Table 4 Secondary outcome measures in included studies
Author (year) | Outcome measures | Treatment | Oncological outcome |
|---|---|---|---|
Aas (2017) [14] | PCSM, OM | RP | 10 yr PCSM (95%CI): Localized: 4.9% (1.8–10.2), Advanced: 6.5% (1.1–18.2); 10 yr OM (95%CI): Localized: 17.8% (11.6–26.8), Advanced: 9.7% (3.2–27.1) |
RT ± ADT | 10 yr PCSM (95%CI):Localized: 7.6% (4.9–11.1), Advanced: 9.2% (6.8–12.0); 10 yr OM (95%CI): Localized: 20.1% (15.9–25.2), Advanced: 24.5% (20.9–28.6) | ||
Andic (2019) [18] | BCRFS, DMFS, PCSS, OS | RP ± RT ± ADT | 5 yr BCRFS (95%CI): 38.5% (20.1–56.9); 5 yr DMFS (95%CI): 90.9% (82.4–99.4); 5 yr PCSS(95%CI): 96.9% (90.8–100.0); 5 yr OS (95%CI): 87.2% (76.6–97.9) |
EBRT ± ADT | 5 yr BCRFS (95%CI): 78.1% (66.7–89.5); 5 yr DMFS (95%CI): 89.5% (81.4–97.6); 5 yr PCSS (95%CI): 94.1% (87.2–100.0); 5 yr OS (95%CI): 86.8% (77.2–96.3) | ||
Baker (2016) [19] | BCRFS, DM | RP ± RT ± ADT | 5 yr DM rate: 7.8%; Cheng et al.: EBRT vs RP: 5 yr BCRFS: 57.7%, HR = 0.35 (0.11–1.13) |
EBRT ± ADT | 5 yr DM rate: 2%, Cheng et al.: 5 yr BCRFS: 92.8% | ||
Berg (2019) [15] | OS | RP ± RT ± ADT | RP vs EBRT + BT: HR (95%CI): 0.82 (0.70–0.96) |
EBRT + BT ± ADT | EBRT + BT vs RP: HR (95%CI): 1.22 (1.05–1.43) | ||
Cano-Velasco (2019) [20] | PCSS, OS | RP | 5 yr PCSS: 95.7%; 5 yr OS: 92.4%; RP vs EBRT- HR (95%CI):0.48 (0.48–1.50) |
EBRT + ADT | 5 yr PCSS 97%; 5 yr OS: 89.2% | ||
Ciezki (2017) [25] | BCRFS, cRFS, PCSM, GI and GU toxicity (EHR data) | RP ± RT ± ADT | 5 yr BCRFS (95%CI): 65% (61–68); 5 yr cRFS (95%CI): 89% (86–91); 5 yr PCSM (95%CI): 2.8% (1.7–3.9); bRFS—RP vs EBRT: HR (95%CI): 1.43 (1.19–1.79); cRFS—RP vs EBRT: HR (95%CI): 0.72 (0.54–0.97); PCSM—RP vs EBRT: HR (95%CI): 0.50 (0.32–0.77) |
EBRT ± ADT | 5 yr BCRFS (95%CI): 74% (70–77); 5 yr cRFS (95%CI): 85% (83–88); 5 yr PCSM (95%CI): 5.3% (3.6–7.1) | ||
Emam (2020) [26] | BCRFS, DMFS, PCSS, OS | RP ± RT ± ADT | 5 yr BCRFS 36%; 5 yr DMFS 77%; 3 yr PCSS 98%; 3 yr OS 97% |
EBRT ± ADT | 5 yr BCRFS 75%; 5 yr DMFS 91%; 3 yr PCSS 98%; 3 yr OS 94% | ||
Ennis (2018) [16] | OS | RP | See EBRT + ADT/ EBRT + BT ± ADT |
EBRT + ADT | EBRT + ADT vs RP: HR (95%CI):1.53 (1.22–1.92) and 1.33 (1.05 -1.68) in the ≥ 7920 cGy subgroup | ||
EBRT + BT ± ADT | EBRT + BT ± ADT vs RP: HR (95%CI):1.17 (0.88–1.55) | ||
Gunnarsson (2019) [30] | PCSS, OS | RP ± RT ± ADT | 5 yr PCSS: 95.3%, 5 yr OS: 90.8%; At the end of the study period PCSM was 10% |
EBRT ± BT ± ADT | 5 yr PCSS 94.3%, 5 yr OS: 90.7%; At the end of the study period the PCSM was 15%; HR (95%CI): 2.01(1.17–3.43), p = 0.011 | ||
Hayashi (2020) [21] | BCRFS, OS | RP ± ADT | BCRFS improved in EBRT compared to RP group (p < 0.001); OS: no statistically significant difference |
EBRT ± ADT | See RP | ||
Hoffman (2020) [13] | EPIC score, SF-36 score, PCSS, OS | RP | 5Â yr PCSS: 99.5% (98.8, 100); 5Â yr OS: 97.7% (96.2, 99.2) |
