Venook AP, Papandreou C, Furuse J, de Guevara LL. The incidence and epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma: a global and regional perspective. Oncologist. 2010;15 Suppl 4:5–13.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
McGlynn KA, Tsao L, Hsing AW, Devesa SS, Fraumeni Jr JF. International trends and patterns of primary liver cancer. Int J Cancer J Int du Cancer. 2001;94(2):290–6.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Llovet JM, Fuster J, Bruix J, Barcelona-Clinic Liver Cancer G. The Barcelona approach: diagnosis, staging, and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver Transpl. 2004;10(2 Suppl 1):S115–20.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Hung H. Treatment modalities for hepatocellular carcinoma. Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2005;5(2):131–8.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Poon D, Anderson BO, Chen LT, Tanaka K, Lau WY, Van Cutsem E, Singh H, Chow WC, Ooi LL, Chow P, et al. Management of hepatocellular carcinoma in Asia: consensus statement from the Asian Oncology Summit 2009. Lancet Oncol. 2009;10(11):1111–8.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Pawarode A, Tangkijvanich P, Voravud N. Outcomes of primary hepatocellular carcinoma treatment: an 8-year experience with 368 patients in Thailand. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2000;15(8):860–4.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Chow PK, Tai BC, Tan CK, Machin D, Win KM, Johnson PJ, Soo KC, Asian-Pacific Hepatocellular Carcinoma Trials G. High-dose tamoxifen in the treatment of inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md). 2002;36(5):1221–6.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Cabbibo G, Enea M, Latteri F, Genco C, Craxì A, Cammá C. Survival of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-anlyasis of the control arms of 28 randomized trials. J Hepatol. 2009;50(Supplement 1):S285.
Article
Google Scholar
Hsu C, Shen YC, Cheng CC, Hu FC, Cheng AL. Geographic difference in survival outcome for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: implications on future clinical trial design. Contemp Clin Trials. 2010;31(1):55–61.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Llovet JM, Di Bisceglie AM, Bruix J, Kramer BS, Lencioni R, Zhu AX, Sherman M, Schwartz M, Lotze M, Talwalkar J, et al. Design and endpoints of clinical trials in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2008;100(10):698–711.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Nowak AK, Chow PK, Findlay M. Systemic therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a review. Eur J Cancer. 2004;40(10):1474–84.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Llovet JM, Ricci S, Mazzaferro V, Hilgard P, Gane E, Blanc JF, de Oliveira AC, Santoro A, Raoul JL, Forner A, et al. Sorafenib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2008;359(4):378–90.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Cheng AL, Kang YK, Chen Z, Tsao CJ, Qin S, Kim JS, Luo R, Feng J, Ye S, Yang TS, et al. Efficacy and safety of sorafenib in patients in the Asia-Pacific region with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a phase III randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Oncol. 2009;10(1):25–34.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kang Y, Guan Z, Chen Z, Tsao C, Qin S, Kim JS, Burrock K, Zou J, Voliotis D, Cheng A. Sorafenib is effective in patients from the Asia Pacific region with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC): Subgroup analysis of macroscopic vascular invasion (MVI), extrahepatic spread (EHS), and ECOG performance status. Ann Oncol. 2008;19(Supplement 8):177.
Google Scholar
Vente MA, Wondergem M, van der Tweel I, van den Bosch MA, Zonnenberg BA, Lam MG, van Het Schip AD, Nijsen JF. Yttrium-90 microsphere radioembolization for the treatment of liver malignancies: a structured meta-analysis. Eur Radiol. 2009;19(4):951–9.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kulik LM, Carr BI, Mulcahy MF, Lewandowski RJ, Atassi B, Ryu RK, Sato KT, Benson 3rd A, Nemcek Jr AA, Gates VL, et al. Safety and efficacy of 90Y radiotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma with and without portal vein thrombosis. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md). 2008;47(1):71–81.
