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  1. Current chemotherapy of human cancers focuses on the DNA damage pathway to induce a p53-mediated cellular response leading to either G1 arrest or apoptosis. However, genotoxic treatments may induce mutations a...

    Authors: Valentina Turinetto, Paola Porcedda, Luca Orlando, Mario De Marchi, Antonio Amoroso and Claudia Giachino
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:281
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that plays an important role in survival signaling. FAK has been shown to be overexpressed in breast cancer tumors at early stages of tumorigenesis.

    Authors: Vita M Golubovskaya, Min Zheng, Li Zhang, Jian-Liang Li and William G Cance
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:280
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. Activator protein 2 gamma (AP-2γ) is a member of the transcription factor activator protein-2 (AP-2) family, which is developmentally regulated and plays a role in human neoplasia. AP-2γ has been found to be o...

    Authors: He Ailan, Xiao Xiangwen, Ren Daolong, Gan Lu, Ding Xiaofeng, Qiao Xi, Hu Xingwang, Liu Rushi, Zhang Jian and Xiang Shuanglin
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:279
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. Recently published data showed discrepancies beteween P53 cDNA and DNA sequencing in glioblastomas. We hypothesised that similar discrepancies may be observed in other human cancers.

    Authors: Malgorzata Szybka, Magdalena Zakrzewska, Piotr Rieske, Grazyna Pasz-Walczak, Dominika Kulczycka-Wojdala, Izabela Zawlik, Robert Stawski, Dorota Jesionek-Kupnicka, Pawel P Liberski and Radzislaw Kordek
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:278
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. There have been few prospective observational studies which recruited older newly-diagnosed cancer patients, and of these only some have reported information on the number needed to screen to recruit their stu...

    Authors: Martine TE Puts, Johanne Monette, Veronique Girre, Christina Wolfson, Michele Monette, Gerald Batist and Howard Bergman
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:277
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  6. Decreased expression of the interferon-stimulated, putative tumour suppressor gene XAF1 has been shown to play a role during the onset, progression and treatment failure in various malignancies. However, littl...

    Authors: Carsten Kempkensteffen, Florian Rudolf Fritzsche, Manfred Johannsen, Steffen Weikert, Stefan Hinz, Manfred Dietel, Marc-Oliver Riener, Holger Moch, Klaus Jung, Hans Krause, Kurt Miller and Glen Kristiansen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:276
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Cervical cancer and infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are both important public health problems in South Africa (SA). The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of cervical squamous ...

    Authors: Jennifer R Moodley, Deborah Constant, Margaret Hoffman, Anna Salimo, Bruce Allan, Ed Rybicki, Inga Hitzeroth and Anna-Lise Williamson
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:275
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. It is well recognized that colorectal cancer does not frequently metastasize to bone. The aim of this retrospective study was to establish whether colorectal cancer ever bypasses other organs and metastasizes ...

    Authors: Eira S Roth, David T Fetzer, Bruce J Barron, Usha A Joseph, Isis W Gayed and David Q Wan
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:274
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Concomitant chemotherapy and radiotherapy (chemoradiation; CRT) is the standard treatment for locoregionally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (LA-SCCHN). CRT improves local control and ove...

    Authors: Pol M Specenier, Joost Weyler, Carl Van Laer, Danielle Van den Weyngaert, Jan Van den Brande, Manon T Huizing, Sevilay Altintas and Jan B Vermorken
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:273
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Bone metastases are a common cause of skeletal morbidity in patients with advanced cancer. The pattern of skeletal morbidity is complex, and the number of skeletal complications is influenced by the duration o...

    Authors: Pierre P Major, Richard J Cook, Allan Lipton, Matthew R Smith, Evangelos Terpos and Robert E Coleman
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:272
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has a prevalence of over 20% in Western societies. Affected individuals are at risk of developing both cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer (HCC). Presently there is no...

    Authors: Joe Gray, Dipankar Chattopadhyay, Gary S Beale, Gillian L Patman, Luca Miele, Barry P King, Stephen Stewart, Mark Hudson, Christopher P Day, Derek M Manas and Helen L Reeves
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:271
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. Loss of heterozygosity of chromosome 10q26 has been shown to be associated with the aggressiveness of astrocytic tumors (or astrocytomas), but the responsible gene(s) residing in this region has not been fully...

    Authors: Jingmei Liu, Huimei Lu, Hiroko Ohgaki, Adrian Merlo and Zhiyuan Shen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:268
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. Neuroblastoma (NB) is the principal tumor of the sympathetic nervous system in children under one year of age. The incidence in developed countries is greater than that in developing countries. The aim of this...

