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  1. Although adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancers are characterized by biological features and clinical outcomes distinct from those of other age groups, the molecular profile of AYA cancers has not been well ...

    Authors: Soojin Cha, Jeongeun Lee, Jong-Yeon Shin, Ji-Yeon Kim, Sung Hoon Sim, Bhumsuk Keam, Tae Min Kim, Dong-Wan Kim, Dae Seog Heo, Se-Hoon Lee and Jong-Il Kim
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:170
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  2. The Philadelphia chromosome−negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) myelofibrosis (MF), polycythemia vera (PV), and essential thrombocythemia (ET) negatively affect patient quality of life (QoL) and are as...

    Authors: Ruben Mesa, Carole B. Miller, Maureen Thyne, James Mangan, Sara Goldberger, Salman Fazal, Xiaomei Ma, Wendy Wilson, Dilan C. Paranagama, David G. Dubinski, John Boyle and John O. Mascarenhas
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:167
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  3. APF530 provides controlled, sustained-release granisetron for preventing acute (0–24 h) and delayed (24–120 h) chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). In a phase III trial, APF530 was noninferior to p...

    Authors: Ralph Boccia, Erin O’Boyle and William Cooper
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:166
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  4. Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent cancer in women and a major public health problem in Morocco. Several Moroccan studies have focused on studying this disease, but more are needed, especially at the gen...

    Authors: Chaymaa Marouf, Stella Göhler, Miguel Inacio Da Silva Filho, Omar Hajji, Kari Hemminki, Sellama Nadifi and Asta Försti
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:165
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  5. The cost-effectiveness of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination in women pre-sexual debut has been demonstrated in many countries. This study aimed to estimate the cost-effectiveness of a 3-dose bivalent HPV ...

    Authors: Yi-Jun Liu, Qian Zhang, Shang-Ying Hu and Fang-Hui Zhao
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:164
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  7. It is generally believed that patients with Hürthle cell thyroid carcinoma (HCTC) have a poor prognosis. Furthermore, distant metastases represent the most frequent cause of thyroid cancer-related death of pat...

    Authors: Nikola Besic, Andreja Schwarzbartl-Pevec, Barbara Vidergar-Kralj, Tea Crnic, Barbara Gazic and Maja Marolt Music
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:162
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  8. The current standard practice of lung lesion diagnosis often leads to inconclusive results, requiring additional diagnostic follow up procedures that are invasive and often unnecessary due to the high benign r...

    Authors: Zhanzhi Hu, Duncan Whitney, Jessica R. Anderson, Manqiu Cao, Christine Ho, Yoonha Choi, Jing Huang, Robert Frink, Kate Porta Smith, Robert Monroe, Giulia C. Kennedy and P. Sean Walsh
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:161
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  9. Triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) possess cell dedifferentiation characteristics, carry out activities connate to those of cancer stem cells (CSCs) and are associated with increased metastasis, as well as,...

    Authors: Oluwaseun Adebayo Bamodu, Wen-Chien Huang, Wei-Hwa Lee, Alexander Wu, Liang Shun Wang, Michael Hsiao, Chi-Tai Yeh and Tsu-Yi Chao
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:160
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  10. Hematological malignancies (HM) are a public health problem. The pattern and distribution of diagnosed hematological cancers vary depending on age, sex, geography, and ethnicity suggesting the involvement of g...

    Authors: Mounia Elidrissi Errahhali, Manal Elidrissi Errahhali, Redouane Boulouiz, Meryem Ouarzane and Mohammed Bellaoui
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:159
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  11. Combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CC) is an uncommon primary liver malignancy and little known about the clinical and imaging characteristics of cHCC-CC. We aim to define the demographics, imagi...

    Authors: Rui Li, Dan Yang, Chun-Lin Tang, Ping Cai, Kuan-sheng Ma, Shi-Yi Ding, Xiao-Hang Zhang, De-Yu Guo and Xiao-Chu Yan
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:158
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  12. Studies reporting the association between change in weight or body mass index during midlife and risk of colorectal cancer have found inconsistent results, and only one study to date has reported the associati...

