Table 3 Identification of the prognostic factors in patients with osteosarcoma (N = 150)

Age (year)

  ≤ 18

1.00 (Reference)

 19–40

0.603 (0.295–1.233)

0.166

  ≥ 41

0.769 (0.264–2.244)

0.631

Gender

 Male

1.00 (Reference)

 Female

0.569 (0.285–1.136)

0.110

Tumor site

 Upper limb

1.00 (Reference)

 Lower limb

0.828 (0.292–2.354)

0.724

 Spine-pelvis

3.550 (0.778–16.192)

0.102

Stage T

 T1

1.00 (Reference)

 T2

1.078 (0.543–2.141)

0.829

 T3

3.480 (0.443–27.355)

0.236

 Unknown

0.793 (0.103–6.089)

0.824

Stage N

 N0

1.00 (Reference)

1.00 (Reference)

 N1

6.630 (1.962–22.401)

0.002

2.675 (0.732–9.772)

 Unknown

1.041 (0.484–2.240)

0.918

2.587 (0.978–6.846)

Bone Mets

 No

1.00 (Reference)

1.00 (Reference)

 Yes

3.094 (1.613–5.934)

0.001

2.447 (1.036–5.780)

Lung Mets

 No

1.00 (Reference)

1.00 (Reference)

 Yes

37.249 (11.330–122.462)

 < 0.001

55.817 (12.83–242.837)

Surgery

 No

1.00 (Reference)

1.00 (Reference)

 Salvage

0.244 (0.081–0.728)

0.011

0.262 (0.077–0.887)

 Amputation

0.283 (0.092–0.870)

0.028

0.096 (0.024–0.376)

 Unknown

0.082 (0.009–0.740)

0.026

0.076 (0.007–0.793)

Chemotherapy

 No

1.00 (Reference)

 Yes

NA

NA

 Unknown

NA

NA

Necrosis

  < 90%

1.00 (Reference)

1.00 (Reference)

  ≥ 90%

0.085 (0.011–0.633)

0.016

1.273 (0.124–13.096)

 Unknown

0.568 (0.294–1.097)

0.092

1.003 (0.463–2.176)

Ki-67

  < 50%

1.00 (Reference)

  ≥ 50%

1.494 (0.334–6.678)

0.599

 Unknown

2.187 (0.758–6.308)

0.148

LDH

 Normal

1.00 (Reference)

 Elevated

1.316 (0.636–2.721)

0.459

ALP

 Normal

1.00 (Reference)

1.00 (Reference)

 Within one time

1.662 (0.820–3.369)

0.969

1.123 (0.373–3.377)

 More than two times

2.453 (1.154–5.214)

0.020

1.38 (0.524–3.63)