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  1. Breast cancer in men is an infrequent occurrence, accounting for ~1% of all breast tumors with an incidence of about 1:100,000. The relative rarity of male breast cancer (MBC) limits our understanding of the e...

    Authors: GianMaria Miolo, Lara Della Puppa, Manuela Santarosa, Clelia De Giacomi, Andrea Veronesi, Ettore Bidoli, Maria Grazia Tibiletti, Alessandra Viel and Riccardo Dolcetti
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:156
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. There is a lack of clinical data on the validity of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in the treatment of ovarian cancer. The aim of this study was to compare the impact of the adjuvant and neoadjuvant chemotherapy reg...

    Authors: Arturas Inciura, Andrius Simavicius, Elona Juozaityte, Juozas Kurtinaitis, Ruta Nadisauskiene, Eimantas Svedas and Skirmantas Kajenas
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:153
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. The role of exogenous hormone exposures in the development of meningioma is unclear, but these exposures have been proposed as one hypothesis to explain the over-abundance of such tumors in women.

    Authors: Brian Custer, WT Longstreth Jr, Leslie E Phillips, Thomas D Koepsell and Gerald Van Belle
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:152
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. Non-small cell lung cancer is the most common cause of early casualty from malignant disease in western countries. The heterogeneous nature of these cells has been identified by histochemical and microarray bi...

    Authors: Sandra YY Fok, Jeffrey S Rubin, Fiona Pixley, John Condeelis, Filip Braet and Lilian L Soon
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:151
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Cancer 2007 7:32

  5. Studies indicate that thymidylate synthase (TS) expression, p53 and mismatch repair status have potential to influence colorectal cancer (CRC) outcome. There is, however, little data on the inter-relationship ...

    Authors: Sanjay Popat, Richard Wort and Richard S Houlston
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:150
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. Upregulation of endogenous angiostatin levels may constitute a novel anti-angiogenic, and therefore anti-tumor therapy. In vitro, angiostatin generation is a two-step process, starting with the conversion of plas...

    Authors: Renate RJ de Groot-Besseling, Theo JM Ruers, Iris L Lamers-Elemans, Cathy N Maass, Robert MW de Waal and Johan R Westphal
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:149
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Increasing evidence from epidemiologic studies suggest that oxidative stress may play a role in adult glioma. In addition to dietary antioxidants, antioxidant and weak estrogenic properties of dietary phytoest...

    Authors: Nicole Tedeschi-Blok, Marion Lee, Jennette D Sison, Rei Miike and Margaret Wrensch
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:148
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Abnormal hemostasis in cancer patients has previously been described, however the correlation between the plasma fibrinogen level and cancer metastasis and prognosis has not been reported in a large-scale clin...

    Authors: Hiroharu Yamashita, Joji Kitayama, Nobuko Kanno, Yutaka Yatomi and Hirokazu Nagawa
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:147
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Very few reports have investigated the role of cell cycle regulators as biomarkers in Basaloid Squamous Cell Carcinoma (BSCC) of the larynx, a definite morphologic, uncommon, very aggressive variant of squamou...

    Authors: Grazia Salerno, Dolores Di Vizio, Stefania Staibano, Giampiero Mottola, Giuseppe Quaremba, Massimo Mascolo, Vieri Galli, Gaetano De Rosa and Luigi Insabato
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:146
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Ephrin receptor B2 (EPHB2) has recently been proposed as a novel tumor suppressor gene in colorectal cancer (CRC). Inactivation of the gene has been shown to correlate with progression of colorectal tumorigenesi...

    Authors: Antti Kokko, Päivi Laiho, Rainer Lehtonen, Sanna Korja, Luis G Carvajal-Carmona, Heikki Järvinen, Jukka-Pekka Mecklin, Charis Eng, Johanna Schleutker, Ian PM Tomlinson, Pia Vahteristo and Lauri A Aaltonen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:145
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Increased expression of Eph receptor tyrosine kinases and their ephrin ligands has been implicated in tumor progression in a number of malignancies. This report describes aberrant expression of these genes in ...