    Authors: Amalia Karahalios, Julie A. Simpson, Laura Baglietto, Robert J. MacInnis, Allison M. Hodge, Graham G. Giles and Dallas R. English
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:157
    Content type: Research Article Published on:

  13. Thymic carcinoma is a rare cancer with minimal evidence of a survival benefit following chemotherapy. An oral fluoropyrimidine of S-1, however, is the recommended active cytotoxic chemotherapy agent for refrac...

    Authors: Yusuke Okuma, Yukio Hosomi, Shingo Miyamoto, Masahiko Shibuya, Tatsuru Okamura and Tsunekazu Hishima
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:156
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Cancer 2016 16:272

  14. Nuclear factor E2 related factor-2 (Nrf2) is an oxidative stress inducible transcription factor being essential in regulating cell homeostasis. Thus, acute induction of Nrf2 in epithelial cells exposed to infl...

    Authors: Geeske Genrich, Marcus Kruppa, Lennart Lenk, Ole Helm, Anna Broich, Sandra Freitag-Wolf, Christoph Röcken, Bence Sipos, Heiner Schäfer and Susanne Sebens
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:155
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  15. The endothelial adhesion molecule, vascular adhesion protein-1 (VAP-1, AOC3) promotes lymphocyte recruitment to tumours, although the contribution that VAP-1 makes to lymphocyte recruitment in human colorectal ca...

    Authors: Stephen T. Ward, Christopher J. Weston, Emma L. Shepherd, Rahul Hejmadi, Tariq Ismail and David H. Adams
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:154
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  16. Combined treatment with cisplatin and gemcitabine (CisGem) is the standard of care for patients with advanced biliary tract cancer (ABC). Selumetinib (AZD6244, ARRY-142886) potently and selectively inhibits ME...

    Authors: John Bridgewater, Andre Lopes, Sandra Beare, Marian Duggan, Dymphna Lee, Maravic Ricamara, Delyth McEntee, Ajithkumar Sukumaran, Harpreet Wasan and Juan W. Valle
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:153
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Cancer 2016 16:369

  17. For a long time cancer cells are known for increased uptake of glucose and its metabolization through glycolysis. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is a key regulatory enzyme of this pathway and...

    Authors: Mahua R. Das, Arup K. Bag, Shekhar Saha, Alok Ghosh, Sumit K. Dey, Provas Das, Chitra Mandal, Subhankar Ray, Saikat Chakrabarti, Manju Ray and Siddhartha S. Jana
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:152
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  18. Prostate cancer is the second most frequently diagnosed cancer in men worldwide. Current treatments include surgery, androgen ablation and radiation. Introduction of more targeted therapies in prostate cancer,...

    Authors: Gerard Hoyne, Caroline Rudnicka, Qing-Xiang Sang, Mark Roycik, Sarah Howarth, Peter Leedman, Markus Schlaich, Patrick Candy and Vance Matthews
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:151
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  19. Aberrant Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is associated with the development of many cancers including prostate cancer, gastrointestinal cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, ovarian cancer, and basal cell carcinoma....

    Authors: Md Maksudul Alam, Sagar Sohoni, Sarada Preeta Kalainayakan, Massoud Garrossian and Li Zhang
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:150
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  20. According to the literature and our experience, the most common sites of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) metastases include the brain, bone, liver, adrenal glands, contralateral lung and distant lymph nodes...

    Authors: Fei-Yu Niu, Qing Zhou, Jin-Ji Yang, Wen-Zhao Zhong, Zhi-Hong Chen, Wei Deng, Yan-Yan He, Hua-Jun Chen, Zhu Zeng, E-E Ke, Ning Zhao, Na Zhang, Hui-Wen Sun, Qiu-Yi Zhang, Zhi Xie, Xu-Chao Zhang…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:149
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  21. Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) glycoprotein B (gB) is not only expressed on the envelope of mature virions but also on the surfaces of cells undergoing lytic replication. Among herpesviruses, K...

    Authors: Hosni A. M. Hussein, Lia R. Walker and Shaw M. Akula
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:148
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  22. Afaitnib has shown anti-tumor activity against metastatic EGFR-mutated NSCLC after prior failure to first generation EGFR-TKI and chemotherapy. We prospectively evaluated the efficacy and safety of afatinib in...

