Table 1 Clinicopathological characteristics of enrolled patients
Variables | Overall (N = 776) | Non-aggressive pathology (N = 526) | Aggressive pathology (N = 250) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Clinical findings | ||||
 Age at surgery, year (IQR) | 62.0 (53.0–69.0) | 61.0 (52.0–68.0) | 63.0 (56.0–71.0) | < 0.001 |
 Gender: male (%) | 559.0 (72.0) | 377.0 (71.7) | 182.0 (72.8) | 0.744 |
 Laterality: left (%) | 388.0 (50.0) | 267.0 (50.8) | 121.0 (48.4) | 0.539 |
 ECOG performance status (%) | 0.005 | |||
  0–1 | 752.0 (96.9) | 516.0 (98.1) | 236.0 (94.4) |  |
  2–4 | 24.0 (3.1) | 10.0 (1.9) | 14.0 (5.6) |  |
 Symptomatic presentation (%) | 246.0 (31.7) | 155.0 (29.5) | 91.0 (36.4) | 0.052 |
 Hypertension (%) | 389.0 (50.1) | 263.0 (50.0) | 126.0 (50.4) | 0.917 |
 Diabetes (%) | 170.0 (21.9) | 109.0 (20.7) | 61.0 (24.4) | 0.247 |
 Smoking history (%) | 296.0 (38.1) | 194.0 (36.9) | 102.0 (40.8) | 0.294 |
 BMI, kg/m2 (IQR) | 25.5 (23.5–27.8) | 25.6 (23.7–27.8) | 25.2 (23.1–27.6) | 0.189 |
 Hemoglobin, g/L (IQR) | 138.0 (126.0-149.0) | 139.0 (128.0-151.0) | 134.0 (120.8–148.0) | < 0.001 |
 NLR (IQR) | 2.3 (1.6–4.4) | 2.2 (1.6–3.5) | 2.9 (1.9–7.3) | < 0.001 |
Surgical findings | ||||
 Surgical approach (%) | 0.168 | |||
  Open | 17.0 (2.2) | 15.0 (2.9) | 2.0 (0.8) |  |
  Laparoscopic | 645.0 (83.1) | 432.0 (82.1) | 213.0 (85.2) |  |
  Robotic | 114.0 (14.7) | 79.0 (15.0) | 35.0 (14.0) |  |
 Type of nephrectomy (%) | < 0.001 | |||
  Radical nephrectomy | 194.0 (25.0) | 93.0 (17.7) | 101.0 (40.4) |  |
  Partial nephrectomy | 582.0 (75.0) | 433.0 (82.3) | 149.0 (59.6) |  |
Pathologic findings | ||||
 Clinical tumor size, cm (IQR) | 4.0 (3.1–5.1) | 3.8 (2.8–4.9) | 4.5 (3.5–5.5) | < 0.001 |
  CT stage (%) | 0.472 | |||
  T1a | 389.0 (50.1) | 293.0 (55.7) | 96.0 (38.4) |  |
  T1b | 387.0 (49.9) | 233.0 (44.3) | 154.0 (61.6) |  |
 Histology subtype (%) | < 0.001 | |||
  Clear cell RCC | 705.0 (90.9) | 490.0 (93.2) | 215.0 (86.0) |  |
  Papillary RCC | 33.0 (4.3) | 11.0 (2.1) | 22.0 (8.8) |  |
  Chromphobe RCC | 24.0 (3.1) | 19.0 (3.6) | 5.0 (2.0) |  |
  Others | 14.0 (1.8) | 6.0 (1.1) | 8.0 (3.2) |  |
  Surgical margin: positive (%) | 12.0 (1.5) | 9.0 (1.7) | 3.0 (1.2) | 0.590 |
 Aggressive pathology (%) | ||||
  Tumor grade: III-IV | 210.0 (27.1) | 0.0 (0.0) | 210.0 (84.0) |  |
  PT3a upstage | 58.0 (7.5) | 0.0 (0.0) | 58.0 (23.2) |  |
  type II pRCC, collecting duct, renal medullary carcinoma, unclassified RCC | 25.0 (3.2) | 0.0 (0.0) | 25.0 (10.0) |  |
  Sarcomatoid/rhabdoid component | 4.0 (0.5) | 0.0 (0.0) | 4.0 (1.6) |  |