Article
Google Scholar
Kulik LM, Atassi B, van Holsbeeck L, Souman T, Lewandowski RJ, Mulcahy MF, Hunter RD, Nemcek Jr AA, Abecassis MM, Haines 3rd KG, et al. Yttrium-90 microspheres (TheraSphere) treatment of unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: downstaging to resection, RFA and bridge to transplantation. J Surg Oncol. 2006;94(7):572–86.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sangro B, Bilbao JI, Boan J, Martinez-Cuesta A, Benito A, Rodriguez J, Panizo A, Gil B, Inarrairaegui M, Herrero I, et al. Radioembolization using 90Y-resin microspheres for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006;66(3):792–800.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Young JY, Rhee TK, Atassi B, Gates VL, Kulik L, Mulcahy MF, Larson AC, Ryu RK, Sato KT, Lewandowski RJ, et al. Radiation dose limits and liver toxicities resulting from multiple yttrium-90 radioembolization treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2007;18(11):1375–82.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sangro B, Carpanese L, Cianni R, Golfieri R, Gasparini D, Ezziddin S, Paprottka PM, Fiore F, Van Buskirk M, Bilbao JI, et al. Survival after yttrium-90 resin microsphere radioembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma across Barcelona clinic liver cancer stages: a European evaluation. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md). 2011;54(3):868–78.
Article
Google Scholar
Hilgard P, Hamami M, Fouly AE, Scherag A, Muller S, Ertle J, Heusner T, Cicinnati VR, Paul A, Bockisch A, et al. Radioembolization with yttrium-90 glass microspheres in hepatocellular carcinoma: European experience on safety and long-term survival. Hepatology (Baltimore, Md). 2010;52(5):1741–9.
Article
CAS
Google Scholar
Salem R, Lewandowski RJ, Mulcahy MF, Riaz A, Ryu RK, Ibrahim S, Atassi B, Baker T, Gates V, Miller FH, et al. Radioembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma using Yttrium-90 microspheres: a comprehensive report of long-term outcomes. Gastroenterology. 2010;138(1):52–64.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Golfieri R, Mosconi C, Cappelli A, Giampalma E, Galaverni MC, Pettinato C, Renzulli M, Monari F, Angelelli B, Pini P, et al. Efficacy of radioembolization according to tumor morphology and portal vein thrombosis in intermediate-advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. Future Oncol. 2015;11(23):3133–42.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gramenzi A, Golfieri R, Mosconi C, Cappelli A, Granito A, Cucchetti A, Marinelli S, Pettinato C, Erroi V, Fiumana S, et al. Yttrium-90 radioembolization vs sorafenib for intermediate-locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a cohort study with propensity score analysis. Liver Int. 2015;35(3):1036–47.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Khor AY, Toh Y, Allen JC, Ng DC, Kao YH, Zhu G, Choo SP, Lo RH, Tay KH, Teo JY, et al. Survival and pattern of tumor progression with yttrium-90 microsphere radioembolization in predominantly hepatitis B Asian patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Int. 2014;8(3):395–404.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Cho YY, Lee M, Kim HC, Chung JW, Kim YH, Gwak GY, Bae SH, Kim do Y, Heo J, Kim YJ. Radioembolization is a safe and effective treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein thrombosis: a propensity score analysis. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(5):e0154986.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
de la Torre MA, Buades-Mateu J, de la Rosa PA, Lué A, Bustamante FJ, Serrano MT, Testillano M, Lorente S, Arenas JI, Gil C, Iñarrairaegui M, Sangro B. A comparison of survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and portal vein invasion treated by radioembolization or sorafenib. Liver Int. 2016;36(8):1206-12.
Lewandowski RJ, Kulik LM, Riaz A, Senthilnathan S, Mulcahy MF, Ryu RK, Ibrahim SM, Sato KT, Baker T, Miller FH, et al. A comparative analysis of transarterial downstaging for hepatocellular carcinoma: chemoembolization versus radioembolization. Am J Transplant. 2009;9(8):1920–8.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sangro B, Ettorre GM, Cianni R, Gasparini D, Golfieri R, Ezzidin S, Kolligs FT, Izzo F, Van Buskirk M. Survival and tolerability following 90Y-resin microsphere radioembolisation in patients with unresectable BCLC stage C hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). J Hepatol. 2011;54 Suppl 1:S262–3.