    Authors: Nirmitha I Herath, Mark D Spanevello, Sabe Sabesan, Tanya Newton, Margaret Cummings, Shannon Duffy, Douglas Lincoln, Glen Boyle, Peter G Parsons and Andrew W Boyd
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:144
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Gemcitabine (dFdC) is an active antitumour agent with radiosensitising properties, shown both in preclinical and clinical studies. In the present study, the relation between deoxycytidine kinase (dCK) activity...

    Authors: Bea Pauwels, Annelies EC Korst, Greet GO Pattyn, Hilde AJ Lambrechts, Juliette AE Kamphuis, Christel MJ De Pooter, Godefridus J Peters, Filip Lardon and Jan B Vermorken
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:142
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. Human studies of dietary fat as a possible risk factor for cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM) and non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) – principally basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) – ha...

    Authors: Robert H Granger, Leigh Blizzard, Jayne L Fryer and Terence Dwyer
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:141
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) is an extracellular matrix component glycoprotein, which is known to be a potent inhibitor of angiogenesis and may be important in cancer invasiveness. We examined the TSP-1 expression...

    Authors: E Ioachim, MC Michael, M Salmas, K Damala, E Tsanou, MM Michael, V Malamou-Mitsi and NE Stavropoulos
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:140
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. The highest rates of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) in Brazil occur in Rio Grande do Sul, the most southern state, which has incidence rates of 20.4/100,000/year for men and 6.5/100,000/year for wom...

    Authors: Renato B Fagundes, Christian C Abnet, Paul T Strickland, Farin Kamangar, Mark J Roth, Philip R Taylor and Sanford M Dawsey
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:139
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Accumulative evidence suggests that low folate intake is associated with increased risk of breast cancer. Polymorphisms in genes involved in folate metabolism may influence DNA methylation, nucleotide synthesi...

    Authors: Xiangjun Zhai, Jun Gao, Zhibin Hu, Jinhai Tang, Jianwei Qin, Shui Wang, Xuechen Wang, Guangfu Jin, Jiyong Liu, Wenshen Chen, Feng Chen, Xinru Wang, Qingyi Wei and Hongbing Shen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:138
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Many emerging new drugs have recently been trialled for treatment of early and advanced breast cancer. Among these new agents paclitaxel and gemcitabine play a crucial role, mostly in patients with relapsed an...

    Authors: Silverio Tomao, Adriana Romiti, Federica Tomao, Marisa Di Seri, Giuliana Caprio, Gian Paolo Spinelli, Edmondo Terzoli and Luigi Frati
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:137
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. The aim of this study is to compare the cost-effectiveness of screening with stool DNA testing with that of screening with other tools (annual fecal occult blood testing, flexible sigmoidoscopy every 5 years, ...

    Authors: Grace Hui-Min Wu, Yi-Ming Wang, Amy Ming-Fang Yen, Jau-Min Wong, Hsin-Chih Lai, Jane Warwick and Tony Hsiu-Hsi Chen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:136
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Cervical cancer and infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are both major public health problems in South Africa. The aim of this study was to determine the risk of cervical pre-cancer and cancer am...

    Authors: Jennifer R Moodley, Margaret Hoffman, Henri Carrara, Bruce R Allan, Diane D Cooper, Lynn Rosenberg, Lynette E Denny, Samuel Shapiro and Anna-Lise Williamson
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:135
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. COX-2 expression in tumour cells has been associated with poor prognosis in gastrointestinal and non-gastrointestinal cancers. The aim of our study was to test the hypothesis that higher levels of COX-2 expres...

    Authors: Pradeep Bhandari, Adrian C Bateman, Raj L Mehta, Bernard SF Stacey, Penny Johnson, Ian A Cree, Federica Di Nicolantonio and Praful Patel
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:134
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. The implementation of combined radiochemotherapy (RCHT) with temozolomide (TMZ) has lead to a significant increase in overall survival times in patients with Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), however, outcome sti...

    Authors: Stephanie E Combs, Steffen Heeger, Renate Haselmann, Lutz Edler, Jürgen Debus and Daniela Schulz-Ertner
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:133
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  23. Expression of folylpoly-γ-glutamate synthetase (FPGS) gene is two- to three-fold higher in B-precursor ALL (Bp- ALL) than in T-lineage ALL (T-ALL) and correlates with intracellular accumulation of methotrexate...

    Authors: Guy J Leclerc, Gilles M Leclerc, Ting Ting Hsieh Kinser and Julio C Barredo
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:132
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. Germline mutations in RET are responsible for multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2), an autosomal dominantly inherited cancer syndrome that is characterized by medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), pheochromocy...

    Authors: Christian A Koch, Frederieke M Brouwers, Alexander O Vortmeyer, Andrea Tannapfel, Steven K Libutti, Zhengping Zhuang, Karel Pacak, Hartmut PH Neumann and Ralf Paschke
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:131
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is a tumor known to be resistant to conventional therapies. Thus, an in vivo model can represent an important tool for assessing the efficacy of novel approaches in the tre...

    Authors: Daniele Martarelli, Alfonso Catalano, Antonio Procopio, Sara Orecchia, Roberta Libener and Giorgio Santoni
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:130
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Bortezomib (Velcade®), a dipeptide boronate proteasome inhibitor, is a novel anti-cancer agent registered for multiple myeloma (MM). It has also shown promising clinical activity in non-small cell lung cancer (NS...

    Authors: Jens Voortman and Giuseppe Giaccone
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:129
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  27. Low-dose Cisplatin and Interferon alpha treatment of solid tumors rarely has been associated with severe hypocalcaemia. To the authors knowledge the phenomenon has not been reported previously in patients with...

    Authors: Katrin Hoffmann, Angela Marten, Katja Lindel, Stefan Fritz, Dirk Jager, Markus W Buchler and Jan Schmidt
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:128
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  28. Leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata (LPD) is a rare disease in which multiple smooth muscle or smooth muscle-like nodules develop subperitoneally in any part of the abdominal cavity. No reports of multiple...

    Authors: Carmine Nappi, Attilio Di Spiezio Sardo, Vincenzo Dario Mandato, Giuseppe Bifulco, Elisa Merello, Antonio Savanelli, Chiara Mignogna, Valeria Capra and Maurizio Guida
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:127
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  30. Elderly patients have been often excluded from or underrepresented in the study populations of combination chemotherapy trials. The primary end point of this study was to determine the response rate and the to...

    Authors: D Santini, F Graziano, V Catalano, M Di Seri, E Testa, AM Baldelli, P Giordani, A La Cesa, B Spalletta, B Vincenzi, A Russo, M Caraglia, V Virzi, S Cascinu and G Tonini
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:125
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. In previous analyses we identified therapy-induced upregulation of the CDK inhibitor p21CIP/WAF-1 and consequently decreased tumor cell proliferation or loss of Bax as adverse factors for survival in rectal cance...

    Authors: Isrid Sturm, Beate Rau, Peter M Schlag, Peter Wust, Bert Hildebrandt, Hanno Riess, Steffen Hauptmann, Bernd Dörken and Peter T Daniel
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:124
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Conflicting data exist about the prevalence of HER-2/neu overexpression in colorectal cancer ranging from 0 to 83 %. In our study we tried to clarify the extent of expression and its relationship to clinicopat...

    Authors: B Schuell, T Gruenberger, W Scheithauer, Ch Zielinski and F Wrba
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:123
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Even today, treatment of Stage III NSCLC still poses a serious challenge. So far, surgical resection is the treatment of choice. Patients whose tumour is not resectable or who are unfit to undergo surgery are ...

    Authors: AD Jensen, MW Münter, H Bischoff, R Haselmann, C Timke, R Krempien, F Sterzing, S Nill, S Heeger, A Hoess, U Haberkorn, PE Huber, M Steins, M Thomas, J Debus and KK Herfarth
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:122
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  34. Unresectable biliary tract carcinoma is known to demonstrate a poor prognosis. We conducted a single arm phase II study of LFP therapy (5-FU (5-fluorourasil) continuous infusion (CVI) and Low-dose consecutive ...

    Authors: Kazuma Kobayashi, Akihito Tsuji, Sojiro Morita, Tadashi Horimi, Tetsuhiko Shirasaka and Takashi Kanematsu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:121
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. Advances in molecular biology and growing requirements from biomarker validation studies have generated a need for tissue banks to provide quality-controlled tissue samples with standardized clinical annotatio...

