Table 1a Clinical characteristics of patients in the SEER database and external validation cohort
Characteristic | SEER cohort | Validation cohort | Â | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NO | % | NO | % | Â | |||
Total | Â | 572 | 100 | 32 | 100 | Â | |
Gender | Female | 246 | 43.0 | 16 | 50 | Â | |
Male | 326 | 57.0 | 16 | 50 | Â | ||
Race | Black | 28 | 4.9 | Â | Â | Â | |
White | 466 | 81.5 | Â | Â | Â | ||
Others | 78 | 13.6 | Â | Â | Â | ||
Age | <65 | 288 | 50.3 | 19 | 59.4 | Â | |
≥ 65 | 284 | 49.7 | 13 | 40.6 |  | ||
Surgery | No | 498 | 87.1 | 8 | 25.0 | Â | |
Yes | 74 | 12.9 | 24 | 75.0 | Â | ||
Radiotherapy | No | 493 | 86.2 | 4 | 12.5 | Â | |
Yes | 79 | 13.8 | 28 | 87.5 | Â | ||
Chemotherapy | No | 178 | 31.1 | 5 | 15.6 | Â | |
Yes | 394 | 68.9 | 27 | 84.4 | Â | ||
T stage (8th) | T1 | 146 | 25.5 | 4 | 12.5 | Â | |
T2 | 292 | 51.0 | 22 | 68.8 | Â | ||
T3 | 98 | 17.1 | 2 | 6.2 | Â | ||
T4 | 36 | 6.4 | 4 | 12.5 | Â | ||
N stage | N0 | 282 | 49.3 | 14 | 43.8 | Â | |
N1 | 290 | 50.7 | 18 | 56.2 | Â | ||
Grade | I + II | 300 | 52.4 | 19 | 59.4 |  | |
III + IV | 274 | 47.6 | 13 | 40.6 |  | ||
Liver metastasis | Absent | 427 | 74.7 | 20 | 62.5 | Â | |
Present | 145 | 25.3 | 12 | 37.5 | Â | ||
Bone metastasis | Absent | 447 | 78.1 | 26 | 81.3 | Â | |
Present | 125 | 21.9 | 6 | 28.7 | Â | ||
Lung metastasis | Absent | 422 | 73.8 | 20 | 62.5 | Â | |
Present | 150 | 26.2 | 8 | 37.5 | Â | ||
Tumor size | ≤ 5 cm | 129 | 22.6 | 9 | 28.1 |  | |
>5Â cm | 443 | 77.4 | 23 | 71.9 | Â | ||