Article
Google Scholar
Vilgrain V, Abdel-Rehim M, Sibert A, Ronot M, Lebtahi R, Castera L, Chatellier G, Group ST. Radioembolisation with yttrium90 microspheres versus sorafenib for treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (SARAH): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials. 2014;15:474.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Bruix J, Takayama T, Mazzaferro V, Chau GY, Yang J, Kudo M, Cai J, Poon RT, Han KH, Tak WY, et al. Adjuvant sorafenib for hepatocellular carcinoma after resection or ablation (STORM): a phase 3, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet Oncol. 2015;16(13):1344–54.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Kennedy AS, Kleinstreuer C, Basciano CA, Dezarn WA. Computer modeling of yttrium-90-microsphere transport in the hepatic arterial tree to improve clinical outcomes. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2010;76(2):631–7.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ho S, Lau WY, Leung TW, Chan M, Ngar YK, Johnson PJ, Li AK. Partition model for estimating radiation doses from yttrium-90 microspheres in treating hepatic tumours. Eur J Nucl Med. 1996;23(8):947–52.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bruix J, Sherman M. Management of hepatocellular carcinoma: an update. Hepatology. 2011;53:1020–2.
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Eisenhauer EA, Therasse P, Bogaerts J, Schwartz LH, Sargent D, Ford R, Dancey J, Arbuck S, Gwyther S, Mooney M, et al. New response evaluation criteria in solid tumours: revised RECIST guideline (version 1.1). Eur J Cancer. 2009;45(2):228–47.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
National Institute of Health National Cancer Institute. Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v 4.02 [http://evs.nci.nih.gov/ftp1/CTCAE/Archive/CTCAE_4.02_2009-09-15_QuickReference_5x7_Locked.pdf]. Accessed 24 Oct 2016.
Sangro B, Carpanese L, Cianni R, Golfieri R, Gasparini D, Ezziddin S, Paprottka PM, Fiore F, Van Buskirk M, Bilbao JI, Ettorre GM, Salvatori R, Giampalma E, Geatti O, Wilhelm K, Hoffmann RT, Izzo F, Iñarrairaegui M, Maini CL, Urigo C, Cappelli A, Vit A, Ahmadzadehfar H, Jakobs TF, Lastoria S. European Network on Radioembolization with Yttrium-90 Resin Microspheres (ENRY). Survival after yttrium-90 resin microsphere radioembolization of hepatocellular carcinoma across Barcelona clinic liver cancer stages: a European evaluation. Hepatology. 2011;54(3):868–78.
Lan KKG, DeMets DL. Discrete sequential boundaries for clinical trials. Biometrika. 1983;70:659–63.
Article
Google Scholar
Anderson JR, Cain KC, Gelber RD, Gelman RS. Analysis and interpretation of the comparison of survival by treatment outcome variables in cancer clinical trials. Cancer Treat Rep. 1985;69(10):1139–46.
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Gray RJ. A class of K-sample tests for comparing the cumulative incidence of a competing risk. Ann Stat. 1988;16:1141–54.
Article
Google Scholar
Fine JP, Gray RJ. A proportional hazards model for the subdistribution of a competing Risk. J Am Stat Assoc. 1999;94(446):496–509.
Article
Google Scholar
Lau WY, Leung WT, Ho S, Leung NW, Chan M, Lin J, Metreweli C, Johnson P, Li AK. Treatment of inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma with intrahepatic arterial yttrium-90 microspheres: a phase I and II study. Br J Cancer. 1994;70(5):994–9.
Article
CAS
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Sangro B, Carpanese L, Cianni R, Golfieri R, Gasparini D, Ezzidin S, Hoffman R, Fiore F, on behalf of the European Network on Radioembolization Using Y90 Microspheres (ENRY). European multicenter evaluation of survival for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treated by radioembolization with 90y-labeled resin microspheres. J Clin Oncol 2010;28(no. 15_suppl):4027.
Wu S, Chen JJ, Kudelka A, Lu J, Zhu X. Incidence and risk of hypertension with sorafenib in patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2008;9(2):117–23.
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar