Table 4 Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of risk factors for postoperative complications

GLIM-malnutrition

Yes/No

1.354 (0.777–2.361)

0.285

GLIM-malnutrition + low HGS

Yes/No

2.337 (1.449–3.771)

< 0.001^*

1.912 (1.151–3.178)

0.012^*

GLIM-malnutrition + low gait speed

Yes/No

1.990 (1.191–3.326)

0.009^*

Age, years

≥ 75/<75

2.307 (1.354–3.934)

0.002^*

Gender

Males/females

1.060 (0.652–1.724)

0.814

BMI, kg/m2

< 18.5/≥18.5

1.433 (0.838–2.450)

0.189

Low albumin

Yes/No

2.753 (1.698–4.461)

< 0.001^*

2.086 (1.251–3.480)

0.005^*

Anemia

Yes/No

2.184 (1.369–3.485)

0.001^*

Charlson Comorbidity Index

0.031^*

1/0

1.004 (0.547–1.843)

0.991

≥ 2/0

2.509 (1.251–5.033)

0.010^*

Previous abdominal surgery

Yes/No

0.945 (0.476–1.875)

0.872

Tumor location

0.798

Medium/ Proximal

1.245 (0.548–2.830)

0.600

Distal/ Proximal

1.275 (0.624–2.605)

0.506

2/3 or more / Proximal

0.750 (0.181–3.115)

0.692

Differentiation of tumor

Poorly /Well

1.468 (0.871–2.475)

0.149

TNM stage

0.462

II/I

1.255 (0.636–2.479)

0.513

III/I

1.443 (0.807–2.582)

0.216

Laparoscopy-assisted surgery

Yes/No

0.496 (0.292–0.842)

0.009^*

0.553 (0.319–0.959)

0.035^*

Type of resection

Total/Subtotal

1.221 (0.770–1.938)

0.396

Combined organ resection

Yes/No

2.747 (1.289–5.854)

0.009^*

2.222 (1.007–4.905)

0.048^*