    Authors: Ashokkumar A Patel, John R Gilbertson, Anil V Parwani, Rajiv Dhir, Milton W Datta, Rajnish Gupta, Jules J Berman, Jonathan Melamed, Andre Kajdacsy-Balla, Jan Orenstein and Michael J Becich
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:120
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Phytopharmacological studies of different Calendula extracts have shown anti-inflamatory, anti-viral and anti-genotoxic properties of therapeutic interest. In this study, we evaluated the in vitro cytotoxic anti-...

    Authors: Eva Jiménez-Medina, Angel Garcia-Lora, Laura Paco, Ignacio Algarra, Antonia Collado and Federico Garrido
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:119
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Solitary plasmacytoma (SP) of the bone is a rare plasma-cell neoplasm. There are no conclusive data in the literature on the optimal radiation therapy (RT) dose in SP. Therefore, in this large retrospective st...

    Authors: David Knobel, Abderrahim Zouhair, Richard W Tsang, Philip Poortmans, Yazid Belkacémi, Michel Bolla, Fazilet Dinçbas Oner, Christine Landmann, Bernard Castelain and Mahmut Ozsahin
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:118
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. Primary pancreatic lymphomas (PPL) are rare tumours of the pancreas. Symptoms, imaging and tumour markers can mimic pancreatic adenocarcinoma, but they are much more amenable to treatment. Treatment for PPL re...

    Authors: Peter S Grimison, Melvin T Chin, Michelle L Harrison and David Goldstein
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:117
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  41. Breast cancer predisposition genes identified to date (e.g., BRCA1 and BRCA2) are responsible for less than 5% of all breast cancer cases. Many studies have shown that the cancer risks associated with individu...

    Authors: Venüs Ümmiye Onay, Laurent Briollais, Julia A Knight, Ellen Shi, Yuanyuan Wang, Sean Wells, Hong Li, Isaac Rajendram, Irene L Andrulis and Hilmi Ozcelik
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:114
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Therapeutic regulation of PPARδ activity using selective agonists has been proposed for various disorders. However, the consequences of altered peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARδ) activity...

    Authors: Karen R Reed, Owen J Sansom, Anthony J Hayes, Andreas J Gescher, Jeffrey M Peters and Alan R Clarke
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:113
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Prostate cancer that has recurred after local therapy or disseminated distantly is usually treated with androgen deprivation therapy; however, most men will eventually experience disease progression within 12 ...

    Authors: Eric Winquist, Tricia Waldron, Scott Berry, D Scott Ernst, Sébastien Hotte and Himu Lukka
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:112
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. The poly Q polymorphism in AIB1 (amplified in breast cancer) gene is usually assessed by fragment length analysis which does not reveal the actual sequence variation. The purpose of this study is to investigate t...

    Authors: Lee-Jun C Wong, Pu Dai, Jyh-Feng Lu, Mary Ann Lou, Robert Clarke and Viktor Nazarov
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:111
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Our previous cDNA array results indicated KIAA0101 as one of the differentially expressed genes in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as compared with non-cancerous liver. However, it is necessary to study i...

    Authors: Minglei Guo, Jinjun Li, Dafang Wan and Jianren Gu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:109
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. ACTH overproduction within the pituitary gland or ectopically leads to hypercortisolism. Here, we report the first case of Cushing' syndrome caused by an ectopic ACTH-secreting neuroendocrine carcinoma of the ...

    Authors: Mathias Fasshauer, Thomas Lincke, Helmut Witzigmann, Regine Kluge, Andrea Tannapfel, Michael Moche, Michael Buchfelder, Stephan Petersenn, Juergen Kratzsch, Ralf Paschke and Christian A Koch
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:108
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  48. New cancer therapeutic strategies must be investigated that enhance prostate cancer treatment while minimizing associated toxicities. We have previously shown that genistein, the major isoflavone found in soy,...

    Authors: Julian J Raffoul, Yu Wang, Omer Kucuk, Jeffrey D Forman, Fazlul H Sarkar and Gilda G Hillman
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:107
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. SSeCKS is a major protein kinase C substrate with kinase scaffolding and metastasis-suppressor activity whose expression is severely downregulated in Src- and Ras-transformed fibroblast and epithelial cells an...

    Authors: Yongzhong Liu, Lingqiu Gao and Irwin H Gelman
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2006 6:105
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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