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  1. Adenocarcinoma (ADC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are the most prevalent histological types among lung cancers. Distinguishing between these subtypes is critically important because they have different im...

    Authors: Arturo López Pineda, Henry Ato Ogoe, Jeya Balaji Balasubramanian, Claudia Rangel Escareño, Shyam Visweswaran, James Gordon Herman and Vanathi Gopalakrishnan
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:184
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. Stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) is emerging as a non-invasive method for precision irradiation of lung tumours. However, the ideal dose/fractionation schedule is not yet known. The primary purpo...

    Authors: Shankar Siva, Tomas Kron, Mathias Bressel, Marion Haas, Tao Mai, Shalini Vinod, Giuseppe Sasso, Wenchang Wong, Hien Le, Thomas Eade, Nicholas Hardcastle, Brent Chesson, Daniel Pham, Morten Høyer, Rebecca Montgomery and David Ball
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:183
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  3. Whether androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) leads to stroke morbidity is still unclear because of inconsistent evidence. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate if ADT used in men with pr...

    Authors: Fanzheng Meng, Shimiao Zhu, Jinsheng Zhao, Larissa Vados, Lei Wang, Yusheng Zhao, Dan Zhao and Yuanjie Niu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:180
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. The study is to evaluate the patterns of failure, toxicities and long-term outcomes of aggressive treatment using 18F-FDG PET/CT-guided chemoradiation plannings for advanced cervical cancer with extensive nodal e...

    Authors: Yih-Lin Chung, Cheng-Fang Horng, Pei-Ing Lee and Fong-Lin Chen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:179
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. Human papilloma virus-16 (HPV-16) infection is a major risk factor for a subset of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), in particular oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). Current techniques...

    Authors: Ryan C. Chai, Yenkai Lim, Ian H. Frazer, Yunxia Wan, Christopher Perry, Lee Jones, Duncan Lambie and Chamindie Punyadeera
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:178
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. Anti-fibrotic drugs such as pirfenidone have been developed for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Because activated fibroblasts in inflammatory conditions have similar characteristics as cancer-a...

    Authors: Melanie Mediavilla-Varela, Kingsley Boateng, David Noyes and Scott J. Antonia
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:176
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptor RAGE emerge as important pathogenic contributors in colorectal carcinogenesis. However, their relationship to the detoxification enzyme Glyoxalase (GLO...

    Authors: Stratigoula Sakellariou, Paraskevi Fragkou, Georgia Levidou, Antonios N. Gargalionis, Christina Piperi, Georgia Dalagiorgou, Christos Adamopoulos, Angelica Saetta, George Agrogiannis, Irini Theohari, Stavros Sougioultzis, Panagiota Tsioli, Ioannis Karavokyros, Nikolaos Tsavaris, Ioannis D. Kostakis, Adamantia Zizi-Serbetzoglou…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:174
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Breast cancer comprises clinically and molecularly distinct tumor subgroups that differ in cell histology and biology and show divergent clinical phenotypes that impede phase III trials, such as those utilizin...

    Authors: Sheila Siqueira Andrade, Iuri Estrada Gouvea, Mariana Cristina C. Silva, Eloísa Dognani Castro, Cláudia A. A. de Paula, Debora Okamoto, Lilian Oliveira, Giovani Bravin Peres, Tatiana Ottaiano, Gil Facina, Afonso Celso Pinto Nazário, Antonio Hugo J. F. M. Campos, Edgar Julian Paredes-Gamero, Maria Juliano, Ismael D. C. G. da Silva, Maria Luiza V. Oliva…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:173
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Novel therapies are needed for children with high-risk and relapsed neuroblastoma. We hypothesized that MAPK/ERK kinase (MEK) inhibition with the novel MEK1/2 inhibitor binimetinib would be effective in neurob...

    Authors: Sarah E. Woodfield, Linna Zhang, Kathleen A. Scorsone, Yin Liu and Peter E. Zage
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:172
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been reported to promote tumorigenesis and progression in several human malignancies. The purpose of this study was to explore the function of BDNF in lung squamous...

    Authors: Si-yang Zhang, Lin-ping Hui, Chun-yan Li, Jian Gao, Ze-shi Cui and Xue-shan Qiu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:171
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  13. Although adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancers are characterized by biological features and clinical outcomes distinct from those of other age groups, the molecular profile of AYA cancers has not been well ...

    Authors: Soojin Cha, Jeongeun Lee, Jong-Yeon Shin, Ji-Yeon Kim, Sung Hoon Sim, Bhumsuk Keam, Tae Min Kim, Dong-Wan Kim, Dae Seog Heo, Se-Hoon Lee and Jong-Il Kim
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:170
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  14. The impacts of weight loss on prognosis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) remain unclear. The present study was therefore undertaken to investigate the association between critical weight loss and long-term su...

