Fig. 2

Comparisons of traditional and allometric anthropometric indices with respect to breast cancer risk

ABSI – a body shape index; BMI – body mass index; CI – confidence interval; ER+/- – oestrogen receptor status; HC – hip circumference; HCadjWtHt – residuals of hip circumference from linear regression on weight and height; HI – hip index; HR – hazard ratio; PR+/- – progesterone receptor status; SD – standard deviation; WC – waist circumference; WCadjWtHt – residuals of waist circumference from linear regression on weight and height

Models include the following exposures on a continuous scale (z-scores, value minus mean divided by SD): ABSI (mean 72.939; SD 5.070), HI (mean 64.806; SD 2.717), and BMI (mean 25.304; SD 4.464) (allometric + BMI); WCadjWtHt (mean 0; SD 5.641), HCadjWtHt (mean 0; SD 4.246), and BMI (residuals + BMI); one of WC (mean 79.762; SD 11.162), or HC (mean 100.694; SD 9.096), or BMI, each in a separate model (traditional individually); HR (95% CI) (per one SD increase) were derived from Cox proportional hazards models, stratified by age at the anthropometric assessment, country, and categories of menopausal status and, for post-menopausal women, age at menopause (pre-menopausal, peri-menopausal, menopause at < 46 years, menopause at 46 to < 52 years, menopause at ≥ 52 years, menopause at unknown age), and adjusted for height (continuous), smoking status and intensity (never smoker, former quit ≥ 15 years, former quit < 15 years, current ≤ 10 cigarettes/day, current > 10 cigarettes/day), alcohol consumption (none, < 4 g/day, 4 to < 16 g/day, ≥ 16 g/day), physical activity (inactive, moderately inactive, moderately active, active), education (primary/none, technical, secondary, university/longer), hormone replacement therapy use (never, former, current, missing), oral contraceptives use (never, former, current), age at the first period (continuous), parity with age at the first live birth (nulliparous, one at < 25 years, one at ≥ 25 years, two at < 25 years, two at ≥ 25 years, ≥ 3 at < 25 years, ≥ 3 at ≥ 25 years, missing), breastfeeding with duration (never, < 6 months, ≥ 6 months, missing), and energy intake (log-transformed continuous)