EBRT + ADT | 5 yr PCSS: 99.0% (97.7, 100); 5 yr OS: 91.8% (88.2, 95.6) | ||
Kishan (2018) [28] | DM, PCSM, OS | RP ± RT ± ADT | See EBRT + ADT / EBRT + BT ± ADT |
EBRT ± ADT | DM: EBRT vs RP HR (95%CI): 0.90(0.70–1.14); PCSM: EBRT vs RP HR (95%CI): 0.92 (0.67–1.26); OS: EBRT vs RP, ≤ 7.5 yr: HR(95%CI): 1.07 (0.80–1.44); > 7.5 yr: HR (95%CI): 1.34 (0.85–2.11) | ||
EBRT + BT ± ADT | DM: EBRT + BT vs RP HR (95%CI): 0.27 (0.17–0.43); PCSM: EBRT + BT vs RP HR (95%CI): 0.38 (0.21–0.68); OS: EBRT + BT vs RP ≤ 7.5 yr: HR (95%CI): 0.66 (0.46–0.96), > 7.5 yr: HR (95%CI): 1.16 (0.70–1.92) | ||
Koo (2018) [29] | BCRFS, DMFS, PCSS, OS | RP | 5Â yr BCRFS: 3.7%; 5Â yr DMFS: 33.3%;5Â yr PCSS: 98%; 5Â yr OS: 93.3% |
EBRT ± ADT | 5 yr BCRFS: 22.8%; 5 yr DMFS: 41.7%; 5 yr PCSS: 99.2%; 5 yr OS: 92.1%; | ||
Markovina (2017) [22] | DMFS, OS | RP ± RT ± ADT | 5 yr DM: 33% |
EBRT ± ADT | 5 yr DM: 8.9%; EBRT vs RP: DMFS: HR (95%CI): 0.23 (0.07–0.71); OS: HR (95%CI): 1.58 (0.56–4.48) | ||
Reichard (2019) [27] | BCR, LR, DMF,OS | RP ± RT ± ADT | 5 yr BCR (95%CI): 40.8% (34.6–47.6); 5 yr LR (95%CI): 13.1% (9.3–18.3); 5 yr DMF (95%CI): 6% (3.6–10.2); 5 yr OS (95%CI): 95.7% (92–97.8) RP vs RT & ADT- LR: HR (95%CI): 2.7 (1.0–7.9); DMF: HR (95%CI): 2.5 (0.8–1.8); OS: HR (95%CI): 1.35 (0.4–4.8) |
RT + ADT | 5 yr BCR (95%CI): 13.2% (7.0–23.8); 5 yr LR (95%CI): 7.4% (3.1–16.8); 5 yr DMF (95%CI): 7.3% (3.1–16.7); 5 yr OS (95%CI): 98.5% (89.7–99.8) | ||
Robinson (2018) [17] | PCSM | RP | 10Â yr PCSM: 8.9% |
EBRT ± ADT | 10 yr PCSM: 13.7%; RT vs RP HR (95%CI): 1.03 (0.81–1.31) | ||
Tilki (2019) [31] | PCSM, ACM | RP ± EBRT ± ADT | 5 yr PCSM (95%CI)—RP: 21.89% (17.07–27.82); RP + EBRT: 3.93% (1.35–11.19); RP + ADT: 27.04% (20.39–35.32) maxRP: 9.83% (3.82–24.02) AHR (95%CI), MaxRT (ref); RP: 2.80 (1.26–6.22); RP + EBRT: 0.52 (:0.14–1.98); RP + ADT: 3.15 (1.32–7.55); maxRP: 1.33 (0.49–3.64) 5 yr ACM (95%CI)—RP: 26.55% (22.02–34.43); RP + EBRT:12.26% (6.58–22.20); RP + ADT: 36.88%(28.53–44.76); MaxRP: 15.85% (8.27–29.19) AHR (95%CI), MaxRT (ref); RP: 1.65 (0.94–2.91); RP + EBRT: 0.70 (0.31–1.57); RP + ADT: 2.33 (1.23–4.42) MaxRP:0.80 (0.36–1.81) |
EBRT + BT + ADT (maxRT) | 5 yr PCSM (95%CI): 2.22% (0.91–5.37); 5 yr ACM (95%CI): 6.79% (4.40–10.40) | ||
Tward (2020) [23] | HRQoL (SHIM, AUA-SS, IPSS, SHIM, RFAS after 2003) DMFS, OS | RP ± RT ± ADT | 5 yr DMFS: 83.1%; 5 yr OS: 92.8%; |
EBRT + ADT | 5 yr DMFS: 74.6%; 5 yr OS: 79.1% | ||
EBRT + BT + ADT | 5 yr DMFS: 94.8%; 5 yr OS: 87.7% DMFS: EBRT + BT + ADT vs EBRT + ADT: AHR: 0.42, p = 0.13; EBRT + BT + ADT vs RP: AHR: 0.46, p = 0.11 OS: no significant difference between surgery/RT regimen | ||
Yamamoto (2016) [24] | BCRFS | RP | 5Â yr BCRFS: 37.3% |
EBRT + ADT | 5 yr BCRFS: 81.3% (p < 0.001) |