Table 1 Characteristics of included studies

Aas (2017) [14]

Norway (2004–2005)

Retrospective cohort (Population database/ cancer registry)

RP

high-risk localized (EAU): n = 104

high-risk locally advanced (cT3): n = 32

not reported

not reported

not reported

not reported

not reported

RP within 12mos of diagnosis; surgical approach: not reported

median (range): 10 (0–11) yrs

PCSM, OM

RT ± ADT

high-risk localized (EAU): n = 294

high-risk locally advanced (cT3): n = 493

not reported

not reported

not reported

not reported

not reported

RT within 18mos of diagnosis with 6mos neoadjuvant ADT; RT technique: not reported; target dose ≥ 70 Gy (70 Gy: 38%, 72 or 74 Gy: 38%, 76 or 78 Gy: 24%; dose per fraction: 2 Gy); (neo)adjuvant ADT lasting for 3 years: 95%

median (range): 10 ( 0–11) yrs

Andic (2019) [18]

Turkey (Aug 2007-March 2018)

Single-institution retrospective cohort study

RP ± RT ± ADT

high-risk (AUA): n = 48

mean (SD): 64.5 (7.6)

 > GS8: 30 (62.5%)

 ≥ 20: 47.9%

cT2: 35 (72.9%)

cT3: 12 (25%)

cT4: 1 (2.1%)

not reported

RP + PLND; surgical approach: not reported; adjuvant RT:12 (25%) + ADT in 9/12

mean: 41.3 ± 21.5mos

BCRFS, DMFS, PCSS, OS

EBRT ± ADT

high-risk (AUA): n = 72

mean (SD): 67.7 (6.6)

 > GS8: 40 (55.6%)

 ≥ 20: 69.4%

cT2: 46 (63.9%)

cT3: 22 (30.6%)

cT4: 4 (5.6%)

not reported

3D-CRT: 65 (90.3%); IMRT: 7 (9.7%); median dose (range): 74 Gy (70–76), dose per fraction:1.8-2 Gy; ADT: 95.8% (≥ 2yrs: 65.3%, ≥ 1-2yrs: 25%, < 1 yr: 5.6%)

mean: 60.2 ± 30.3mos

Baker (2016) [19]

USA (2001–2014)

Single-institution retrospective cohort study

RP ± RT ± ADT

high-risk (GS ≥ 8): n = 50

mean: 60.9

 ≤ GS7: 18

 ≥ GS8: 31

mean initial PSA: 11.5 (2.9–50.0)

 ≤ cT2:: 47 (96%)

cT3: 2 (4%)

cNx/cN0: n = 49 (98%)

cN1: 2 (4%)

ORP (32%)/ RARP (50%)/ unknown surgical approach (18%) ± PLND; (neo)adjuvant: ADT: 18 (36.0%); adjuvant EBRT: 22 (44.0%)

mean: 60mos

BCRFS, DM

EBRT ± ADT

high-risk (GS ≥ 8)

n = 71

mean: 69.6

 ≤ GS7: 0

 ≥ GS8: 71

mean initial PSA: 9.58 (1.1–19.0)

 ≤ cT2: 63 (88.7%)

cT3: 8(11.3%)

cNX/cN0: 67 (94.4%)

cN1: 4 (5.6%)

3D-CRT or IMRT (percentage missing); total dose 75 to 77 Gy in 40–42 fractions: n = 44, total dose 70 to 70.2 Gy in 28 fractions: n = 31; ADT: 95.8%

mean: 73.7mos

Berg (2019) [15]

USA, NCDB, (2004–2009)

Retrospective cohort (Population database/ cancer registry) re-analysis of Ennis et al. with more restrictive inclusion criteria: younger and healthier men who were diagnosed in the earlier study period to ensure sufficient follow-up

RP ± RT ± ADT

high-risk (NCCN) n = 12,283

median: 58.15 (exclusion age ≥ 66 yr)

 ≤ GS6: 1757

GS7: 3449

GS8: 3777

GS9: 3184

GS10:116

 < 10: 6032

10–20: 1550

 > 20: 4701

cT1: 6391

cT2: 3697

cT3: 2111

cT4: 84

all N0

Surgical approach: not reported; (neo)adjuvant ADT: 15%; adjuvant RT: 15%

median: 91.0mos

OS

EBRT + BT ± ADT

high-risk (NCCN): n = 1702

median: 58.12 (exclusion age ≥ 66 yr)

