Fig. 6

Analysis of cellular signaling pathways modulated by Tig/Tet treatment. Cells were treated with Tig/Tet for 48h and 30µg protein from cell lysate was used for immunoblotting with different marker proteins of cellular signaling pathways. Figure represents A PGC1-α and TFAM protein levels for mitochondrial biogenesis; B phospho-AMPK-α (Thr172) and AMPKα proteins for energy sensing; C phospho-AKT (Ser473), AKT, and cMyc expression for proliferative and phosphorylation of FAK and SRC protein levels for metastatic signaling; and D caspase-3 and PARP (c-Casp-3 and c-PARP), and LC3II and p62 marker protein expression for apoptosis and autophagy pathways, respectively. Band intensity was normalized with their corresponding β-actin band and presented as the relative fold change compared with non-treated controls. Each experiment was performed at least 2-3 times with similar results, and the images and corresponding values are representative of one of those experiments. Abbreviations: PGC1-α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC)-1alpha; TFAM, transcription factor A, mitochondrial; p-, phosphorylated; AMPK, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase; AKT, protein kinase B; FAK, focal adhesion kinase, SRC, tyrosine-protein kinase Src; PARP, Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases; LC3B, microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3 beta