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  1. Regional lymph node (LN) status is a well-known prognostic factor for vulvar carcinoma (VC) patients. Although the reliable LN assessment in VC is crucial, it presents significant diagnostic problems. We aimed...

    Authors: Magdalena Kowalewska, Jakub Radziszewski, Krzysztof Goryca, Mateusz Bujko, Malgorzata Oczko-Wojciechowska, Michal Jarzab, Janusz Aleksander Siedlecki and Mariusz Bidzinski
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:223
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in men in Sweden and Geneva, and the third most common in men in Singapore. This population-based study describes trends in the incidence and mortality...

    Authors: Cynthia Chen, Nasheen Naidoo, Qian Yang, Mikael Hartman, Helena M Verkooijen, En Yun Loy, Christine Bouchardy, Kee Seng Chia and Sin Eng Chia
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:222
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. TGFβ signaling has typically been associated with suppression of tumor initiation while the role it plays in metastasis is generally associated with progression of malignancy. However, we present evidence here...

    Authors: Neka A K Simms, Ashwani Rajput, Elizabeth A Sharratt, Melanie Ongchin, Carol A Teggart, Jing Wang and Michael G Brattain
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:221
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. MYCT1, previously named MTLC, is a novel candidate tumor suppressor gene. MYCT1 was cloned from laryngeal squamous cell cancer (LSCC) and has been found to be down-regulated in LSCC; however, the regulatory deta...

    Authors: Min Yang, Wei Li, Yi-Ying Liu, Shuang Fu, Guang-Bin Qiu, Kai-Lai Sun and Wei-Neng Fu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:219
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Methylation of promoter region is the major mechanism affecting gene expression in tumors. Recent methylome studies of brain tumors revealed a list of new epigenetically modified genes. Our aim was to study pr...

    Authors: Daina Skiriute, Paulina Vaitkiene, Viktoras Saferis, Virginija Asmoniene, Kestutis Skauminas, Vytenis Pranas Deltuva and Arimantas Tamasauskas
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:218
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. Li-Fraumeni-Syndrome (LFS) is an autosomal-dominant, inherited tumour predisposition syndrome associated with heterozygous germline mutations in the TP53 gene. Patients with LFS are at a high risk to develop earl...

    Authors: Karin Kast, Mechthild Krause, Markus Schuler, Katrin Friedrich, Barbara Thamm, Andrea Bier, Wolfgang Distler and Stefan Krüger
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:217
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  7. International treatment guidelines recommend administration of adjuvant chemotherapy in early breast cancer based on clinical, prognostic and predictive parameters.

    Authors: Matteo Clavarezza, Giorgio Mustacchi, Andrea Casadei Gardini, Lucia Del Mastro, Andrea De Matteis, Ferdinando Riccardi, Vincenzo Adamo, Enrico Aitini, Domenico Amoroso, Paolo Marchetti, Stefania Gori, Francesco Carrozza, Evaristo Maiello, Francesco Giotta, Davide Dondi and Marco Venturini
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:216
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) is one of the most frequent lymphoma in the western world. Despite a good overall prognosis, some patients suffer relapsing tumors which are difficult to cure. Over a long period Vitamin ...

    Authors: Christoph Renné, Alexander H Benz and Martin L Hansmann
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:215
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Limited penetration of anticancer drugs in solid tumours is a probable cause of drug resistance. Our previous results indicate that drug penetration depends on cellular packing density and adhesion between can...

    Authors: Rama H Grantab and Ian F Tannock
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:214
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. The Wnt/β-catenin signalling is aberrantly activated in primary B cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL). Epigenetic silencing of pathway inhibitor genes may be a mechanism for its activation. In this study,...

    Authors: Evgeny A Moskalev, Katrin Luckert, Ivan A Vorobjev, Sergey E Mastitsky, Aleena A Gladkikh, Achim Stephan, Marita Schrenk, Kamil D Kaplanov, Olga B Kalashnikova, Oliver Pötz, Thomas O Joos and Jörg D Hoheisel
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:213
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Limiting oxidative stress to the ovarian epithelium has been proposed as a first-line defense against ovarian cancer. Although evidence for an association between individual dietary antioxidant intake and ovar...

    Authors: Dina Gifkins, Sara H Olson, Lisa Paddock, Melony King, Kitaw Demissie, Shou-En Lu, Ah-Ng Tony Kong, Lorna Rodriguez-Rodriguez and Elisa V Bandera
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:211
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Historically, the median overall survival for follicular lymphoma (FL) has been considered to be 9-10 years, and no treatment had ever prolonged this time period. Studies conducted more than 20 years ago demon...

