Variables | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
HR (95%CI) | P | HR (95%CI) | P | ||
Age (years) | |||||
≤ 60 | Ref. | - | Ref. | - | |
> 60 | 1.663 (1.215–2.276) | 0.001 | 1.357 (0.953–1.932) | 0.091 | |
BMI | 0.953 (0.903–1.005) | 0.075 | |||
Tumor size (cm) | |||||
≤ 2.70 | Ref. | - | |||
2.70–4.40 | 0.862 (0.519–1.432) | 0.567 | |||
> 4.40 | 1.171 (0.716–1.914) | 0.529 | |||
Obstruction before surgery | |||||
Absent | Ref. | - | Ref. | - | |
present | 2.312 (1.62–3.299) | < 0.001 | 2.101 (1.393–3.168) | < 0.001 | |
Sex | |||||
Male | Ref. | - | |||
Female | 0.965 (0.701–1.329) | 0.826 | |||
Family history of cancer | |||||
No | Ref. | - | |||
Yes | 0.793 (0.458–1.374) | 0.408 | |||
Post radiotherapy | |||||
No | Ref. | - | |||
Yes | 0.724 (0.339–1.546) | 0.405 | |||
Adjuvant chemotherapy | |||||
No | Ref. | - | Ref. | - | |
Yes | 0.537 (0.391–0.737) | < 0.001 | 0.497 (0.351–0.704) | < 0.001 | |
Vascular cancer embolus | |||||
Absent | Ref. | - | Ref. | - | |
Present | 1.43 (1.032–1.982) | 0.032 | 1.129 (0.791–1.611) | 0.504 | |
Perineural invasion | |||||
Absent | Ref. | - | Ref. | - | |
Present | 1.445 (1.051–1.986) | 0.024 | 1.881 (1.35–2.62) | < 0.001 | |
Histological grade | |||||
Poorly | Ref. | - | Ref. | - | |
Moderately | 0.568 (0.391–0.825) | 0.003 | 0.69 (0.461–1.033) | 0.071 | |
Well | 0.703 (0.397–1.246) | 0.228 | 1.034 (0.569–1.879) | 0.914 | |
Stage | |||||
I | Ref. | - | |||
II | 1.6 (0.215–11.92) | 0.647 | |||
III | 5.06 (0.705–36.295) | 0.107 | |||
IV | 7.861 (1.08-57.202) | 0.042 | |||
T stage | |||||
T1 | Ref. | - | |||
T2 | 0.152 (0.021–1.081) | 0.060 | |||
T3 | 0.598 (0.147–2.429) | 0.472 | |||
T4 | 0.884 (0.216–3.618) | 0.864 | |||
N stage | |||||
N0 | Ref. | - | Ref. | - | |
N1 | 2.08 (1.384–3.126) | < 0.001 | 1.841 (1.222–2.775) | 0.004 | |
N2 | 2.661 (1.76–4.024) | < 0.001 | 2.311 (1.505–3.55) | < 0.001 | |
M stage | |||||
M0 | Ref. | - | Ref. | - | |
M1 | 1.95 (1.333–2.852) | 0.001 | 3.005 (1.96–4.608) | < 0.001 | |
Primary tumor location | |||||
Rectum | Ref. | - | |||
Right colon | 1.236 (0.839–1.82) | 0.284 | |||
Left colon | 1.273 (0.875–1.853) | 0.207 | |||
ASA | |||||
1 | Ref. | - | |||
2 | 0.502 (0.159–1.584) | 0.240 | |||
3 | 0.642 (0.197–2.091) | 0.462 | |||
4 | 0.763 (0.217–2.679) | 0.673 | |||
Previous history of abdominal surgery | |||||
No | Ref. | - | |||
Yes | 1.227 (0.839–1.793) | 0.292 | |||
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy | |||||
No | Ref. | - | |||
Yes | 1.302 (0.663–2.554) | 0.443 | |||
Preoperative comorbidities | |||||
Total patients | |||||
No | Ref. | - | Ref. | - | |
Yes | 1.424 (1.024–1.98) | 0.035 | 1.319 (0.924–1.881) | 0.127 | |
Cardiovascular disease | |||||
No | Ref. | - | |||
Yes | 1.371 (0.97–1.938) | 0.074 | |||
Cerebrovascular disease | |||||
No | Ref. | - | |||
Yes | 1.447 (0.639–3.273) | 0.375 | |||
COPD | |||||
No | Ref. | - | |||
Yes | 1.227 (0.454–3.312) | 0.687 | |||
Diabetes | |||||
No | Ref. | - | |||
Yes | 1.362 (0.772–2.403) | 0.286 | |||
CEA (ng/mL) | |||||
< 5 | Ref. | - | Ref. | - | |
≥ 5 | 2.439 (1.759–3.384) | < 0.001 | 1.838 (1.291–2.617) | 0.001 | |
CA199 (kU/L) | |||||
< 37 | Ref. | - | Ref. | - | |
≥ 37 | 2.128 (1.537–2.948) | < 0.001 | 1.597 (1.123–2.27) | 0.009 | |
CA125 (U/mL) | |||||
< 35 | Ref. | - | Ref. | - | |
≥ 35 | 2.223 (1.485–3.33) | < 0.001 | 1.466 (0.932–2.305) | 0.098 |