    Authors: Servando Juárez-Ocaña, Virginia Palma-Padilla, Guadalupe González-Miranda, Alicia Georgina Siordia-Reyes, Enrique López-Aguilar, Martha Aguilar-Martínez, Juan Manuel Mejía-Aranguré, Rogelio Carreón-Cruz, Mario Enrique Rendón-Macías and Arturo Fajardo-Gutiérrez
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:266
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. Needle core biopsy, often in conjunction with ultrasonic or stereotactic guided techniques, is frequently used to diagnose breast carcinoma in women. Confocal scanning laser microscopy (CSLM) is a technology t...

    Authors: Linda M Schiffhauer, J Neil Boger, Thomas A Bonfiglio, James M Zavislan, Margarita Zuley and Christi Alessi Fox
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:265
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Most patients with ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma are diagnosed with locally advanced (unresectable) or metastatic disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic significance of DNA ploidy in ...

    Authors: Nikolas Tsavaris, Nicolaos Kavantzas, Kostantinos Tsigritis, Ioannis D Xynos, Nikitas Papadoniou, Andreas Lazaris, Christos Kosmas, George Agrogiannis, Anna Dokou, Evangelos Felekouras, Efstathios Antoniou, Aris Polyzos, John Sarantonis, Heracles Tsipras, Gavrilos Karatzas, Alexandros Papalambros…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:264
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Metastatic melanoma is an incurable disease with an average survival of less than one year. Talabostat is a novel dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitor with immunostimulatory properties.

    Authors: Robert M Eager, C Casey Cunningham, Neil N Senzer, Joe Stephenson Jr, Stephen P Anthony, Steven J O'Day, Gary Frenette, Anna C Pavlick, Barry Jones, Margaret Uprichard and John Nemunaitis
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:263
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. Aggressive non-melanoma skin cancer (deeply infiltrating, recurrent, and morphea form lesions) are therapeutically challenging because they require considerable tissue loss and may demand radical disfiguring s...

    Authors: Lorenzo Anasagasti-Angulo, Yanelda Garcia-Vega, Silvia Barcelona-Perez, Pedro Lopez-Saura and Iraldo Bello-Rivero
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:262
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. The development and progression of liver cancer may involve abnormal changes in DNA methylation, which lead to the activation of certain proto-oncogenes, such as c-myc, as well as the inactivation of certain tumo...

    Authors: Yan-ping Du, Jun-sheng Peng, Ai Sun, Zhi-hong Tang, Wen-hua Ling and Hui-lian Zhu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:261
    Content type: Database Published on:

  22. Oral squamous cell carcinoma could be preceded by clinically evident oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs). Transformation of OPMDs to cancer has been studied in several population groups. It is difficu...

    Authors: Pei-Shan Ho, Pai-Li Chen, Saman Warnakulasuriya, Tien-Yu Shieh, Yun-Kwan Chen and I-Yueh Huang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:260
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Breast cancer is a major problem in the United States leading to tens of thousands of deaths each year. Although citrus auraptene suppresses cancer in numerous rodent models, its role in breast cancer preventi...

    Authors: Prasad Krishnan, Karen J Yan, David Windler, Jesse Tubbs, Robert Grand, Benjamin DL Li, C Marcelo Aldaz, Jerry McLarty and Heather E Kleiner-Hancock
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:259
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. The prognosis for patients with breast tumor metastases to brain is extremely poor. Identification of prognostic molecular markers of the metastatic process is critical for designing therapeutic modalities for...

    Authors: Divya Khaitan, Umesh T Sankpal, Babette Weksler, Edward A Meister, Ignacio A Romero, Pierre-Olivier Couraud and Nagendra S Ningaraj
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:258
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GNRH1) triggers the release of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone from the pituitary. Genetic variants in the gene encoding GNRH1 or its receptor may influence...

    Authors: Federico Canzian, Rudolf Kaaks, David G Cox, Katherine D Henderson, Brian E Henderson, Christine Berg, Sheila Bingham, Heiner Boeing, Julie Buring, Eugenia E Calle, Stephen Chanock, Francoise Clavel-Chapelon, Laure Dossus, Heather Spencer Feigelson, Christopher A Haiman, Susan E Hankinson…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:257
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Smokeless tobacco is an alternative for smokers who want to quit but require nicotine. Reliable evidence on its effects is needed. Boffetta et al. and ourselves recently reviewed the evidence on cancer, based ...