    Authors: Qi Zeng, Lu-Jun Shen, Xiang Guo, Xin-Ming Guo, Chao-Nan Qian and Pei-Hong Wu
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:169
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. High circulating tumor cell (CTC) counts are associated with poor prognosis in advanced prostate cancer, and recently CTC number was suggested to be a surrogate for survival in metastatic castrate-resistant pr...

    Authors: C. R. Lindsay, S. Le Moulec, F. Billiot, Y. Loriot, M. Ngo-Camus, P. Vielh, K. Fizazi, C. Massard and F. Farace
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:168
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. The Philadelphia chromosome−negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) myelofibrosis (MF), polycythemia vera (PV), and essential thrombocythemia (ET) negatively affect patient quality of life (QoL) and are as...

    Authors: Ruben Mesa, Carole B. Miller, Maureen Thyne, James Mangan, Sara Goldberger, Salman Fazal, Xiaomei Ma, Wendy Wilson, Dilan C. Paranagama, David G. Dubinski, John Boyle and John O. Mascarenhas
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:167
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  17. APF530 provides controlled, sustained-release granisetron for preventing acute (0–24 h) and delayed (24–120 h) chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). In a phase III trial, APF530 was noninferior to p...

    Authors: Ralph Boccia, Erin O’Boyle and William Cooper
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:166
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent cancer in women and a major public health problem in Morocco. Several Moroccan studies have focused on studying this disease, but more are needed, especially at the gen...

    Authors: Chaymaa Marouf, Stella Göhler, Miguel Inacio Da Silva Filho, Omar Hajji, Kari Hemminki, Sellama Nadifi and Asta Försti
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:165
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. The cost-effectiveness of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in women pre-sexual debut has been demonstrated in many countries. This study aimed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of a 3-dose bivalent HPV ...

    Authors: Yi-Jun Liu, Qian Zhang, Shang-Ying Hu and Fang-Hui Zhao
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:164
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. It is generally believed that patients with Hürthle cell thyroid carcinoma (HCTC) have a poor prognosis. Furthermore, distant metastases represent the most frequent cause of thyroid cancer-related death of pat...

    Authors: Nikola Besic, Andreja Schwarzbartl-Pevec, Barbara Vidergar-Kralj, Tea Crnic, Barbara Gazic and Maja Marolt Music
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:162
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. The current standard practice of lung lesion diagnosis often leads to inconclusive results, requiring additional diagnostic follow up procedures that are invasive and often unnecessary due to the high benign r...

    Authors: Zhanzhi Hu, Duncan Whitney, Jessica R. Anderson, Manqiu Cao, Christine Ho, Yoonha Choi, Jing Huang, Robert Frink, Kate Porta Smith, Robert Monroe, Giulia C. Kennedy and P. Sean Walsh
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:161
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) possess cell dedifferentiation characteristics, carry out activities connate to those of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and are associated with increased metastasis, as well as,...

    Authors: Oluwaseun Adebayo Bamodu, Wen-Chien Huang, Wei-Hwa Lee, Alexander Wu, Liang Shun Wang, Michael Hsiao, Chi-Tai Yeh and Tsu-Yi Chao
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:160
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. Hematological malignancies (HM) are a public health problem. The pattern and distribution of diagnosed hematological cancers vary depending on age, sex, geography, and ethnicity suggesting the involvement of g...

    Authors: Mounia Elidrissi Errahhali, Manal Elidrissi Errahhali, Redouane Boulouiz, Meryem Ouarzane and Mohammed Bellaoui
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:159
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CC) is an uncommon primary liver malignancy and little known about the clinical and imaging characteristics of cHCC-CC. We aim to define the demographics, imagi...

    Authors: Rui Li, Dan Yang, Chun-Lin Tang, Ping Cai, Kuan-sheng Ma, Shi-Yi Ding, Xiao-Hang Zhang, De-Yu Guo and Xiao-Chu Yan
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:158
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Studies reporting the association between change in weight or body mass index during midlife and risk of colorectal cancer have found inconsistent results, and only one study to date has reported the associati...

    Authors: Amalia Karahalios, Julie A. Simpson, Laura Baglietto, Robert J. MacInnis, Allison M. Hodge, Graham G. Giles and Dallas R. English
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:157
    Content type: Research Article Published on:

  27. Thymic carcinoma is a rare cancer with minimal evidence of a survival benefit following chemotherapy. An oral fluoropyrimidine of S-1, however, is the recommended active cytotoxic chemotherapy agent for refrac...

