Table 3 The effects of intervention groups on knowledge, tobacco smoking, and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) constructs over 3 months among a sample of adults living in deprived areas of Tehran, Iran

Knowledge

Group PP (vs. Group WA)

0.43

0.13,0.72

0.005

Time (vs. Baseline)

 First follow-up

3.57

3.32,3.82

< 0.001

 Second follow-up

4.41

4.14,4.68

< 0.001

Tobacco smoking

Group PP (vs. Group WA)

0.86

0.49,1.51

0.60

Time (vs. Baseline)

 First follow-up

0.95

0.78,1.17

0.64

 Second follow-up

0.54

0.43,0.69

< 0.001

Intention

Group PP (vs. Group WA)

0.04

-0.34,0.42

0.84

Time (vs. Baseline)

 First follow-up

0.49

0.32,0.65

< 0.001

 Second follow-up

1.11

0.91,1.31

< 0.001

Attitude

Group PP (vs. Group WA)

0.50

0.16,0.84

0.004

Time (vs. Baseline)

 First follow-up

0.56

0.40,0.72

< 0.001

 Second follow-up

1.22

1.03,1.41

< 0.001

Subjective norm

Group PP (vs. Group WA)

0.26

-0.14,0.66

0.20

Time (vs. Baseline)

 First follow-up

0.51

0.27,0.74

< 0.001

 Second follow-up

1.37

1.09,1.64

< 0.001

Perceived behavioral control

Group PP (vs. Group WA)

0.19

-0.10,0.47

0.20

Time (vs. Baseline)

 First follow-up

0.56

0.42,0.69

< 0.001

 Second follow-up

1.08

0.92,1.24

< 0.001