Table 1 Demographic comparison between training and independent test cohorts
Characteristics and US features | Training cohort (n = 460) | Independent test cohort (n = 153) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
Size (mean ± SD) | 1.24 ± 0.92 | 1.16 ± 0.69 | 0.433 |
Sex | 0.971 | ||
Male | 136(75.1%) | 45(24.9%) | |
Female | 324(75.0%) | 108(25.0%) | |
Age | 0.484 | ||
≤ 55 | 415(75.5%) | 135(24.5%) | |
≤55 | 45(71.4%) | 18(28.6%) | |
Tumour location | 0.711 | ||
Right lobe | 228(73.8%) | 81(26.2%) | |
Left lobe | 213(76.6%) | 65(23.4%) | |
Isthmus | 19(73.1%) | 7(26.9%) | |
Tumour position | 0.095 | ||
Upper | 152(81.7%) | 34(18.3%) | |
Mid | 164(71.9%) | 64(28.1%) | |
Lower | 125(72.3%) | 48(27.7%) | |
Isthmus | 19(73.1%) | 7(26.9%) | |
Solid composition with hypoechoic echo | 0.110 | ||
Present | 417(74.2%) | 145(25.8%) | |
Absent | 43(84.3%) | 8(15.7%) | |
Tumour multifocality | 0.769 | ||
Present | 83(76.1%) | 26(23.9%) | |
Absent | 377(74.8%) | 127(25.2%) | |
Aspect ratio | 0.198 | ||
Present | 201(726%) | 76(27.4%) | |
Absent | 259(77.1%) | 77(22.9%) | |
Microcalcification | 0.769 | ||
Present | 360(75.3%) | 118(24.7%) | |
Absent | 100(74.1%) | 35(25.9%) | |
Tumour vascularity | 0.320 | ||
0–1 | 401(74.4%) | 138(25.6%) | |
2–3 | 59(79.7%) | 15(20.3%) | |
Acoustic halo | 0.804 | ||
Present | 42(73.7%) | 15(26.3%) | |
Absent | 418(75.2%) | 138(24.8%) | |
ETE | 0.947 | ||
Present | 119(74.8%) | 40(25.2%) | |
Absent | 341(75.1%) | 113(24.9%) | |
Posterior acoustic attenuation | 0.282 | ||
Present | 67(79.8%) | 17(20.2%) | |
Absent | 393(74.3%) | 136(25.7%) | |
CLNM in the pathology outcomes | 0.982 | ||
Present | 228 (75.0%) | 76 (25.0%) | |
Absent | 232 (75.1%) | 77 (24.9%) |