    Authors: Yusuke Okuma, Yukio Hosomi, Shingo Miyamoto, Masahiko Shibuya, Tatsuru Okamura and Tsunekazu Hishima
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:156
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Cancer 2016 16:272

  28. Nuclear factor E2 related factor-2 (Nrf2) is an oxidative stress inducible transcription factor being essential in regulating cell homeostasis. Thus, acute induction of Nrf2 in epithelial cells exposed to infl...

    Authors: Geeske Genrich, Marcus Kruppa, Lennart Lenk, Ole Helm, Anna Broich, Sandra Freitag-Wolf, Christoph Röcken, Bence Sipos, Heiner Schäfer and Susanne Sebens
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:155
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  29. The endothelial adhesion molecule, vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1, AOC3) promotes lymphocyte recruitment to tumours, although the contribution that VAP-1 makes to lymphocyte recruitment in human colorectal ca...

    Authors: Stephen T. Ward, Christopher J. Weston, Emma L. Shepherd, Rahul Hejmadi, Tariq Ismail and David H. Adams
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:154
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. Combined treatment with cisplatin and gemcitabine (CisGem) is the standard of care for patients with advanced biliary tract cancer (ABC). Selumetinib (AZD6244, ARRY-142886) potently and selectively inhibits ME...

    Authors: John Bridgewater, Andre Lopes, Sandra Beare, Marian Duggan, Dymphna Lee, Maravic Ricamara, Delyth McEntee, Ajithkumar Sukumaran, Harpreet Wasan and Juan W. Valle
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:153
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Cancer 2016 16:369

  31. For a long time cancer cells are known for increased uptake of glucose and its metabolization through glycolysis. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is a key regulatory enzyme of this pathway and...

    Authors: Mahua R. Das, Arup K. Bag, Shekhar Saha, Alok Ghosh, Sumit K. Dey, Provas Das, Chitra Mandal, Subhankar Ray, Saikat Chakrabarti, Manju Ray and Siddhartha S. Jana
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:152
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. Prostate cancer is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer in men worldwide. Current treatments include surgery, androgen ablation and radiation. Introduction of more targeted therapies in prostate cancer,...

    Authors: Gerard Hoyne, Caroline Rudnicka, Qing-Xiang Sang, Mark Roycik, Sarah Howarth, Peter Leedman, Markus Schlaich, Patrick Candy and Vance Matthews
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:151
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  33. Aberrant Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is associated with the development of many cancers including prostate cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, and basal cell carcinoma....

    Authors: Md Maksudul Alam, Sagar Sohoni, Sarada Preeta Kalainayakan, Massoud Garrossian and Li Zhang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:150
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. According to the literature and our experience, the most common sites of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) metastases include the brain, bone, liver, adrenal glands, contralateral lung and distant lymph nodes...

    Authors: Fei-Yu Niu, Qing Zhou, Jin-Ji Yang, Wen-Zhao Zhong, Zhi-Hong Chen, Wei Deng, Yan-Yan He, Hua-Jun Chen, Zhu Zeng, E-E Ke, Ning Zhao, Na Zhang, Hui-Wen Sun, Qiu-Yi Zhang, Zhi Xie, Xu-Chao Zhang…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:149
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) glycoprotein B (gB) is not only expressed on the envelope of mature virions but also on the surfaces of cells undergoing lytic replication. Among herpesviruses, K...

    Authors: Hosni A. M. Hussein, Lia R. Walker and Shaw M. Akula
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:148
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. Afaitnib has shown anti-tumor activity against metastatic EGFR-mutated NSCLC after prior failure to first generation EGFR-TKI and chemotherapy. We prospectively evaluated the efficacy and safety of afatinib in...

    Authors: Victor H. F. Lee, Dennis K. C. Leung, Tim-Shing Choy, Ka-On Lam, Pui-Mei Lam, To-Wai Leung and Dora L. W. Kwong
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:147
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Cellular stressors and apoptosis-inducing agents have been shown to induce ribosomal RNA (rRNA) degradation in eukaryotic cells. Recently, RNA degradation in vivo was observed in patients with locally advanced...

    Authors: Rashmi Narendrula, Kyle Mispel-Beyer, Baoqing Guo, Amadeo M. Parissenti, Laura B. Pritzker, Ken Pritzker, Twinkle Masilamani, Xiaohui Wang and Carita Lannér
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:146
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  38. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been invoked in resistance, recurrence and metastasis of cancer. Consequently, curative cancer treatments may be contingent on CSC selective approaches. Of particular interest in ...

    Authors: Xiaoli Huang, Björn Borgström, Sebastian Kempengren, Lo Persson, Cecilia Hegardt, Daniel Strand and Stina Oredsson
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:145
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Evaluation of lymph node (LN) status is an important factor for detecting metastasis and thereby staging breast cancer. Currently utilized clinical techniques involve the surgical disruption and resection of l...