    Authors: Victor H. F. Lee, Dennis K. C. Leung, Tim-Shing Choy, Ka-On Lam, Pui-Mei Lam, To-Wai Leung and Dora L. W. Kwong
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:147
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  23. Cellular stressors and apoptosis-inducing agents have been shown to induce ribosomal RNA (rRNA) degradation in eukaryotic cells. Recently, RNA degradation in vivo was observed in patients with locally advanced...

    Authors: Rashmi Narendrula, Kyle Mispel-Beyer, Baoqing Guo, Amadeo M. Parissenti, Laura B. Pritzker, Ken Pritzker, Twinkle Masilamani, Xiaohui Wang and Carita Lannér
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:146
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  24. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been invoked in resistance, recurrence and metastasis of cancer. Consequently, curative cancer treatments may be contingent on CSC selective approaches. Of particular interest in ...

    Authors: Xiaoli Huang, Björn Borgström, Sebastian Kempengren, Lo Persson, Cecilia Hegardt, Daniel Strand and Stina Oredsson
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:145
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  25. Evaluation of lymph node (LN) status is an important factor for detecting metastasis and thereby staging breast cancer. Currently utilized clinical techniques involve the surgical disruption and resection of l...

    Authors: Ryan M. Nolan, Steven G. Adie, Marina Marjanovic, Eric J. Chaney, Fredrick A. South, Guillermo L. Monroy, Nathan D. Shemonski, Sarah J. Erickson-Bhatt, Ryan L. Shelton, Andrew J. Bower, Douglas G. Simpson, Kimberly A. Cradock, Z. George Liu, Partha S. Ray and Stephen A. Boppart
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:144
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  26. Recently, a gene expression algorithm, TNBCtype, was developed that can divide triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) into molecularly-defined subtypes. The algorithm has potential to provide predictive value fo...

    Authors: Brian Z. Ring, David R. Hout, Stephan W. Morris, Kasey Lawrence, Brock L. Schweitzer, Daniel B. Bailey, Brian D. Lehmann, Jennifer A. Pietenpol and Robert S. Seitz
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:143
    Content type: Technical advance Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Cancer 2016 16:275

  27. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) increases cell migration and is implicated in cancer cell invasion and metastasis. We have previously described the involvement of the transcription factors, nuclear fac...

    Authors: Gisela Nilsson and Marie Kannius-Janson
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:142
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Correction to this article has been published in BMC Cancer 2020 20:55

  28. Combining different clinical agents to target multiple pathways in prostate cancer cells, including androgen receptor (AR) signaling, is potentially an effective strategy to improve outcomes for men with metas...

    Authors: Sarah L. Carter, Margaret M. Centenera, Wayne D. Tilley, Luke A. Selth and Lisa M. Butler
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:141
    Content type: Research article Published on:

    The Erratum to this article has been published in BMC Cancer 2016 16:177

  29. Platinum-based drugs are used as cancer chemotherapeutics for the last 40 years. However, drug resistance and nephrotoxicity are the major limitations of the use of platinum-based compounds in cancer therapy. ...

    Authors: Einav Ratzon, Yousef Najajreh, Rami Salem, Hazem Khamaisie, Martin Ruthardt and Jamal Mahajna
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:140
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  30. We compared the outcome of patients who received non-image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with those who received helical tomotherapy (HT), a daily image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT), after surge...

    Authors: Chen-Hsi Hsieh, Pei-Wei Shueng, Li-Ying Wang, Yu-Chuen Huang, Li-Jen Liao, Wu-Chia Lo, Yu-Chin Lin, Le-Jung Wu and Hui-Ju Tien
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:139
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  31. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is known for aggressive biologic features and poor prognosis. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) overexpression in TNBC indicates poor prognosis. However, there is no ...

    Authors: Ji-Yeon Kim, Hae Hyun Jung, In-Gu Do, SooYoun Bae, Se Kyung Lee, Seok Won Kim, Jeong Eon Lee, Seok Jin Nam, Jin Seok Ahn, Yeon Hee Park and Young-Hyuck Im
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:138
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  32. The occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) depends largely on such non-tumor factors as inflammatory condition, immune state, viral infection and liver fibrosis. Various inflammation-base...

