Fig. 3

RAC3 knockdown reduces paclitaxel resistance. (A): Immunofluorescence staining confirms successful RAC3 knockdown. Scale bars: RAC3 staining, 50 μm; p-PI3K and p-AKT staining, 20 μm. (B): Growth of RAC3 knockdown and normal control A549-PR and NCI-H1299-PR cells assessed by MTT assay (72 h) and colony formation assay (12 days). Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). (C): Sensitivity of A549-PR and NCI-H1299-PR cells to different concentrations of paclitaxel (0, 10, 20, 30, or 40 nM) determined by MTT assay after 48 h. (D): Cell proliferation evaluated by EDU assay. Scale bars, 20 μm. (E): Apoptosis detected through Hoechst 33,342 and JC-1 staining. Scale bars: Hoechst 33,342 staining, 100 μm; JC-1 staining, 20 μm.The experiments were repeated three times, and the data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Statistical significance (*P < 0.05) was determined using Student’s t-test