 ≤ GS6:202

GS7:394

GS8:717

GS9: 359

GS10:30

 < 10: 795

10–20: 273

 > 20: 634

cT1: 745

cT2: 611

cT3: 340

cT4: 6

all N0

RT technique: not reported, dose not reported (sensitivity analysis reported by Ennis et al. with 2 groups: < 7920 cGy versus ≥ 7920 cGy); ADT: 1176 (69%)

median: 101mos

Cano-Velasco (2019) [20]

Spain (1996–2008)

Single-institution retrospective cohort study

RP

high-risk (EAU): n = 145

median: 65

 ≤ GS6:19 (13.1%)

GS7: 14 (9.7%)

 ≥ GS8: 112 (77.2%)

 > 20: 30 (20.7%)

cT1: 48 (33.1%)

cT2a-b: 59 (40.7%)

cT2c: 38 (26.2%)

cT3a: 0 (0)

not reported

ORP; RP (monotherapy) ± PLND

median: 152mos

PCSS, OS

EBRT + ADT

high-risk (EAU): n = 141

median: 71

 ≤ GS6: 26 (18.4%)

GS7: 49 (34.8%)

 ≥ GS8: 66 (46.8%)

 > 20: 66 (46.8%)

cT1: 24 (17%)

cT2a-b: 32 (22.7%)

cT2c: 64 (45.4%)

CT3a: 21 (14.9%)

not reported

3D-CRT; median total dose (IQR): 74 Gy (74–75); dose per fraction: not reported; ADT: 100%

median: 97mos

Ciezki (2017) [25]

USA (1996–2012)

Single-institution retrospective cohort study

RP ± RT ± ADT

high-risk (NCCN): n = 1308

median: 62

GS6:70

GS7:662

GS8:397

GS9:178

GS10:4

 ≥ 20: 196 (15%)

 ≤ cT2: 1268

cT3: 43

not reported

ORP (56%); LRP (8%); RARP (36%); (neo)adjuvant ADT:19%; adjuvant or salvage RT: 18.6%

median: 55.6mos

BCRFS, cRFS, PCSM, GI and GU toxicity (EHR data)

EBRT ± ADT

high-risk (NCCN): n = 734

median: 68.5

GS6:76

GS7:354

GS8:178

GS9:117

GS10:9

 ≥ 20: 271 (36%)

 ≤ cT2: 633

cT3: 101

not reported

RT technique: not reported; dose: ≥ 78 Gy at 2 Gy/fraction (52%) or 70 Gy at 2.5 Gy/fraction (48%); (neo)adjuvant ADT: 93% (> 6mos: 26%; 1-6mos:66%)

median: 94.6mos

Emam (2020) [26]

USA (March 2006-July 2017)

Single-institution retrospective cohort study

RP ± RT ± ADT

high- or very high-risk localized PCa (NCCN): n = 291

mean: 61

GS6: 8

GS7: 60

GS8:142

GS9-10:81

highest pretreatment PSA: 7.89

cT1: 129

cT2: 129

cT3: 33

not reported

RARP + PLND (97%); neoadjuvant ADT: 22 (7.6%); adjuvant/salvage therapy: 170 (58%); adjuvant/salvage EBRT:135 (46%); ADT: 91 (31%)

median (range): 5.1 (2.3–12.8) yrs, cases with less than 2yrs follow-up were excluded

BCRFS, DMFS, PCSS, OS

USA (April 2007-Oct 2017)

EBRT ± ADT

high- or very high-risk localized PCa (NCCN): n = 44

mean: 71

GS6:0

GS7: 4

GS8: 26

GS9-10:14

highest pretreatment PSA: 10.58

cT1: 19

cT2: 23

cT3: 1

not reported

VMAT; median total dose 81 Gy in 45 fractions; (neo)adjuvant ADT: 42 (95%), median (IQR) duration: 24 (18)mos

median (range): 3.3 (2–12.4) yrs, cases with less than 2yrs follow-up were excluded

Ennis (2018) [16]

USA (NCDB: 2004–2013)

Retrospective cohort (Population database/ cancer registry)