    Authors: Ryan M. Nolan, Steven G. Adie, Marina Marjanovic, Eric J. Chaney, Fredrick A. South, Guillermo L. Monroy, Nathan D. Shemonski, Sarah J. Erickson-Bhatt, Ryan L. Shelton, Andrew J. Bower, Douglas G. Simpson, Kimberly A. Cradock, Z. George Liu, Partha S. Ray and Stephen A. Boppart
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:144
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  40. Recently, a gene expression algorithm, TNBCtype, was developed that can divide triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) into molecularly-defined subtypes. The algorithm has potential to provide predictive value fo...

    Authors: Brian Z. Ring, David R. Hout, Stephan W. Morris, Kasey Lawrence, Brock L. Schweitzer, Daniel B. Bailey, Brian D. Lehmann, Jennifer A. Pietenpol and Robert S. Seitz
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:143
    Content type: Technical advance Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Cancer 2016 16:275

  41. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) increases cell migration and is implicated in cancer cell invasion and metastasis. We have previously described the involvement of the transcription factors, nuclear fac...

    Authors: Gisela Nilsson and Marie Kannius-Janson
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:142
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Cancer 2020 20:55

  42. Combining different clinical agents to target multiple pathways in prostate cancer cells, including androgen receptor (AR) signaling, is potentially an effective strategy to improve outcomes for men with metas...

    Authors: Sarah L. Carter, Margaret M. Centenera, Wayne D. Tilley, Luke A. Selth and Lisa M. Butler
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:141
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Cancer 2016 16:177

  43. Platinum-based drugs are used as cancer chemotherapeutics for the last 40 years. However, drug resistance and nephrotoxicity are the major limitations of the use of platinum-based compounds in cancer therapy. ...

    Authors: Einav Ratzon, Yousef Najajreh, Rami Salem, Hazem Khamaisie, Martin Ruthardt and Jamal Mahajna
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:140
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. We compared the outcome of patients who received non-image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with those who received helical tomotherapy (HT), a daily image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT), after surge...

    Authors: Chen-Hsi Hsieh, Pei-Wei Shueng, Li-Ying Wang, Yu-Chuen Huang, Li-Jen Liao, Wu-Chia Lo, Yu-Chin Lin, Le-Jung Wu and Hui-Ju Tien
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:139
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is known for aggressive biologic features and poor prognosis. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression in TNBC indicates poor prognosis. However, there is no ...

    Authors: Ji-Yeon Kim, Hae Hyun Jung, In-Gu Do, SooYoun Bae, Se Kyung Lee, Seok Won Kim, Jeong Eon Lee, Seok Jin Nam, Jin Seok Ahn, Yeon Hee Park and Young-Hyuck Im
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:138
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. The occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) depends largely on such non-tumor factors as inflammatory condition, immune state, viral infection and liver fibrosis. Various inflammation-base...

    Authors: Fei Ji, Yao Liang, Shun-Jun Fu, Zhi-Yong Guo, Man Shu, Shun-Li Shen, Shao-Qiang Li, Bao-Gang Peng, Li-Jian Liang and Yun-Peng Hua
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:137
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. The impact of such recommendations after their implementation of guidelines has not usually been evaluated. Herein, we assessed the impact and compliance with the Spanish Oncology Genitourinary Group (SOGUG) G...

    Authors: Nuria Lainez, Jesús García-Donas, Emilio Esteban, Javier Puente, M. Isabel Sáez, Enrique Gallardo, Álvaro Pinto-Marín, Sergio Vázquez-Estévez, Luis León, Icíar García-Carbonero, Cristina Suárez-Rodríguez, Carmen Molins, Miguel A. Climent-Duran, Martín Lázaro-Quintela, Aranzazu González del Alba, María José Méndez-Vidal…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:135
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. The metabolism of cancer cells is often reprogrammed by dysregulation of metabolic enzymes. Transketolase-like 1 (TKTL1) is a homodimeric transketolase linking the pentose-phosphate pathway with the glycolytic...

    Authors: Aparna Jayachandran, Pu-Han Lo, Anderly C. Chueh, Prashanth Prithviraj, Ramyar Molania, Mercedes Davalos-Salas, Matthew Anaka, Marzena Walkiewicz, Jonathan Cebon and Andreas Behren
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:134
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. The prevalence of metabolic disorders is increasing and has been suggested to increase cancer risk, but the relation between metabolic disorders and risk of cancer is unclear, especially in young adults. We in...

    Authors: Siv Mari Berger, Gunnar Gislason, Lynn L. Moore, Charlotte Andersson, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Gerald V. Denis and Michelle Dalgas Schmiegelow
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:133
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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