    Authors: Antonio Rueda, María Casanova, Maximino Redondo, Elisabeth Pérez-Ruiz and Ángeles Medina-Pérez
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:210
    Content type: Debate Published on:

  14. Numerous transgenic models have been generated to study breast cancer. However, despite many advantages, traditional transgenic models for breast cancer are also burdened with difficulties in early detection a...

    Authors: Agnieszka M Zagozdzon, Patrick O’Leary, John J Callanan, John Crown, William M Gallagher and Radoslaw Zagozdzon
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:209
    Content type: Technical advance Published on:

  15. Loco-regionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinomas can be cured by the combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. In Eastern countries, plasma levels of viral Epstein-Barr deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are ac...

    Authors: Daris Ferrari, Carla Codecà, Cecilia Bertuzzi, Francesca Broggio, Francesca Crepaldi, Andrea Luciani, Irene Floriani, Mohssen Ansarin, Fausto Chiesa, Daniela Alterio and Paolo Foa
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:208
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. BRCA1 (breast cancer 1, early onset) missense mutations have been detected in familial breast and ovarian cancers, but the role of these variants in cancer predisposition is often difficult to ascertain. In th...

    Authors: Caterina Iofrida, Erika Melissari, Veronica Mariotti, Chiara Guglielmi, Lucia Guidugli, Maria Adelaide Caligo and Silvia Pellegrini
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:207
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are detectable in peripheral blood of metastatic breast cancer patients (MBC). In this paper we evaluate a new CTC separation method based on a combination of anti-EpCAM- and ant...

    Authors: Ulrike Weissenstein, Agnes Schumann, Marcus Reif, Susanne Link, Ulrike D Toffol-Schmidt and Peter Heusser
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:206
    Content type: Technical advance Published on:

  18. Membrane-anchored heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (proHB-EGF) yields soluble HB-EGF, which is an epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) ligand, and a carboxy-terminal fragment of HB...

    Authors: Takaya Shimura, Michihiro Yoshida, Shinji Fukuda, Masahide Ebi, Yoshikazu Hirata, Tsutomu Mizoshita, Satoshi Tanida, Hiromi Kataoka, Takeshi Kamiya, Shigeki Higashiyama and Takashi Joh
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:205
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Pap screening, an effective method for cervical cancer prevention, is now supported by molecular human papillomavirus (HPV) testing. Recently commercialised preventive vaccines also provide new tools for the p...

    Authors: Giovanna Orlando, Elisabetta Tanzi, Liliane Chatenoud, Maria Gramegna and Giuliano Rizzardini
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:204
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  20. Abnormal NF-κB2 activation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma, a cancer of plasma cells. However, a causal role for aberrant NF-κB2 signaling in the development of plasma cell tumors h...

    Authors: Brian A McCarthy, Liqun Yang, Jane Ding, Mingqiang Ren, William King, Mohammed ElSalanty, Ibrahim Zakhary, Mohamed Sharawy, Hongjuan Cui and Han-Fei Ding
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:203
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. Cancer multidisciplinary teams (MDTs) are established in many countries but little is known about how well they function. A core activity is regular MDT meetings (MDMs) where treatment recommendations are agre...

    Authors: Cath Taylor, Louise Atkins, Alison Richardson, Ruth Tarrant and Amanda-Jane Ramirez
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:202
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. 5-fluorouracil, leucovorin, irinotecan and oxaliplatin (FOLFIRINOX) is superior to gemcitabine in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer who have a good performance status. We investigated this combination...

    Authors: Peter J Hosein, Jessica Macintyre, Carolina Kawamura, Jennifer Cudris Maldonado, Vinicius Ernani, Arturo Loaiza-Bonilla, Govindarajan Narayanan, Afonso Ribeiro, Lorraine Portelance, Jaime R Merchan, Joe U Levi and Caio M Rocha-Lima
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:199
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Women treated for Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) have an elevated risk of developing second breast cancer (SBC) compared with the general population. We planned this meta-analysis to quantify the long-term risk of SB...

    Authors: Ezzeldin M Ibrahim, Khaled M Abouelkhair, Ghieth A Kazkaz, Osama A Elmasri and Meteb Al-Foheidi
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:197
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. This study examined the association between overall survival and Glutathione S-transferase Pi (GST Pi) expression and genetic polymorphism in stage C colon cancer patients after resection alone versus resectio...

    Authors: Lucy Jankova, Graham Robertson, Charles Chan, King L Tan, Maija Kohonen-Corish, Caroline L-S Fung, Candice Clarke, Betty P C Lin, Mark Molloy, Pierre H Chapuis, Les Bokey, Owen F Dent and Stephen J Clarke
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:196
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. Although the role of microRNA’s (miRNA’s) biogenesis pathway genes in cancer development and progression has been well established, the association between genetic variants of this pathway genes and breast can...

