam J. Murray and Chris R. Cardwell
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:228
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Post-surgical prognosis is usually poor for combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma (CHCC-CC), a rare primary liver cancer. Although midkine (MK) is a prognostic biomarker for several known cancers, it is n...

    Authors: Ming-Chun Ma, Yi-Ju Chen, Tai-Jan Chiu, Jui Lan, Chien-Ting Liu, Yi-Ching Chen, Hsin-Ho Tien and Yen-Yang Chen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:227
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. The centralisation of specialist cancer surgical services across London Cancer and Greater Manchester Cancer, England, may significantly change how patients experience care. These centres are changing specialist ...

    Authors: Mariya Melnychuk, Cecilia Vindrola-Padros, Michael Aitchison, Caroline S. Clarke, Naomi J. Fulop, Claire Levermore, Satish B. Maddineni, Caroline M. Moore, Muntzer M. Mughal, Catherine Perry, Kathy Pritchard-Jones, Angus I. G. Ramsay, David Shackley, Jonathan Vickers and Stephen Morris
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:226
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a co-stimulatory and immune checkpoint protein. PD-L1 expression in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) is a hallmark of adaptive resistance and its expression is often use...

    Authors: Kim A. Brogden, Deepak Parashar, Andrea R. Hallier, Terry Braun, Fang Qian, Naiyer A. Rizvi, Aaron D. Bossler, Mohammed M. Milhem, Timothy A. Chan, Taher Abbasi and Shireen Vali
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:225
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Cancer 2018 18:413

  8. The insulin receptor (INSR) and the insulin growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) play important roles in the etiology of both diabetes mellitus and breast cancer. We aimed to evaluate the expression of hormone and...

    Authors: Heleen K. Bronsveld, Marie L. De Bruin, Jelle Wesseling, Joyce Sanders, Ingrid Hofland, Vibeke Jensen, Marloes T. Bazelier, Bas ter Braak, Anthonius de Boer, Peter Vestergaard and Marjanka K. Schmidt
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:224
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. The subtype of claudin-low breast cancer can be reliably determined only by gene-expression profiling. Attempts have been made to develop immunohistochemical surrogates, which nearly always focus on membranous...

    Authors: Anniina Jääskeläinen, Ylermi Soini, Arja Jukkola-Vuorinen, Päivi Auvinen, Kirsi-Maria Haapasaari and Peeter Karihtala
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:223
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Since the first evidence suggesting existence of stem-like cancer cells, the process of cells reprogramming to the stem cell state remains as an attractive tool for cancer stemness research. Current knowledge ...

    Authors: Egle Strainiene, Mindaugas Binkis, Silvija Urnikyte, Vaidotas Stankevicius, Ausra Sasnauskiene, Gabrielis Kundrotas, Andrius Kazlauskas and Kestutis Suziedelis
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:222
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Cancer cell aggregation is a key process involved in the formation of clusters of circulating tumor cells. We previously reported that cell-cell adhesion proteins, such as E-cadherin, and desmosomal proteins a...

    Authors: Fabien Gava, Lise Rigal, Odile Mondesert, Elise Pesce, Bernard Ducommun and Valérie Lobjois
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:221
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Obesity has been proposed as a potential protective factor against lung cancer. We examined the association between BMI and lung cancer risk in a pooled analysis based on nested case-control studies from four ...

    Authors: Harinakshi Sanikini, Jian-Min Yuan, Lesley M. Butler, Woon-Puay Koh, Yu-Tang Gao, Annika Steffen, Mattias Johansson, Paolo Vineis, Gary E. Goodman, Matt J. Barnett, Rayjean J. Hung, Chu Chen and Isabelle Stücker
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:220
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) is increasingly applied in patients with multiple brain metastases and is expected to have less adverse effects in cognitive functioning than whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT...

    Authors: Wietske C. M. Schimmel, Eline Verhaak, Patrick E. J. Hanssens, Karin Gehring and Margriet M. Sitskoorn
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:218
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  15. MYCN is amplified in small cell lung cancers and several pediatric tumors, including alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas and neuroblastomas. MYCN protein is known to play a key oncogenic role in both alveolar rhabdomyosar...

