Table 1 Baseline characteristics of studies included in the network meta-analysis
Study (First author, year) | Indication | Treatment group | IO agents | Number of patients in safety analysis | Reported outcomesa | Median follow-up duration (months) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ASTRUM-005 [36] (Cheng Y, 2022) | SCLC | Chemo-IO | Serplulimab | 389 | TRAE | 12.3 |
Chemo-only | NA | 196 | 12.3 | |||
ASTRUM-007 [37] (Song Y, 2023) | ESCC | Chemo-IO | Serplulimab | 382 | TRAE, TEAE | 14.9 |
Chemo-only | NA | 168 | 14.9 | |||
ATTRACTION-4 [38] (Kang YK, 2022) | GI cancer | Chemo-IO | Nivolumab | 359 | TRAE | 11.6 |
Chemo-only | NA | 358 | 11.6 | |||
CameL [39] (Zhou C, 2021) | NSCLC | Chemo-IO | Camrelizumab | 205 | TRAE | 11.9 |
Chemo-only | NA | 207 | 11.9 | |||
CameL-Sq [40] (Ren S, 2022) | NSCLC | Chemo-IO | Camrelizumab | 193 | TRAE | 13.5 |
Chemo-only | NA | 196 | 11.6 | |||
CAPSTONE-1 [41] (Wang J, 2022) | SCLC | Chemo-IO | Adebrelimab | 230 | TRAE | 13.5 |
Chemo-only | NA | 232 | 13.5 | |||
CAPTAIN-1st [42] (Yang Y, 2021) | NPC | Chemo-IO | Camrelizumab | 134 | TRAE, anyAE | 15.6 |
Chemo-only | NA | 129 | 15.6 | |||
Checkmate 227 [43] (Hellmann MD, 2018) | NSCLC | dual-IO | Nivolumab, Ipilimumab | 576 | TRAE | 11.2b |
mono-IO | Nivolumab | 391 | 11.2b | |||
Chemo-only | NA | 570 | 11.2b | |||
Checkmate 648 [44] (Doki Y, 2022) | ESCC | dual-IO | Nivolumab, Ipilimumab | 322 | TRAE | 13b |
Chemo-IO | Nivolumab | 310 | 13b | |||
Chemo-only | NA | 304 | 13b | |||
Checkmate 649 [45] (Janjigian YY, 2021) | GI cancer | Chemo-IO | Nivolumab | 782 | TRAE | 13.1 |
Chemo-only | NA | 767 | 11.1 | |||
Checkmate 743 [46] (Baas P, 2021) | Pleural mesothelioma | dual-IO | Nivolumab, Ipilimumab | 300 | TRAE | 29.7 |
Chemo-only | NA | 284 | 29.7 | |||
Checkmate 9LA [47] (Paz-Ares L, 2021) | NSCLC | dual-IO | Nivolumab, Ipilimumab | 358 | TRAE | 9.7 |
Chemo-only | NA | 349 | 9.7 | |||
DANUBE [48] (Powles T, 2020) | MIBC | mono-IO | Durvalumab | 345 | TRAE, anyAE | 41.2 |
dual-IO | Durvalumab, Tremelimumab | 340 | 41.2 | |||
Chemo-only | NA | 313 | 41.2 | |||
EMPOWER-Lung 3, Part 2 [49] (Gogishvili M, 2022) | NSCLC | Chemo-IO | Cemiplimab | 312 | TRAE | 16.3 |
Chemo-only | NA | 153 | 16.7 | |||
ESCORT 1st [50] (Luo H, 2021) | ESCC | Chemo-IO | Camrelizumab | 298 | TRAE | 10.8 |
Chemo-only | NA | 297 | 10.8 | |||
GEMSTONE-302 [51] (Zhou C, 2022) | NSCLC | Chemo-IO | Sugemalimab | 320 | TRAE | 17.8 |
Chemo-only | NA | 159 | 17.8 | |||
HIMALAYA [52] (Abou-Alfa GK, 2022) | HCC | mono-IO | Durvalumab | 388 | TRAE | 32.6 |
dual-IOc | Durvalumab, Tremelimumab | 540 | 33.2 | |||
JAVELIN Ovarian 100 [53] (Monk BJ, 2021) | Ovarian cancer | Chemo-IO | Avelumab | 329 | TRAE | 12.6 |
Chemo | Chemo | 334 | 11.8 | |||
KESTREL [54] (Psyrri A, 2023) | HNSCC | mono-IO | Durvalumab | 202 | TRAE | NA |
dual-IO | Durvalumab. Tremelimumab | 408 | NA | |||
KEYNOTE-024 [55] (Reck M, 2016) | NSCLC | mono-IO | Pembrolizumab | 154 | TRAE | 11.2 |
Chemo-only | NA | 150 | 11.2 | |||
KEYNOTE-042 [56] (Mok TSK, 2019) | NSCLC | mono-IO | Pembrolizumab | 636 | TRAE | 12.8 |
Chemo-only | NA | 615 | 12.8 | |||
KEYNOTE-062 [57] (Shitara K, 2020) | GI cancer | mono-IO | Pembrolizumab | 254 | TRAE | 29.4 |
Chemo-IO | Pembrolizumab | 250 | 29.4 | |||
Chemo-only | NA | 244 | 29.4 | |||
KEYNOTE-966 [58] (Kelley RK, 2023) | BTC | Chemo-IO | Pembrolizumab | 529 | TRAE | 25.6 |
Chemo-only | NA | 534 | 25.6 | |||
MYSTIC [59] (Rizvi NA, 2020) | NSCLC | mono-IO | Durvalumab | 369 | TRAE | 30.2 |
dual-IO | Durvalumab, Tremelimumab | 371 | 30.2 | |||
Chemo-only | NA | 352 | 30.2 | |||
NEPTUNE [60] (de Castro G, 2023) | NSCLC | dual-IO | Durvalumab, Tremelimumab | 410 | TRAE | 32.9 |
Chemo-only | NA | 399 | 32.9 | |||
ORIENT-15 [61] (Lu Z, 2022) | ESCC | Chemo-IO | Sintilimab | 327 | TRAE, TEAE | 16.0 |
Chemo-only | NA | 332 | 16.9 | |||
Poseidon [62] (Johnson ML, 2023) | NSCLC | Chemo-dual-IO | Durvalumab, Tremelimumab | 330 | TRAE | 15.5 |
Chemo-IO | Durvalumab | 334 | 15.5 | |||
Chemo-only | NA | 333 | 15.5 | |||
RATIONALE-306 [63] (Xu J, 2023) | ESCC | Chemo-IO | Tislelizumab | 324 | TRAE | 16.3 |
Chemo-only | NA | 321 | 9.8 | |||
TOPAZ-1 [64] (Oh DY, 2022) | BTC | Chemo-IO | Durvalumab | 338 | TRAE, anyAE | 16.8 |
Chemo-only | NA | 342 | 15.9 |