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  1. Bronchial carcinoids are pulmonary neuroendocrine cell-derived tumors comprising typical (TC) and atypical (AC) malignant phenotypes. The 5-year survival rate in metastatic carcinoid, despite multiple current ...

    Authors: Reza Bayat Mokhtari, Sushil Kumar, Syed S Islam, Mehrdad Yazdanpanah, Khosrow Adeli, Ernest Cutz and Herman Yeger
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:378
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Few studies have investigated the impact of urinary incontinence (UI) on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among cancer survivors. UI is prevalent in the general population and can be both an indicator of...

    Authors: Alexandra J White, Bryce B Reeve, Ronald C Chen, Angela M Stover and Debra E Irwin
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:377
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. This paper presents the level of colorectal cancer awareness among multi-ethnic rural population in Malaysia.

    Authors: Tin Tin Su, Jun Yan Goh, Jackson Tan, Abdul Rahim Muhaimah, Yoganathan Pigeneswaren, Nasirin Sallamun Khairun, Abdul Wahab Normazidah, Devi Kunasekaran Tharisini and Hazreen Abd Majid
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:376
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Drug resistance is a common cause of treatment failure in cancer patients and encompasses a multitude of different mechanisms. The aim of the present study was to identify drugs effective on multidrug resistan...

    Authors: Mårten Fryknäs, Joachim Gullbo, Xin Wang, Linda Rickardson, Malin Jarvius, Malin Wickström, Saadia Hassan, Claes Andersson, Mats Gustafsson, Gunnar Westman, Peter Nygren, Stig Linder and Rolf Larsson
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:374
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. New Zealand and Australia have the highest incidence and mortality rates from cutaneous melanoma in the world. The predominantly fair-skinned New Zealanders and Australians both enjoy sun, tanned skin and the ...

    Authors: Mary Jane Sneyd and Brian Cox
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:372
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. Uveal melanoma is a highly aggressive cancer with a strong propensity for metastasis, yet little is known about the biological mechanisms underlying this metastatic potential. We recently showed that most meta...

    Authors: Katie A Matatall, Olga A Agapova, Michael D Onken, Lori A Worley, Anne M Bowcock and J William Harbour
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:371
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Thymidylate synthase (TYMS) is an important folate-dependent enzyme in DNA synthesis and an important target for cancer chemotherapy. High TYMS expression levels in tumors are generally associated with resista...

    Authors: Keisuke Gotanda, Takeshi Hirota, Nozomi Matsumoto and Ichiro Ieiri
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:369
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. We previously reported that Axin1 (Axin) is down-regulated in many cases of lung cancer, and X-ray irradiation increased Axin expression and inhibited lung cancer cells. The mechanisms, however, were not clear.

    Authors: Lian-He Yang, Yang Han, Guang Li, Hong-Tao Xu, Gui-Yang Jiang, Yuan Miao, Xiu-Peng Zhang, Huan-Yu Zhao, Zheng-Fan Xu, Maggie Stoecker, Endi Wang, Ke Xu and En-Hua Wang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:368
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Cancer 2019 19:268

  12. Investigating how the immune system functions during malignancies is crucial to developing novel therapeutic strategies. Natural killer (NK) cells, an important component of the innate immune system, play a vi...

    Authors: Rauf Bhat and Jean Rommelaere
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:367
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. The DEK protein is related to chromatin reconstruction and gene transcription, and plays an important role in cell apoptosis. High expression levels of the human DEK gene have been correlated with numerous hum...

    Authors: Lijuan Lin, Junjie Piao, Wenbin Gao, Yingshi Piao, Guang Jin, Yue Ma, Jinzi Li and Zhenhua Lin
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:366
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. We aimed to examine evidence for an infectious aetiology among teenagers and young adults (TYA) by analysing monthly seasonality of diagnosis and birth amongst 15–24 year olds diagnosed with cancer in England.

    Authors: Marlous van Laar, Sally E Kinsey, Susan V Picton and Richard G Feltbower
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:365
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematopoietic malignancy with a dismal outcome in the majority of cases. A detailed understanding of the genetic alterations and gene expression changes that contribute to its...

    Authors: Anna Rommer, Katarina Steinleitner, Hubert Hackl, Christine Schneckenleithner, Maria Engelmann, Marcel Scheideler, Irena Vlatkovic, Robert Kralovics, Sabine Cerny-Reiterer, Peter Valent, Heinz Sill and Rotraud Wieser
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:364
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. Recently, a phase II clinical trial in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has suggested that the combination of sorafenib and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is feasible and side effects are manageable. However, preclinical...

    Authors: Lifen Deng, Zhenggang Ren, Qingan Jia, Weizhong Wu, Hujia Shen and Yanhong Wang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:363
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. The prostate is divided into three glandular zones, the peripheral zone (PZ), the transition zone (TZ), and the central zone. Most prostate tumors arise in the peripheral zone (70-75%) and in the transition zo...

    Authors: Jessica Carlsson, Gisela Helenius, Mats G Karlsson, Ove Andrén, Karin Klinga-Levan and Björn Olsson
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:362
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of the cell adhesion-related glycoproteins MUC-1, β-catenin and E-cadherin in multicentric/multifocal breast cancer in comparison to unifocal disease in ord...

    Authors: Tobias Weissenbacher, Eva Hirte, Christina Kuhn, Wolfgang Janni, Doris Mayr, Uwe Karsten, Brigitte Rack, Klaus Friese, Udo Jeschke, Sabine Heublein, Darius Dian and Nina Ditsch
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:361
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. It is widely recognized that spiritual care plays an important role in physical and psychosocial well-being of cancer patients, but there is little evidence based research on the effects of spiritual care. We ...

    Authors: Renske Kruizinga, Michael Scherer-Rath, Johannes BAM Schilderman, Mirjam AG Sprangers and Hanneke WM Van Laarhoven
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:360
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  20. Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) is a multifunctional Ig-like cell adhesion molecule that has a wide range of biological functions. According to previous reports, serum CEACA...

    Authors: Mu-qing Zhou, Yan Du, Yi-wen Liu, Ying-zhi Wang, Yi-qing He, Cui-xia Yang, Wen-juan Wang and Feng Gao
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:359
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. Cancer stem cell model hypothesizes existence of a small proportion of tumor cells capable of sustaining tumor formation, self-renewal and differentiation. In breast cancer, these cells were found to be associ...

    Authors: Marija Balic, Daniela Schwarzenbacher, Stefanie Stanzer, Ellen Heitzer, Martina Auer, Jochen B Geigl, Richard J Cote, Ram H Datar and Nadia Dandachi
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:358
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. Invasive cervical cancer is the second most common malignant tumor affecting Brazilian women. Knowledge on Human Papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in invasive cervical cancer cases is crucial to guide the introdu...

    Authors: Cristina Mendes de Oliveira, José Humberto Tavares Guerreiro Fregnani, Jesus Paula Carvalho, Adhemar Longatto-Filho and José Eduardo Levi
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:357
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Abnormal expression of Baculoviral inhibitor of apoptosis repeat-containing 5 (BIRC5, also called as survivin), a novel member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP) family, has implications in many types of...

    Authors: Jiawei Chen, Xinhai Cui, Hai Zhou, Chao Qin, Qiang Cao, Xiaobing Ju, Pu Li, Hongzhou Cai, Jian Zhu, Xiaoxin Meng, Meilin Wang, Zhengdong Zhang, Pengfei Shao, Jie Li and Changjun Yin
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:356
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Serum CYFRA 21–1 is one of the most important serum markers in the diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), especially squamous-cell carcinoma. However, it remains unknown whether pretreatment serum CY...

    Authors: Akira Ono, Toshiaki Takahashi, Keita Mori, Hiroaki Akamatsu, Takehito Shukuya, Tetsuhiko Taira, Hirotsugu Kenmotsu, Tateaki Naito, Haruyasu Murakami, Takashi Nakajima, Masahiro Endo and Nobuyuki Yamamoto
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:354
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. To evaluate if human papillomavirus (HPV) self-sampling (Self-HPV) using a dry vaginal swab is a valid alternative for HPV testing.

    Authors: Isabelle Eperon, Pierre Vassilakos, Isabelle Navarria, Pierre-Alain Menoud, Aude Gauthier, Jean-Claude Pache, Michel Boulvain, Sarah Untiet and Patrick Petignat
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:353
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  27. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) has been associated with a higher risk of developing malignancy and mortality, and patients with VTE may therefore benefit from increased surveillance. We aimed to construct a clin...

    Authors: Bruno L Ferreyro, Federico Angriman, Diego Giunta, María Lourdes Posadas-Martínez, Fernando Vazquez, Fernán Gonzalez Bernaldo De Quirós, Andre C K B Amaral and Damon C Scales
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:352
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  28. Until now, FISH has been the gold standard technique to identify HER2 amplification status in ambiguous cases of breast cancer. Alternative techniques have been developed to increase the capacities of investigati...

    Authors: Jocelyne Jacquemier, Frédérique Spyratos, Benjamin Esterni, Marie-Joëlle Mozziconacci, Martine Antoine, Laurent Arnould, Sarab Lizard, Philippe Bertheau, Jacqueline Lehmann-Che, Cécile Blanc Fournier, Sophie Krieger, Frédéric Bibeau, Pierre-Jean Lamy, Marie Pierre Chenard, Michèle Legrain, Jean-Marc Guinebretière…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:351
    Content type: Technical advance Published on:

  29. Several inflammatory response materials could be used for prediction of prognosis of cancer patients. The neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and the platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR) have been introduced for pro...

    Authors: Suee Lee, Sung Yong Oh, Sung Hyun Kim, Ji Hyun Lee, Min Chan Kim, Ki Han Kim and Hyo-Jin Kim
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:350
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP 1), the nuclear effector of the Hippo pathway, is a key regulator of organ size and a candidate human oncogene in multiple tumors. However, the expression dynamics of YAP 1 in uro...

    Authors: Jian-Ye Liu, Yong-Hong Li, Huan-Xin Lin, Yi-Ji Liao, Shi-Juan Mai, Zhou-Wei Liu, Zhi-Ling Zhang, Li-Juan Jiang, Jia-Xing Zhang, Hsiang-Fu Kung, Yi-Xin Zeng, Fang-Jian Zhou and Dan Xie
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:349
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Mutation(s) of the JAK2 gene (V617F) has been described in a significant proportion of Philadelphia negative Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPN) patients and its detection is now a cornerstone in the diagnostic al...

    Authors: Enrico Bracco, Valentina Rosso, Anna Serra, Francesca Carnuccio, Valentina Gaidano, Paolo Nicoli, Pellegrino Musto, Giuseppe Saglio, Francesco Frassoni and Daniela Cilloni
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:348
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Pygopus 2 (Pygo2) is a Pygo family member and an important component of the Wnt signaling transcriptional complex. Despite this data, no clinical studies investigating Pygo2 expression in lung cancer have yet ...

    Authors: Yang Liu, Qian-Ze Dong, Si Wang, Chang-Qing Fang, Yuan Miao, Liang Wang, Ming-Zhu Li and En-Hua Wang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:346
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. In order to improve the clinical outcome of patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (LASCCHN) not being capable to receive platinum-based chemoradiation, radiotherapy can be...

    Authors: G Habl, K Potthoff, MF Haefner, A Abdollahi, JC Hassel, E Boller, M Indorf and J Debus
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:345
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  36. SNAT1 is a subtype of the amino acid transport system A that has been implicated to play a potential role in cancer development and progression, yet its role in breast cancer remains unclear. In present study,...

    Authors: Kuo Wang, Fang Cao, Wenzheng Fang, Yongwei Hu, Ying Chen, Houzhong Ding and Guanzhen Yu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:343
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. The tumour suppressor and transcription factor p53 is a major determinant of the therapeutic response to anthracyclines. In healthy tissue, p53 is also considered pivotal for side effects of anthracycline trea...

    Authors: Lars Herfindal, Lene Myhren, Bjørn Tore Gjertsen, Stein Ove Døskeland and Gro Gausdal
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:341
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Anemia refers to low hemoglobin (Hb) level and is a risk factor of cancer patient survival. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network recently suggested that post-diagnosis Hb change, regardless of baseline Hb...

    Authors: Shaogui Wan, Yinzhi Lai, Ronald E Myers, Bingshan Li, Juan P Palazzo, Ashlie L Burkart, Guokai Chen, Jinliang Xing and Hushan Yang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:340
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Women with mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 are at high risk of developing breast cancer and, in British Columbia, Canada, are offered screening with both magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and mammography to facilit...

    Authors: Reka Pataky, Linlea Armstrong, Stephen Chia, Andrew J Coldman, Charmaine Kim-Sing, Barbara McGillivray, Jenna Scott, Christine M Wilson and Stuart Peacock
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:339
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. Melanoma represents one of the most aggressive and therapeutically challenging malignancies as it often gives rise to metastases and develops resistance to classical chemotherapeutic agents. Although diverse t...

    Authors: Valerie Kedinger, Aline Meulle, Omar Zounib, Marie-Elise Bonnet, Jean-Baptiste Gossart, Elodie Benoit, Melanie Messmer, Pattabhiraman Shankaranarayanan, Jean-Paul Behr, Patrick Erbacher and Anne-Laure Bolcato-Bellemin
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:338
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. It is clear that genetic variations in the fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene affect body mass index and the risk of obesity. Given the mounting evidence showing a positive association between obesity ...

    Authors: Yingsong Lin, Junko Ueda, Kiyoko Yagyu, Hiroshi Ishii, Makoto Ueno, Naoto Egawa, Haruhisa Nakao, Mitsuru Mori, Keitaro Matsuo and Shogo Kikuchi
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:337
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. Cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) are potent pro-inflammatory mediators that are increased in samples from patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Individuals with IBDs have enhanced susceptibility to ...

    Authors: Astrid M Bengtsson, Gunilla Jönsson, Cecilia Magnusson, Tavga Salim, Cecilia Axelsson and Anita Sjölander
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:336
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Cryptogenic hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is thought to arise due to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study investigated the prevalence, clinical features, and outcomes of cryptogenic HCC and c...

    Authors: Sang Soo Lee, Sook-Hyang Jeong, Young-Sang Byoun, Seong Min Chung, Mun Hyuk Seong, Hyung Rae Sohn, Bo-young Min, Eun Sun Jang, Jin-Wook Kim, Guan Jung Park, Yoon Jin Lee, Kyoung Ho Lee and Soyeon Ahn
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:335
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. Thyroid hormones have been shown to regulate breast cancer cells growth, the absence or reduction of thyroid hormones in cells could provoke a proliferation arrest in G0-G1 or weak mitochondrial activity, whic...

    Authors: Jianbo Huang, Liangbin Jin, Guangyan Ji, Lei Xing, Chaobo Xu, Xiong Xiong, Hongyuan Li, Kainan Wu, Guosheng Ren and Lingquan Kong
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:334
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Considerable global variation in the incidence of lip, of oral cavity and of pharyngeal cancers exists. Whilst this reflects regional or population differences in risk, interpretation is uncertain due to heter...

    Authors: Anura Ariyawardana and Newell W Johnson
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:333
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. To explore the necessity of maintenance, efficacy of low-dose and superiority of various combination therapies of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) in treatment of superficial bladder cancer (BCa).

    Authors: Shimiao Zhu, Yang Tang, Kai Li, Zhiqun Shang, Ning Jiang, Xuewu Nian, Libin Sun and Yuanjie Niu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:332
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. Environment inside even a small tumor is characterized by total (anoxia) or partial oxygen deprivation, (hypoxia). It has been shown that radiotherapy and some conventional chemotherapies may be less effective...

    Authors: Sara Strese, Mårten Fryknäs, Rolf Larsson and Joachim Gullbo
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:331
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. Post-surgery therapies are given to early-stage breast cancer patients due to the possibility of residual micrometastasis, and optimized by clincopathological parameters such as tumor stage, and hormone recept...

    Authors: Mei-Chi Hsu, Kuo-Ting Lee, Wei-Chiang Hsiao, Chih-Hsing Wu, Hung-Yu Sun, I-Ling Lin and Kung-Chia Young
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:330
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. Tumour size in breast cancer influences therapeutic decisions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate sizing of primary breast cancer using mammography, sonography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and t...

    Authors: Ines V Gruber, Miriam Rueckert, Karl O Kagan, Annette Staebler, Katja C Siegmann, Andreas Hartkopf, Diethelm Wallwiener and Markus Hahn
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2013 13:328
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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