Table 2 Demographic and clinical characteristics of study participants

Median age in years (± S. D) at enrollment

22.0

Education

Primary

25.9% (21)

Secondary

53.1% (43)

Polytechnic

14.8% (12)

College and higher

6.2% (5)

Gestation age at enrolment

1st trimester (< 14 weeks)

12% (10)

2nd trimester (14–27 weeks)

65.4% (53)

3rd trimester (≥ 28 weeks)

22.2% (18)

Marital status

Single

29.6% (24)

Married

70.4% (57)

Pathogenic protozoan and helminth infections

Trichomonas vaginalis

2.5% (2)

Ascaris lumbricoides

3.7% (3)

Trichuris trichiura

1.2% (1)

Ascaris lumbricoides

3.7% (3)

Trichuris trichiura

1.2% (1)

Schistosoma mansoni

1% (2)

Infant characteristics

Summary

Gender

Male n = 41(%)

Female n = 40 (%)

EBV Positive at 12 months

46.7% (14)

53.3% (16)

EBV Negative at 12 months

52.9% (27)

47.1% (24)

In utero malaria exposed

38.1% (8)

61.9% (13)

Malaria non exposed

55.0% (33)

45.0% (27)

P. falciparum infected at 12months

38.1% (8)

61.9% (13)

Alpha thalassemia (-α^3.7/αα)

50.0% (17)

48.6% (17)

Hb AS

41.2% (7)

58.8% (10)

G6PD A (376T > A)

50.9% (28)

49.1% (27)

G6PD A- (202 C > T/376T > A)

36.8% (7)

63.2% (12)