    Authors: Hyuna Sung, Sujee Jeon, Kyoung-Mu Lee, Sohee Han, Minkyo Song, Ji-Yeob Choi, Sue K Park, Keun-Young Yoo, Dong-Young Noh, Sei-Hyun Ahn and Daehee Kang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:195
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Hypoxic tumors are refractory to radiation and chemotherapy. High expression of biomarkers related to hypoxia in head and neck cancer is associated with a poorer prognosis. The present study aimed to evaluate ...

    Authors: Yu-Tsai Lin, Hui-Ching Chuang, Chang-Han Chen, Gian Luca Armas, Han-Ku Chen, Fu-Min Fang, Chao-Cheng Huang and Chih-Yen Chien
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:194
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. Although a number of experimental studies have suggested the role of lipocalin-2 (LCN2) and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in breast cancer progression, limited numbers of epidemiological studies have exam...

    Authors: Hyuna Sung, Ji-Yeob Choi, Sang-Ah Lee, Kyoung-Mu Lee, Sohee Han, Sujee Jeon, Minkyo Song, Yunhee Lee, Sue K Park, Keun-Young Yoo, Dong-Young Noh, Sei-Hyun Ahn and Daehee Kang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:193
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) plays critical roles in vascular morphogenesis and its upregulation is frequently associated with various tumors. Previous studies showed that certain selenium compounds possess anti-tum...

    Authors: Xiaojing Wu, Yidi Zhang, Zengyang Pei, Si Chen, Xu Yang, Yin Chen, Degui Lin and Runlin Z Ma
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:192
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (Emmprin/CD147) is a transmembrane glycoprotein that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily. Enriched on the surface of many tumor cells, emmprin promotes tumo...

    Authors: Keiichiro Nakamura, Junichi Kodama, Atsushi Hongo and Yuji Hiramatsu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:191
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. To investigate the prognostic significance of disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) in bone marrow (BM) from non-metastatic breast cancer patients before and after surgery.

    Authors: Kjersti Tjensvoll, Satu Oltedal, Reino Heikkilä, Jan Terje Kvaløy, Bjørnar Gilje, James M Reuben, Rune Smaaland and Oddmund Nordgård
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:190
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Prostate cancer is the most common male cancer in the Western world however there is ongoing debate about the optimal treatment strategy for localised disease. While surgery remains the most commonly received ...

    Authors: Robert A Gardiner, John Yaxley, Geoff Coughlin, Nigel Dunglison, Stefano Occhipinti, Sandra Younie, Rob Carter, Scott Williams, Robyn J Medcraft, Nigel Bennett, Martin F Lavin and Suzanne Kathleen Chambers
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:189
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  34. CT screening for lung cancer has recently been shown to reduce lung cancer mortality, but screening may have adverse mental health effects. We calculated risk ratios for prescription of anti-depressive (AD) or...

    Authors: Linda Kaerlev, Maria Iachina, Jesper Holst Pedersen, Anders Green and Bente Mertz Nørgård
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:188
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. The role of adjuvant chemotherapy and the value of molecular biomarkers in bladder cancer have not been determined. We aimed to assess the predictive and prognostic values of excision repair cross-complementat...

    Authors: Jong-Mu Sun, Ji-Youn Sung, Se Hoon Park, Ghee Young Kwon, Byong Chang Jeong, Seong Il Seo, Seong Soo Jeon, Hyun Moo Lee, Jisuk Jo, Han Yong Choi and Ho Yeong Lim
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:187
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. The use of imatinib mesylate is associated with a progression free survival of 41 months in first line treatment of metastatic or locally advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) and other studies appro...

    Authors: Christoph Seidel, Martin Fenner, Florian Länger, Heike Bantel, Arnold Ganser and Viktor Grünwald
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:186
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  37. Elderly patients are more vulnerable to toxicity from chemotherapy. Activating epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are associated with enhanced response to EGFR...

    Authors: Shiro Fujita, Nobuyuki Katakami, Katsuhiro Masago, Hiroshige Yoshioka, Keisuke Tomii, Toshihiko Kaneda, Masataka Hirabayashi, Kei Kunimasa, Toshio Morizane and Tadashi Mio
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:185
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. This study systematically reviewed the evidence on the influence of stigma and nihilism on lung cancer patterns of care; patients’ psychosocial and quality of life (QOL) outcomes; and how this may link to publ...