    Authors: Eleanor M. O’Brien, Joanna L. Selfe, Ana Sofia Martins, Zoë S. Walters and Janet M. Shipley
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:217
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. There is currently limited information regarding the prognostic ability of the dNLR-PNI (the combination of the derived neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio [dNLR] and prognostic nutritional index [PNI]) for hepatoc...

    Authors: Chang Liu, Lei Li, Wu-sheng Lu, Hua Du, Lu-nan Yan, Tian-fu Wen, Wu-ran Wei, Li Jiang and Ming-qing Xu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:216
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. The methylation status of oxygen 6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter has been associated with treatment response in glioblastoma(GBM). Using pre-operative MRI techniques to predict MGMT promo...

    Authors: Yu Han, Lin-Feng Yan, Xi-Bin Wang, Ying-Zhi Sun, Xin Zhang, Zhi-Cheng Liu, Hai-Yan Nan, Yu-Chuan Hu, Yang Yang, Jin Zhang, Ying Yu, Qian Sun, Qiang Tian, Bo Hu, Gang Xiao, Wen Wang…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:215
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Patient characteristics and survival outcomes in randomized trials may be different from those in real-life clinical practice. The objective of this study was to describe treatment pathways, safety, drug costs...

    Authors: Rana Maroun, Laura Mitrofan, Laure Benjamin, Gaelle Nachbaur, Franck Maunoury, Philippe Le Jeunne and Isabelle Durand-Zaleski
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:214
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Aberrant crypt foci (ACF) are commonly considered the early pre-cancerous lesions that can progress to colorectal cancer (CRC). The available literature data reveal that age, dietary factors and lifestyle can ...

    Authors: Marek Kowalczyk, Marcin Orłowski, Piotr Siermontowski, Dariusz Mucha, Krzysztof Zinkiewicz, Waldemar Kurpiewski, Ewa Zieliński, Iwona Kowalczyk and Agnieszka Pedrycz
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:213
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Primary hepatic angiosarcoma (PHA) is a rare and aggressive solid tumor, with high rates of local recurrence and distant metastasis, and poor prognosis. There are no established treatment guidelines for PHA.

    Authors: Yu Qiao, Jihong Yang, Lili Liu, Yixin Zeng, Jie Ma, Jing Jia, Li Zhang, Xiaoguang Li, Peihong Wu, Wenchao Wang, Dongge Liu, Huan Chen, Yunbo Zhao, Huan Xi and Yao Wang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:212
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  21. Survival advantage following trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE) is variable in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We combined pre-TACE radiologic features to derive a novel prognostic signature...

    Authors: David J. Pinato, Madhava Pai, Isabella Reccia, Markand Patel, Alexandros Giakoustidis, Georgios Karamanakos, Azelea Rushd, Shiraz Jamshaid, Alberto Oldani, Glenda Grossi, Mario Pirisi, Paul Tait and Rohini Sharma
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:211
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. Accumulating evidence suggest that autophagy plays a pivotal role in various anticancer therapies, including photodynamic therapy (PDT), acting as a pro-death or pro-survival mechanism in a context-dependent m...

    Authors: Antoni Domagala, Joanna Stachura, Magdalena Gabrysiak, Angelika Muchowicz, Radoslaw Zagozdzon, Jakub Golab and Malgorzata Firczuk
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:210
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Mammography screening is used to detect breast cancer at an early treatable stage, reducing breast cancer mortality. Traditionally, breast cancer has been seen as a disease with only progressive lesions, and h...

    Authors: Åsbjørn Schumacher Westvik, Harald Weedon-Fekjær, Jan Mæhlen and Knut Liestøl
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:209
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Improvements in detection and treatment of prostate cancer (PCa) translate into more men living with PCa, who are therefore potentially at risk of a secondly diagnosed primary tumour (SDPTs). Little is known a...

    Authors: Cecilia Bosco, Hans Garmo, Niklas Hammar, Göran Walldius, Ingmar Jungner, Håkan Malmström, Lars Holmberg and Mieke Van Hemelrijck
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:205
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. The assessment of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) has been shown to enable monitoring of treatment response and early detection of metastatic breast cancer (MBC) recurrence. The aim of this study was to compare...

