Table 8 Combination of radiotherapy and genetic inhibition of targets in bone sarcoma

Osteosarcoma

 CRIF1

Knock down

U2OS cells + xenografts

Increased sensitivity to irradiation, delayed DDR, inactivated G1/S checkpoint, mitochondrial dysfunction. Tumor regression in vivo

[82]

 miR-513a-5p

Treatment with miR-513-5p

Decreased survival, decreased redox and DNA repair, stimulated apoptosis

[104]

 miR-328-3p

Treatment with miR-328-3p

HOS-2R, U2OS

 + HOS xenograft mice

Decreased survival, increased apoptosis, decreased DNA repair

[105]

 iNOS, Nitric Oxide Synthase

Plasmid iNOS

D17 canine OS cell line

Decreased cell survival under hypoxic conditions

[106]

 UBE2T, Fanconi anemia gene, ubiquitine ligase

shRNA

U-2OS MG63, xenograft

Decreased survival fraction, induced cell cycle arrest in G2/M, promote apoptosis

[107]

 AKT2, serin/threonin kinase

miR-203a-3p

MG-63

Promoted apoptosis

[108]

 IGF1R, Insulin-Growth Factor Rceptor

siRNA

U2, MG63, LM-8, SaOS-2, murine xenograft model

Suppressed growth, arrested cells in G0/G1, induced apoptosis, increased cell death,

[109]

Ewing Sarcoma

 Survivin, anti-apoptotic protein

SiRNA

4 EWS cell lines RM-82, CADO-ES-1, VH-64, STA-ET-1

Increased number of radiation-induced DSBs, reduced repair, increased apoptosis, reduced proliferation

[95]

Chordoma

 RAD51, recombinase

shRNA

U-CH1, U-CH2

Decreased cell viability, increased apoptosis

[69]