RP

high-risk (NCCN): n = 24,688

mean (SD): 62.61 (7.02)

 ≤ GS6: 2,652 (10.74%)

GS7: 4,705 (19.06%)

GS8: 11,081 (44.88%)

GS9: 5,910 (23.94%)

GS10: 340 (1.38%)

mean (SD): 19.02 (21.13)

 ≤ cT2: 21,968 (88.97%)

 ≥ cT3: 2,723 (11.03%)

all N0

Surgical approach: not reported

only for the total group: median 36.34mos

OS

EBRT + ADT

high-risk (NCCN): n = 15,435

mean (SD): 69.66 (8.19)

 ≤ GS6: 553 (3.58%)

GS7: 2,837 (18.38%)

GS8: 6,545 (42.40%)

GS9: 4,968 (32.19%)

GS10: 532 (3.45%)

mean (SD): 22.58 (23.81)

 ≤ cT2: 12,906 (83.62%)

 ≥ cT3: 2,723 (11.03%)

all N0

RT technique: not reported; sensitivity analysis with 2 groups: < 7920 cGy versus ≥ 7920 cGy; ADT: 100%

EBRT + BT ± ADT

high-risk (NCCN): n = 2,642

mean (SD): 67.15 (7.72)

 ≤ GS6:171 (6.47%)

GS7: 546 (20.67%)

GS8: 1,190 (45.04%)

GS9: 683 (25.85%)

GS10: 52 (1.97%)

mean (SD): 18.96 (20.75)

 ≤ cT2: 2,233 (84.52%)

 ≥ cT3: 409 (15.48%)

RT technique: not reported; sensitivity analysis with 2 groups: < 7920 cGy versus ≥ 7920 cGy

Gunnarsson (2019) [30]

Sweden (1995–2010)

Retrospective cohort study: RP from single institution; RT from National Prostate Cancer Register (NPCR)

RP ± RT ± ADT

high-risk (modification of D'Amico criteria: cT3 and/or PSA 20–50 ng/ml and /or GS 8–10):

n = 153

mean: 64.2

 ≤ GS6: 27

GS7 53

GS8-10: 73

mean: 19.3

 ≤ cT2: 101

 ≥ cT3: 52

not reported

Surgical approach: not reported; PLND: 135 (88%); neoadjuvant ADT: 131 (86%); adjuvant ADT: 11 (7%); adjuvant RT: 99 (64%)

2yrs: 100%; 5yrs: 95%; 10yrs: 87%; 15yrs: 84%

PCSS, OS

EBRT ± BT ± ADT

high-risk (modification of D'Amico criteria): n = 702

mean: 64.3

 ≤ GS6: 152

GS7: 305

GS8-10: 245

mean: 20.6

 ≤ cT2: 329

 ≥ cT3: 371

not reported

RT technique: not reported; EBRT up to 78 Gy alone: 495 (71%); HDR-BT 20 Gy + EBRT 50 Gy: 207 (29%); RT with neoadjuvant ADT was preferred treatment; ADT usually prolonged up to 2yrs after RT

2yrs: 99%; 5yrs: 94%; 10yrs: 84%; 15yrs: 70%

Hayashi (2020) [21]

Japan (2004–2015)

Single-institution retrospective cohort study

RP ± ADT

total: n = 462; high-risk (NCCN): n = 163

66 ± 6.1 (n = 462)

GS 8–10: 106

8.9 ± 10.5 (n = 462)

cT2c: 63

cT3-4: 32

not reported

2004–2011: ORP; 2011–2012: ORP or LRP; 2014–2015: RARP ± PLND; ADT: 23 (5%)

median (range): 77 (13.3–155) mos (n = 462)

BCRFS, OS

EBRT ± ADT

total: n = 319; high-risk (NCCN): n = 174

73 ± 5.5 (n = 319)

GS 8–10: 93

11.2 ± 15.2 (n = 319)

cT2c: 35

cT3-4: 74

not reported

IMRT; dose 2004–2006: 74.7 Gy/37 fractions—82.3 Gy/42 fractions; dose 2006–2015: 76 Gy/38 fractions; ADT: 98.1%, median (range) duration: 35 (2–96) mos

median (range): 54 (1.9–143) mos (n = 319)

Hoffman (2020) [13]