    Authors: Peter N Lee and Jan Hamling
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:256
    Content type: Correspondence Published on:

  27. Dramatic weight loss is an often underestimated symptom in pancreatic cancer patients. Cachexia- defined as an unintended loss of stable weight exceeding 10% – is present in up to 80% of patients with cancer o...

    Authors: Jeannine Bachmann, Knut Ketterer, Christiane Marsch, Kerstin Fechtner, Holger Krakowski-Roosen, Markus W Büchler, Helmut Friess and Marc E Martignoni
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:255
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. The primary goal of breast-conserving surgery (BCS) is to completely excise the tumor and achieve "adequate" or "negative" surgical resection margins while maintaining an acceptable level of postoperative cosm...

    Authors: Stephen P Povoski, Rafael E Jimenez, Wenle P Wang and Ronald X Xu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:254
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. Traditional prognostic factors in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) are inadequate in predicting recurrence and long-term prognosis, but genome-wide cancer research has recently provided multiple potentially use...

    Authors: Renata A Tassi, Stefano Calza, Antonella Ravaggi, Eliana Bignotti, Franco E Odicino, Germana Tognon, Carla Donzelli, Marcella Falchetti, Elisa Rossi, Paola Todeschini, Chiara Romani, Elisabetta Bandiera, Laura Zanotti, Sergio Pecorelli and Alessandro D Santin
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:253
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. The acute and chronic leukaemias constitute about 2.5% of all newly diagnosed malignancies and kill over 4000 people/year in the UK, yet there is little accurate up-to-date data on how the incidence of and mor...

    Authors: Fatima Bhayat, Emma Das-Gupta, Chris Smith, Tricia McKeever and Richard Hubbard
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:252
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. The discovery of a "serrated neoplasia pathway" has highlighted the role of hyperplastic lesions of the colon as the significant precursor of colorectal adenocarcinoma. In mice, hyperplasia of the colonic muco...

    Authors: Emina Emilia Torlakovic, Vicki Keeler, Chang Wang, Hyun J Lim, Leslie Ann Lining and Suzanne Laferté
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:251
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Ginsenoside Rg3, a saponin extracted from ginseng, inhibits angiogenesis. The combination of low-dose chemotherapy and anti-angiogenic inhibitors suppresses growth of experimental tumors more effectively than ...

    Authors: Tai-Guo Liu, Ying Huang, Dan-Dan Cui, Xiao-Bing Huang, Shu-Hua Mao, Ling-Ling Ji, Hai-Bo Song and Cheng Yi
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:250
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. The effects of sorafenib in the treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) have been confirmed in an international collaborative phase III trial. This study aims to confirm similar efficacy and treatment...

    Authors: Hailiang Zhang, Baijun Dong, Jiade J Lu, Xudong Yao, Shilin Zhang, Bo Dai, Yijun Shen, Yao Zhu, Dingwei Ye and Yiran Huang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:249
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is the most common renal neoplasm. Cancer tissue is often characterized by altered energy regulation. Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABP) are involved in the intracellular transport o...

    Authors: Angelika Tölle, Monika Jung, Michael Lein, Manfred Johannsen, Kurt Miller, Holger Moch, Klaus Jung and Glen Kristiansen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:248
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. Among the salivary gland carcinomas, carcinoma in pleomorphic adenoma has been regarded as a representative carcinoma type which arises secondarily in the background of a pre-existent benign pleomorphic adenom...

    Authors: Satoshi Maruyama, Jun Cheng, Susumu Shingaki, Takashi Tamura, Shuichi Asakawa, Shinsei Minoshima, Yoshiko Shimizu, Nobuyoshi Shimizu and Takashi Saku
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:247
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9) is a marker for hypoxia and acidosis, which is linked to a poor prognosis in human tumors. The purpose of this comparative analysis was to evaluate whether CA9 and VEGF expression ar...

    Authors: Yong Sang Hong, Hyeon Jin Cho, Sun Young Kim, Kyung Hae Jung, Ji Won Park, Hyo Seong Choi, Jae Hwan Oh, Byung Chang Kim, Dae Kyung Sohn, Dae Yong Kim and Hee Jin Chang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:246
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. In recent years, numerous studies have assessed the prevalence of germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in various cohorts. We here extensively investigated the prevalence and geographical distribution of B...

    Authors: Grazia Palomba, Angela Loi, Antonella Uras, Patrizia Fancello, Giovanna Piras, Attilio Gabbas, Antonio Cossu, Mario Budroni, Antonio Contu, Francesco Tanda, Antonio Farris, Sandra Orrù, Carlo Floris, Marina Pisano, Mario Lovicu, Maria Cristina Santona…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:245
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. The absence of highly sensitive and specific serum biomarkers makes mass screening for ovarian cancer impossible. The claudin proteins are frequently overexpressed in ovarian cancers, but their potential as pr...