    Authors: Hanna Huebner, Peter A. Fasching, Walter Gumbrecht, Sebastian Jud, Claudia Rauh, Mark Matzas, Peter Paulicka, Katja Friedrich, Michael P. Lux, Bernhard Volz, Paul Gass, Lothar Häberle, Franziska Meier-Stiegen, Andreas Hartkopf, Hans Neubauer, Katrin Almstedt…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:204
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Recent studies have shown that breast cancer subtype can change from the primary tumour to the recurrence. Discordance between primary and recurrent breast cancer has implications for further treatment and ult...

    Authors: Peter F. McAnena, Andrew McGuire, A. Ramli, C. Curran, C. Malone, R. McLaughlin, K. Barry, James A.L. Brown and M. J. Kerin
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:203
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Cancer 2018 18:282

  29. To evaluate the prevalence of metastatic tumors involving the myocardium and study their presentation in order to increase awareness to their existence.

    Authors: Ivana Burazor, Sarit Aviel-Ronen, Massimo Imazio, Orly Goitein, Marina Perelman, Natalia Shelestovich, Ninoslav Radovanovic, Vladimir Kanjuh, Iris Barshack and Yehuda Adler
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:202
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. Though peritoneal carcinomatosis reflects a late stage of colorectal cancer (CRC), only few patients present with synchronous or metachronous liver metastases alongside their peritoneal carcinomatosis. It is h...

    Authors: Sabine Heublein, Markus Albertsmeier, David Pfeifer, Lisa Loehrs, Alexandr V. Bazhin, Thomas Kirchner, Jens Werner, Jens Neumann and Martin Kurt Angele
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:201
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Minichromosome Maintenance family (MCMs), as replication licensing factors, is involved in the pathogenesis of tumors. Here, we investigated the expression of MCMs and their values in hepatocellular carcinoma ...

    Authors: Zhikun Liu, Jie Li, Jun Chen, Qiaonan Shan, Haojiang Dai, Haiyang Xie, Lin Zhou, Xiao Xu and Shusen Zheng
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:200
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Radiological monitoring of malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) using modified RECIST criteria is limited by low sensitivity and inter-observer variability. Serial serum mesothelin measurement has shown utilit...

    Authors: Duneesha de Fonseka, David T. Arnold, Louise Stadon, Anna Morley, Emma Keenan, Michael Darby, Lynne Armstrong, Paul Virgo and Nick A. Maskell
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:199
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Treatment with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the gold standard adjuvant immunotherapy of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), although it fails in one third of the patients. NMIBC expresses two tumor-a...

    Authors: Paulo F. Severino, Mariana Silva, Mylene Carrascal, Nadia Malagolini, Mariella Chiricolo, Giulia Venturi, Roberto Barbaro Forleo, Annalisa Astolfi, Mariangela Catera, Paula A. Videira and Fabio Dall’Olio
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:198
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. The aim of the present trial is to investigate a new option of skin protection in order to reduce the rate of grade ≥ 2 skin toxicity in patients receiving radiotherapy alone or radiochemotherapy for locally a...

    Authors: Carlos Narvaez, Claudia Doemer, Christian Idel, Cornelia Setter, Denise Olbrich, Zaza Ujmajuridze, Jesper Hansen Carl and Dirk Rades
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:197
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  36. RECORD-4 assessed everolimus in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) who progressed after 1 prior anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or cytokine and reinforced the clinical benefit ...

    Authors: Lin Yang, Anna Alyasova, Dingwei Ye, Antonia Ridolfi, Luca Dezzani and Robert J. Motzer
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:195
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Bladder cancer is the 7th cause of death from cancer in men and 10th in women. Metastatic patients have a poor prognosis with a median overall survival of 14 months. Until recently, vinflunine was the only sec...

    Authors: Marina Pulido, Guilhem Roubaud, Anne-Laure Cazeau, Hakim Mahammedi, Lionel Vedrine, Florence Joly, Loic Mourey, Christian Pfister, Alejandro Goberna, Barbara Lortal, Carine Bellera, Philippe Pourquier and Nadine Houédé
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:194
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Fertility preservation (FP) is a major determinant of quality of life after cancer remission for women who may not have achieved their ideal family size. This article describes the FP services and strategy cur...