    Authors: Suzanne K Chambers, Jeffrey Dunn, Stefano Occhipinti, Suzanne Hughes, Peter Baade, Sue Sinclair, Joanne Aitken, Pip Youl and Dianne L O’Connell
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:184
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. More than 50% of the colorectal cancer (CRC) etiology has been attributed to diet. Established or suspected dietary factors modifying risk of CRC are red meat, cereals, fish, and fibre. Diet and lifestyle may ...

    Authors: Vibeke Andersen, Rikke Egeberg, Anne Tjønneland and Ulla Vogel
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:183
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Fecal occult blood test screening in Canada is sub-optimal. Family physicians play a central role in screening and are limited by the time constraints of clinical practice. Patients face multiple barriers that...

    Authors: Kathleen Clouston, Alan Katz, Patricia J Martens, Jeff Sisler, Donna Turner, Michelle Lobchuk and Susan McClement
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:182
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  41. During the last two decades the use of laparoscopic resection and a multimodal approach known as an enhanced recovery programme, have been major changes in colorectal perioperative care. Clinical outcome impro...

    Authors: Robin H Kennedy, Anne Francis, Susan Dutton, Sharon Love, Sarah Pearson, Jane M Blazeby, Philip Quirke, Peter J Franks and David J Kerr
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:181
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  42. Chrysin and its analogues, belongs to flavonoid family and possess potential anti-tumour activity. The aim of this study is to determine the molecular mechanism by which chrysin controls cell growth and induce...

    Authors: Manika Pal-Bhadra, M Janaki Ramaiah, T Lakshminarayan Reddy, Anita Krishnan, SNCVL Pushpavalli, K Suresh Babu, Ashok K Tiwari, J Madhusudana Rao, Jhillu S Yadav and Utpal Bhadra
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:180
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Since cholangiocarcinoma has a poor prognosis, several epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted therapies with antibody or small molecule inhibitor treatment have been proposed. However, their effect r...

    Authors: Anping Gui, Akira Kobayashi, Hiroaki Motoyama, Masato Kitazawa, Michiko Takeoka and Shinichi Miyagawa
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:179
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Circulating tumour cells (CTCs) have shown prognostic relevance in metastatic breast, prostate, colon and pancreatic cancer. For further development of CTCs as a biomarker, we compared the performance of diffe...

    Authors: Tobias M Gorges, Ingeborg Tinhofer, Michael Drosch, Lars Röse, Thomas M Zollner, Thomas Krahn and Oliver von Ahsen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:178
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. MicroRNAs expression has been extensively studied in hepatocellular carcinoma but little is known regarding the relationship, if any, with inflammation, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), host’s repa...

    Authors: Cardin Romilda, Piciocchi Marika, Sinigaglia Alessandro, Lavezzo Enrico, Bortolami Marina, Kotsafti Andromachi, Cillo Umberto, Zanus Giacomo, Mescoli Claudia, Rugge Massimo and Farinati Fabio
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:177
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Cancer 2014 14:284

  46. Overcoming platinum resistance is a major obstacle in the treatment of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer (EOC). In our previous work Decoy Receptor 3 (DcR3) was found to be related to platinum resistance. The major ob...

    Authors: Joseph P Connor, Mildred Felder, Arvinder Kapur and Nonyem Onujiogu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:176
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. To evaluate the feasibility of image-guided radiotherapy based on helical Tomotherapy to spare the contralateral parotid gland in head and neck cancer patients with unilateral or no neck node metastases.

    Authors: Nam P Nguyen, Paul Vos, Vincent Vinh-Hung, Misty Ceizyk, Lexie Smith-Raymond, Michelle Stevie, Benjamin Slane, Alexander Chi, Anand Desai, Shane P Krafft, Siyoung Jang, Russ Hamilton, Ulf Karlsson and Dave Abraham
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:175
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. Psychological distress is common in cancer survivors. Although there is some evidence on effectiveness of psychosocial care in distressed cancer patients, referral rate is low. Lack of adequate screening instr...

    Authors: Anne-Marie H Krebber, C René Leemans, Remco de Bree, Annemieke van Straten, Filip Smit, Egbert F Smit, Annemarie Becker, Guus M Eeckhout, Aartjan TF Beekman, Pim Cuijpers and Irma M Verdonck-de Leeuw
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:173
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  50. Patients ≥ 70 years with small, low-risk breast cancer who are operated but not irradiated how local relapse rates around 4% after 4 years. With adjuvant whole breast radiotherapy (WBRT) the local relapse rate...

    Authors: Christian Neumaier, Sperk Elena, Welzel Grit, Abo-Madyan Yasser, Kraus-Tiefenbacher Uta, Keller Anke, Gerhardt Axel, Sütterlin Marc and Wenz Frederik
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2012 12:171
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

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