    Authors: Fei Ji, Yao Liang, Shun-Jun Fu, Zhi-Yong Guo, Man Shu, Shun-Li Shen, Shao-Qiang Li, Bao-Gang Peng, Li-Jian Liang and Yun-Peng Hua
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:137
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  34. The impact of such recommendations after their implementation of guidelines has not usually been evaluated. Herein, we assessed the impact and compliance with the Spanish Oncology Genitourinary Group (SOGUG) G...

    Authors: Nuria Lainez, Jesús García-Donas, Emilio Esteban, Javier Puente, M. Isabel Sáez, Enrique Gallardo, Álvaro Pinto-Marín, Sergio Vázquez-Estévez, Luis León, Icíar García-Carbonero, Cristina Suárez-Rodríguez, Carmen Molins, Miguel A. Climent-Duran, Martín Lázaro-Quintela, Aranzazu González del Alba, María José Méndez-Vidal…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:135
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  35. The metabolism of cancer cells is often reprogrammed by dysregulation of metabolic enzymes. Transketolase-like 1 (TKTL1) is a homodimeric transketolase linking the pentose-phosphate pathway with the glycolytic...

    Authors: Aparna Jayachandran, Pu-Han Lo, Anderly C. Chueh, Prashanth Prithviraj, Ramyar Molania, Mercedes Davalos-Salas, Matthew Anaka, Marzena Walkiewicz, Jonathan Cebon and Andreas Behren
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:134
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  36. The prevalence of metabolic disorders is increasing and has been suggested to increase cancer risk, but the relation between metabolic disorders and risk of cancer is unclear, especially in young adults. We in...

    Authors: Siv Mari Berger, Gunnar Gislason, Lynn L. Moore, Charlotte Andersson, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Gerald V. Denis and Michelle Dalgas Schmiegelow
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:133
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  37. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is the premalignant condition of cervical cancer. Whereas not all high grade CIN lesions progress to cervical cancer, the natural history and risk of progression of ind...

    Authors: M. M. Koeneman, A. J. Kruse, L. F. S. Kooreman, A. zur Hausen, A. H. N. Hopman, S. J. S. Sep, T. Van Gorp, B. F. M. Slangen, H. J. van Beekhuizen, M. van de Sande, C. G. Gerestein, H. W. Nijman and R. F. P. M. Kruitwagen
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:132
    Content type: Study protocol Published on:

  38. The ras genes play an important role in the development and progression of human tumours. Neutralizing Ras proteins in the cytoplasm could be an effective approach to blocking ras signalling. In this study, we pr...

    Authors: Ju-Lun Yang, Du-Xian Liu, Shi-Jian Zhen, Yun-Gang Zhou, Dai-Jun Zhang, Li-Ying Yang, Hao-Bing Chen and Qiang Feng
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:131
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  39. Pancreatic panniculitis is a rare condition, which has only been described in relation with pancreatic diseases up to now. It is characterized by necrotizing subcutaneous inflammation and is thought to be trig...

    Authors: Sebastian Zundler, Ramona Erber, Abbas Agaimy, Arndt Hartmann, Franklin Kiesewetter, Deike Strobel, Markus F. Neurath and Dane Wildner
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:130
    Content type: Case report Published on:

  40. Examination of factors associated with late stage diagnosis of breast cancer is useful to identify areas which are amenable to intervention. This study analyses trends in cancer stage at diagnosis and impact o...

    Authors: Sanjeewa Seneviratne, Ross Lawrenson, Vernon Harvey, Reena Ramsaroop, Mark Elwood, Nina Scott, Diana Sarfati and Ian Campbell
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:129
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  41. The bone scan index (BSI) using a computer-aided diagnosis system for bone scans is expected to be an objective and quantitative clinical tool for evaluating bone metastatic prostate cancer. This study aimed t...

