Fig. 4

Overexpression of RAC3 enhances lung adenocarcinoma cell resistance to paclitaxel. (A): Immunofluorescence staining confirms successful overexpression of RAC3. Scale bars: RAC3 staining, 50 μm; p-PI3K and p-AKT staining, 20 μm. (B): Growth of RAC3-overexpressing and normal control A549 and NCI-H1299 cells assessed by MTT assay (72 h) and colony formation assay (12 days). Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). (C): Paclitaxel sensitivity of A549 cells evaluated by MTT assay after 48 h. (D): Cell proliferation measured by EDU assay. Scale bars, 20 μm. (E): Apoptosis detected through Hoechst 33,342 and JC-1 staining. Scale bars: Hoechst 33,342 staining, 100 μm; JC-1 staining, 20 μm.The experiments were repeated three times, and the data are presented as mean ± SD. Statistical significance (*P < 0.05) was determined using Student’s t-test