Table 1 Characteristics of the identified studies
Study | Country | Study type | Cancer type | Patients(n) | Median age(years) | Median follow-up | Therapies | Endpoints | Quality |
Chen 2022 [14] | China | retrospective | HCC | 136 | 50(25–78) | 18.0(2–72) | local therapy (surgical resection, interventional or radiofrequency ablation therapy) | RFS | 7 |
Guan(1) 2021 [10] | China | retrospective | RCC | 163 | NR | NR | local therapy (surgery) | MFS/OS | 8 |
Guan(2) 2021 [15] | China | prospective | MBC | 135 | 51(27–73) | 36.0(27.8–44.3) | systemic therapy (chemotherapy) | PFS | 7 |
Jansson 2016 [16] | Sweden | prospective | MBC | 52 | 60(40–83) | 12(5–44), 10(1–42), 15(1–38) | systemic therapy (endocrine/chemotherapy) | PFS/OS | 7 |
Li 2022 [17] | China | retrospective | NSCLC | 61 | NR | 8.5(2.1–14.7) | local therapy (surgery)/systemic therapy | PFS | 6 |
Luo 2020 [11] | China | retrospective | HCC | 214 | 53 | 52(18–78) | local therapy (surgery) | DFS/OS | 7 |
Qiu 2022 [18] | China | retrospective | GC | 217 | 59(29–89) | 18.5(4–30) | local therapy (surgery) | OS | 8 |
Wang 2021 [13] | China | retrospective | RCC | 131 | NR | 24(6–61) | local therapy (surgery) | PFS | 6 |
Xu 2022 [19] | China | retrospective | CRC | 329 | 58(16–88) | 30(11–43) | local therapy (surgery) | PFS/OS | 7 |
Zhu 2021 [20] | China | prospective | SCLC | 33 | 63(43–69) | 20(2.8–30.2) | systemic therapy (chemotherapy) | PFS/OS | 7 |
Study | Detection method | Detection system | Marker | Sampling time | Positive rate | Blood(mL) | Cutoff | Â | Â |
Chen 2022 [14] | RNA-ISH | CanPatrol | epithelial markers: EpCAM/CKs mesenchymal markers: Vimentin/Twist leukocyte marker: CD45 | baseline | 31.6% | 5 | 1 | Â | Â |
Guan(1) 2021 [10] | RNA-ISH | CanPatrol | epithelial markers: EpCAM, CK8, CK18, and CK19 mesenchymal markers: Vimentin/Twist leukocyte marker: CD45 | 3Â months after surgery | 11.7% | 5 | 0 | Â | Â |
Guan(2) 2021 [15] | RNA-ISH | CanPatrol | epithelial markers: EpCAM and CK8, CK18, and CK19 mesenchymal markers: Vimentin/Twist leukocyte marker: CD45 | baseline | 5.9%, | 5 | 0 | Â | Â |
Jansson 2016 [16] | ICC | CellSearch | epithelial cells: CK8, CK18, and CK19 leukocyte marker: CD45 | baseline,1–3, and 6 months after chemotherapy or until disease progression | 67.3% 35.3% 29.6% | 7.5 | 0 |  |  |
Li 2022 [17] | SE-iFISH | Cytelligen | CTC: Vimentin leukocyte marker: CD45 | baseline | 29.3% | 6 | 0, 3 | Â | Â |
Luo 2020 [11] | RNA-ISH | CanPatrol | epithelial cells: EpCAM and CK8, CK18, and CK19 mesenchymal cells: Vimentin/Twist leukocyte marker: CD45 | baseline | 41.6% | 7.5 | 2 | Â | Â |
Qiu 2022 [18] | RNA-ISH | CanPatrol | epithelial biomarkers: EpCAM and CK8, CK18, and CK19 mesenchymal biomarkers: Vimentin/Twist leukocyte marker: CD45 | after radical resection | 13.4% | 5 | 0 | Â | Â |
Wang 2021 [13] | RNA-ISH | CanPatrol | epithelial markers: EpCAM, CK8, CK18, and CK19 mesenchymal markers: Vimentin/Twist leukocyte marker: CD45 | baseline | 19.1 | 5 | 0 | Â | Â |
Xu 2022 [19] | RNA-ISH | CanPatrol | epithelial markers: EpCAM, CK8, CK18, and CK19 mesenchymal markers: Vimentin/Twist leukocyte marker: CD45 | baseline and 3Â months after surgery | 11.5% 13.0% | 5 | 0 | Â | Â |
Zhu 2021 [20] | SE-iFISH | Cytelligen | cancer stem cell (CSC) marker: CD44 epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) marker: vimentin leukocyte marker: CD45 | baseline, and following two cycles of chemotherapy | 24.1% 48.1% | 6 | 0 | Â | Â |