    Authors: Kathleen Melan, Frederic Amant, Jacqueline Veronique-Baudin, Clarisse Joachim and Eustase Janky
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:192
    Content type: Review Published on:

  40. Lung cancer patients with an activating mutation in the EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) can develop resistance to erlotinib treatment, which is often mediated by the T790M resistance mutation in EGFR. ...

    Authors: Christina Demuth, Anne Tranberg Madsen, Britta Weber, Lin Wu, Peter Meldgaard and Boe Sandahl Sorensen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:191
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. Subjects with elevated Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) immunoglobulin A (IgA) titers have a higher risk of developing nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), indicating that reactivation of EBV in the local mucosa might be i...

    Authors: Yufeng Chen, Yifei Xu, Weilin Zhao, Xue Xiao, Xiaoying Zhou, Longde Lin, Tingting Huang, Jian Liao, Yancheng Li, Xiaoyun Zeng, Guangwu Huang, Weimin Ye and Zhe Zhang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:190
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Physical activity has been implicated as a risk factor in the development of testicular cancer (TC), but the relationship remains controversial. This systematic review pooled available evidence regarding this ...

    Authors: Stephanie Huang, Virginia Signal, Diana Sarfati, Caroline Shaw, James Stanley, Katherine McGlynn and Jason Gurney
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:189
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. To evaluate survival data and local tumor control after transarterial chemoembolization in two groups with different embolization protocols for the treatment of HCC patients.

    Authors: Tatjana Gruber-Rouh, Cornelia Schmitt, Nagy N. N. Naguib, N. A. Nour-Eldin, Katrin Eichler, Martin Beeres and Thomas J. Vogl
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:188
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. There is now a renewed interest in cancer vaccines. Patients responding to immune checkpoint blockade usually bear tumors that are heavily infiltrated by T cells and express a high load of neoantigens, indicat...

    Authors: Sheeba K. Thomas, Soung-chul Cha, D. Lynne Smith, Kun Hwa Kim, Sapna R. Parshottam, Sheetal Rao, Michael Popescu, Vincent Y. Lee, Sattva S. Neelapu and Larry W. Kwak
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:187
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  45. Recent studies demonstrated the efficacy of S-1-based adjuvant chemotherapy administered for six months after curative surgery for stage III gastric cancer; however, it is unproven whether this type of combina...

    Authors: Tsutomu Namikawa, Hiromichi Maeda, Hiroyuki Kitagawa, Koji Oba, Akihito Tsuji, Takaki Yoshikawa, Michiya Kobayashi and Kazuhiro Hanazaki
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:186
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  46. Chronic inflammatory conditions are associated with higher tumor incidence through epigenetic and genetic alterations. Here, we focused on an association between an inflammation marker, C-reactive-protein (CRP...

    Authors: Masanori Nojima, Motoki Iwasaki, Yoshio Kasuga, Shiro Yokoyama, Hiroshi Onuma, Hideki Nishimura, Ritsu Kusama, Teruhiko Yoshida and Shoichiro Tsugane
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:184
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Local relapse and peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) for pT4 colon cancer is estimated in 15,6% and 36,7% for 12 months and 36 months from surgical resection respectively, achieving a 5 years overall survival of 6...

    Authors: A. Arjona-Sánchez, P. Barrios, E. Boldo-Roda, B. Camps, J. Carrasco-Campos, V. Concepción Martín, A. García-Fadrique, A. Gutiérrez-Calvo, R. Morales, G. Ortega-Pérez, E. Pérez-Viejo, A. Prada-Villaverde, J. Torres-Melero, E. Vicente, P. Villarejo-Campos, J. M. Sánchez-Hidalgo…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:183
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  50. Patients with advanced lung cancer (LC) or malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) exhibit limitation of exercise capacities and alteration of quality of life (QoL) induced by cancer and its treatment. Few studie...

    Authors: Cecile Olivier, Jean-Marie Grosbois, Alexis B. Cortot, Sophie Peres, Christophe Heron, Julie Delourme, Marianne Gierczynski, Anne Hoorelbeke, Arnaud Scherpereel and Olivier Le Rouzic
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2018 18:178
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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