Table 2 Study population characteristics among the breast cancer patients and healthy participants
Variables | Control (n = 267) | Case (n = 134) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Demographic data | Â | Â | Â |
Age (year) | 47.1 ± 10.0 | 49.5 ± 10.7 | 0.035 |
First pregnancy age (year) | 18.2 ± 7.4 | 19.6 ± 8.6 | 0.105 |
Body mass index (Kg/m2) | 29.0 ± 5.4 | 30.1 ± 5.7 | 0.071 |
Physical activity ( MET/min/week) | 32.7 ± 5.2 | 32.9 ± 5.4 | 0.701 |
Smoking (yes, %) | 3.4 | 3.0 | 0.842 |
Marital status (married, %) | 77.2 | 78.4 | 0.733 |
Menopausal status (yes, %) | 42.7 | 53.7 | 0.037 |
Cancer family history (yes, %) | 20.6 | 30.6 | 0.028 |
Anti-inflammatory drug (yes, %) | 17.2 | 7.5 | 0.007 |
Vitamin D supplement intake (yes, %) | 24.3 | 14.9 | 0.029 |
Breastfeeding history (yes, %) | 86.1 | 85.8 | 0.930 |
Education level (Bachelor and higher, %) | 14.6 | 19.4 | 0.178 |
Occupation (employed, %) | 20.6 | 17.2 | 0.442 |
Family size (> 4 members, %,) | 55.4 | 56.7 | 0.807 |
Socio economic status (%) | Â | Â | 0.531 |
Low (%) | 37.1 | 38.1 | Â |
Middle (%) | 43.8 | 37.3 | Â |
High (%) | 18.7 | 21.6 | Â |
Dietary intake | Â | Â | Â |
Energy intake(Kcal/d) | 2753 ± 798 | 2562 ± 612 | 0.015 |
Carbohydrate (% of energy) | 53.0 ± 6.4 | 52.4 ± 6.1 | 0.437 |
protein(% of energy) | 12.7 ± 2.1 | 12.4 ± 2.0 | 0.100 |
fat(% of energy) | 34.3 ± 6.7 | 35.2 ± 6.6 | 0.213 |
Polyunsaturated fatty acids(% of energy) | 7.7 ± 2.8 | 8.1 ± 2.8 | 0.119 |
Monounsaturated fatty acids(% of energy) | 11.8 ± 3.0 | 12.4 ± 2.9 | 0.056 |
Saturated fatty acids(% of energy) | 10.6 ± 2.4 | 10.9 ± 1.9 | 0.326 |
Fiber (g/1000 Kcal) | 14.1 ± 4.7 | 13.9 ± 4.3 | 0.724 |
Dietary AGEs intake (kU/day) | 10,150 ± 4265 | 10,017 ± 3275 | 0.752 |