    Authors: Jianghong Li, Cheryl A Sherman-Baust, Miyun Tsai-Turton, Robert E Bristow, Richard B Roden and Patrice J Morin
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:244
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Over the past decades, in spite of intensive search, no significant increase in the survival of patients with glioblastoma has been obtained. The role of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and especially the activi...

    Authors: Ahcene Boumendjel, Anne McLeer-Florin, Pierre Champelovier, Diane Allegro, Dima Muhammad, Florence Souard, Madiha Derouazi, Vincent Peyrot, Bertrand Toussaint and Jean Boutonnat
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:242
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. Tumor hypoxia is an important factor related to tumor resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. This study investigated molecules synthesized in colorectal cancer cells during hypoxia to explore the possibi...

    Authors: Fu-Yen Chung, Ming-Yii Huang, Ching-Sheng Yeh, Hui-Jen Chang, Tian-Lu Cheng, Li-Chen Yen, Jaw-Yuan Wang and Shiu-Ru Lin
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:241
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Twist, a transcription factor of the basic helix-loop-helix class, is reported to regulate cancer metastasis. It is known to induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In this study, we evaluated the expr...

    Authors: Noriyuki Matsuo, Hidenori Shiraha, Tatsuya Fujikawa, Nobuyuki Takaoka, Naoki Ueda, Shigetomi Tanaka, Shinichi Nishina, Yutaka Nakanishi, Masayuki Uemura, Akinobu Takaki, Shinichiro Nakamura, Yoshiyuki Kobayashi, Kazuhiro Nouso, Takahito Yagi and Kazuhide Yamamoto
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:240
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Amplification of the MYCN gene in neuroblastoma (NB) is associated with a poor prognosis. However, MYCN-amplification does not automatically result in higher expression of MYCN in children with NB. We hypothesize...

    Authors: Joannes FM Jacobs, Hans van Bokhoven, Frank N van Leeuwen, Christina A Hulsbergen-van de Kaa, I Jolanda M de Vries, Gosse J Adema, Peter M Hoogerbrugge and Arjan PM de Brouwer
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:239
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of TNF genetic variants and the combined effect between TNF gene and cigarette smoking in the development of gastric cancer in the Korean population.

    Authors: Jae Jeong Yang, Kwang-Pil Ko, Lisa Y Cho, Aesun Shin, Jin Gwack, Soung-Hoon Chang, Hai-Rim Shin, Keun-Young Yoo, Daehee Kang and Sue K Park
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:238
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Low-risk breast cancer susceptibility alleles or SNPs confer only modest breast cancer risks ranging from just over 1.0 to1.3 fold. Yet, they are common among most populations and therefore are involved in the...

    Authors: Muhammad Riaz, Fons Elstrodt, Antoinette Hollestelle, Abbas Dehghan, Jan GM Klijn and Mieke Schutte
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:236
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. A feature of epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) relevant to tumour dissemination is the reorganization of actin cytoskeleton/focal contacts, influencing cellular ECM adherence and motility. This is cou...

    Authors: Honor J Hugo, Razan Wafai, Tony Blick, Erik W Thompson and Donald F Newgreen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:235
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the fifth most common malignancy in the world and constitutes the leading cause of cancer-related death among men, and second among women in Taiwan. Liver cirrhosis and HCC ar...

    Authors: Chun-Nan Yeh, See-Tong Pang, Tsung-Wen Chen, Ren-Ching Wu, Wen-Hui Weng and Miin-Fu Chen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:233
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) represents one of the most malignant tumors. To improve the poor prognosis, it is necessary to diagnose esophageal SCC at early stages using new tumor markers. SEREX (s...

    Authors: Hideaki Shimada, Tooru Shiratori, Mari Yasuraoka, Akiko Kagaya, Mari Kuboshima, Fumio Nomura, Masaki Takiguchi, Takenori Ochiai, Hisahiro Matsubara and Takaki Hiwasa
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:232
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. There is evidence that the immune systems of patients with breast cancer are dysfunctional. Regulatory T cells (Tregs), and IDO, an immunosuppressive enzyme, are associated with more advanced disease in some c...

    Authors: Aaron S Mansfield, Paivi S Heikkila, Ari T Vaara, Karl AJ von Smitten, Jukka M Vakkila and Marjut HK Leidenius
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2009 9:231
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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