Table 2 A summary of exerkine responses to acute and chronic resistance training
Acute Resistance training | Exerkines | Increase | Decrease | not clear | Chronic Resistance training | Increase | Decrease | not clear |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Skeletal muscle | Myokines | Skeletal muscle | ||||||
Myostatin | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Follistatin | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Irisin | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |||||
IL-6 | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
FGF-21 | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Myonectin | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Adipose tissue | Adipokines | |||||||
Leptin | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Adiponectin | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Resistin | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Chemerin | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Visfatin | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Omentin | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Vaspin | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Progranulin | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Heart | Cardiokines | |||||||
ANP | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
BNP | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
IL-33 | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
IL-18 | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
IL-6 | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
IL-1β | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Follistatin | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
TGF-β | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Ang-II | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
TNF-α | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Liver | Hepatokines | |||||||
Activin-E | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
ANGPTL-4 | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
FGF-21 | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Follistatin | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
IGF-1 | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Skeletal muscle | Myokines | Skeletal muscle | ||||||
Myostatin | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Follistatin | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
irisin | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
IL-6 | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
FGF-21 | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Myonectin | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Adipose tissue | Adipokines | |||||||
Leptin | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Adiponectin | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Resistin | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Chemerin | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Visfatin | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Omentin | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Vaspin | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Progranulin | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Heart | Cardiokines | |||||||
ANP | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
BNP | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
IL-33 | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
IL-18 | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
IL-6 | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
IL-1β | ✓ | |||||||
Follistatin | ✓ | |||||||
TGF-β | ✓ | |||||||
Ang-II | ✓ | |||||||
TNF-α | ✓ | |||||||
Liver | Hepatokines | |||||||
Activin-E | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
ANGPTL-4 | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
FGF-21 | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
Follistatin | ✓ | ✓ | ||||||
IGF-1 | ✓ | ✓ |