    Authors: Yasuhide Miyoshi, Shuko Yoneyama, Takashi Kawahara, Yusuke Hattori, Jun-ichi Teranishi, Keiichi Kondo, Masatoshi Moriyama, Shigeo Takebayashi, Yumiko Yokomizo, Masahiro Yao, Hiroji Uemura and Kazumi Noguchi
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:128
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  42. Cytokines are involved in cancer invasion and metastasis. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) play key role in tumor dissemination and are an independent survival predictor in breast cancer patients. The aim of thi...

    Authors: M. Mego, D. Cholujova, G. Minarik, T. Sedlackova, P. Gronesova, M. Karaba, J. Benca, S. Cingelova, Z. Cierna, D. Manasova, D. Pindak, J. Sufliarsky, M. Cristofanilli, J. M. Reuben and J. Mardiak
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:127
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  43. The link between inflammation and cancer has been confirmed by the use of anti-inflammatory therapies in cancer prevention and treatment. 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) was shown to decrease the growth and surv...

    Authors: Mona M. Saber, May A. Galal, Afaf A. Ain-Shoka and Samia A. Shouman
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:126
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  44. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality, and new therapeutic options are urgently needed. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85 % of all lung cancers, with the c...

    Authors: Colin Charles Tièche, Ren-Wang Peng, Patrick Dorn, Laurène Froment, Ralph Alexander Schmid and Thomas Michael Marti
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:125
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  45. Currently there are very few biomarkers to identify head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cancer patients at a greater risk of recurrence and shortened survival. This study aimed to investigate whether...

    Authors: Kellie A. Charles, Benjamin D. W. Harris, Carol R. Haddad, Stephen J. Clarke, Alex Guminski, Mark Stevens, Tristan Dodds, Anthony J. Gill, Michael Back, David Veivers and Thomas Eade
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:124
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  46. Molecular characterization of circulating tumor cells (CTC) is promising for personalized medicine. We aimed to identify a CTC gene expression profile predicting outcome to first-line aromatase inhibitors in m...

    Authors: Esther A. Reijm, Anieta M. Sieuwerts, Marcel Smid, Joan Bolt-de Vries, Bianca Mostert, Wendy Onstenk, Dieter Peeters, Luc Y. Dirix, Caroline M. Seynaeve, Agnes Jager, Felix E. de Jongh, Paul Hamberg, Anne van Galen, Jaco Kraan, Maurice P. H. M. Jansen, Jan W. Gratama…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:123
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  47. Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is recognized as a component endpoint for cancer therapy approvals. The aim of this review was to evaluate the methodology of HRQoL analysis and reporting in phase III cl...

    Authors: Frédéric Fiteni, Amélie Anota, Virginie Westeel and Franck Bonnetain
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:122
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  48. Vinorelbine constitutes effective chemotherapy for metastatic breast cancer (MBC) and acts synergistically with trastuzumab in HER-2/neu positive disease. The present study was set out to evaluate the efficacy an...

    Authors: Christiane Thallinger, Istvan Lang, Cvetka Grasic Kuhar, Rupert Bartsch, Christian F. Singer, Lubos Petruzelka, Bohuslav Melichar, Regina Knittelfelder, Thomas Brodowicz and Christoph Zielinski
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:121
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  49. KRAS mutations are common in colorectal cancer (CRC). The role of KRAS mutation status as a prognostic factor remains controversial, and most large population-based cohorts usually consist of patients with non-me...

    Authors: Hae Su Kim, Jin Seok Heo, Jeeyun Lee, Ji Yun Lee, Min-Young Lee, Sung Hee Lim, Woo Yong Lee, Seok Hyung Kim, Yoon Ah Park, Yong Beom Cho, Seong Hyeon Yun, Seung Tae Kim, Joon Oh Park, Ho Yeong Lim, Yong Soo Choi, Woo Il Kwon…
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:120
    Content type: Research article Published on:

  50. Being the most common cancer among women worldwide, it is vital to be well-aware of breast cancer risk factors, symptoms and curability. However, few studies have reported breast cancer literacy in students us...

    Authors: Parash Mani Bhandari, Kiran Thapa, Sarmila Dhakal, Shristi Bhochhibhoya, Rashmi Deuja, Pawan Acharya and Shiva Raj Mishra
    Citation: BMC Cancer 2016 16:119
    Content type: Research article Published on:

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