The effectiveness of couple-based interventions on the marital outcomes of women with genital and breast cancer and their partners: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 4 Risk of bias of included studies (Semi‑experimental study)

Author	Comez and Karayurt (2020)	Hedayati et al. (2020)	Jonsdottir et. (2021)	Nho et. (2019)
Bias due to confounding	Moderate	Serious	Low	Moderate
Bias in selection of participants	Serious	Serious	Low	Moderate
Bias in the classification of interventions	Low	Moderate	Low	Low
Bias due to deviations from intended interventions	Low	Low	Low	Low
Bias due to missing data	Low	No information	Low	Moderate
Bias in measurement of outcomes	Serious	Serious	Serious	Serious
Bias in selection of reported result	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate	Moderate
Overall	Serious	Serious	Serious	Serious

Low: Low risk of bias (the study is comparable to a well-performed randomized trial with regard to this domain); Moderate: Moderate risk of bias (the study is sound for a non-randomized study with regard to this domain but cannot be considered comparable to a well-performed randomized trial); Serious: Serious risk of bias (the study has some important problems);

ISSN: 1471-2407