USA (2011–2012)

Prospective population based cohort study

RP

unfavorable risk (cT2cN0M0 PSA 20–50 ng/ml; Grade group 3, 4 or 5):

n = 402

median: 64 (IQR 59–68)

 ≤ GS7: 252 (63%)

GS8-10: 149 (37%)

median (IQR): 6 (5–9)

cT1: 212

cN0

RARP: 257 (66%)

median (IQR): for vital status: 73(63–79) mos (favorable and unfavorable)

EPIC score, SF-36 score, PCSS, OS

EBRT + ADT

unfavorable risk (cT2cN0M0 PSA 20–50 ng/ml; Grade group 3, 4 or 5): n = 217

median: 71 (IQR 66–74)

 ≤ GS7: 118 (54%)

GS8-10: 98 (45%)

median (IQR): 7 (5–13)

cT1: 124

cN0

IMRT: 188 (87%), median (IQR) total dose: 78 Gy (76-79 Gy); median (IQR) dose per fraction: 1.8 (1.8–2.0); ADT: 100%

median (IQR): for vital status: 73(63–79) mos (favorable and unfavorable)

Kishan (2018) [28]

USA, Norway (2000–2013)

Multicenter retrospective cohort study

RP ± RT ± ADT

high-risk (GS = 9–10): n = 639

median: 61.0

GS9: 613

GS10: 26

mean (range): 11.26 (0.4–378.6)

 ≤ cT2: 557 (87%)

cT3a: 36 (6%)

cT3b: 21 (3%)

cT4: 24 (3%)

not reported

Surgical approach: not reported; neoadjuvant systemic therapy: 19%; adjuvant RT: 8.7%; adjuvant systemic therapy: 11.3%

median: 4.2yrs

DM, PCSM, OS

EBRT ± ADT

high-risk (GS = 9–10):n = 734

median: 67.7

GS9: 686

GS10: 48

mean (range): 21.5 (0.4–525.5)

 ≤ cT2 412 (56%)

cT3a: 103 (14%)

cT3b: 75 (10%)

cT4: 44 (6%)

not reported

RT technique: not reported; dose: median (range) EQD2 (assuming an α/β of 1.5 Gy): 74.3 Gy (65–81.4); ADT: 89.5% (median duration 21.9mos)

median: 5.1yrs

EBRT + BT ± ADT

high-risk (GS = 9–10): n = 436

median: 67.5

GS9: 398

GS0: 38

mean (range): 14.8 (0.1–273.5)

 ≤ cT2: 343 (78%)

cT3a: 63 (14%)

cT3b: 7 (2%)

cT4: 3 (1%)

not reported

RT technique: not reported; dose: median EQD2 (range) 91.5 Gy (75.8–131.4); ADT: 92.4% (median duration: 12mos)

median: 6.3yrs

Koo (2018) [29]

Korea (2000–2016)

Multicenter retrospective cohort study

RP

total: n = 339; high-risk (NCCN): n = 209

median (IQR): 70.0 (66–73) (n = 339)

 ≤ GS7: 78 (23%);

GS 7: 133 (39.2%);

GS:8–9: 128 (37.8%)

median (IQR): 10.4 (6.7–20.7) (n = 339)

 ≤ cT2: 219 (64.6%)

cT3: 99 (29.2%)

cT4: 21 (6.2%)

cN0: 322 (95%)

cN1: 17 (5%)

Retropubic/RARP ± PLND

median (IQR): 69.0 (42.7–94.0) mos

BCRFS, DMFS, PCSS, OS

EBRT ± ADT

total: n = 339; high-risk (NCCN): n = 209

median (IQR): 70.1 (66–74) (n = 339)

 ≤ GS7: 78 (23%);

GS 7: 133 (39.2%);

GS 8–9: 128 (37.8%)

median (IQR):10.7 (7.0–21.5) (n = 339)

 ≤ cT2: 219 (64.6%)

cT3: 99 (29.2%)

cT4: 21 (6.2%)

cN0: 322 (95%)

cN1: 17 (5%)

Overall: 3D-CRT: 216 (63.7%); IMRT: 123 (36.3%); median (IQR) total dose: 70 Gy (70-74 Gy), in 33.5 fractions (IQR: 28–37), dose > 76 Gy: 295 (87%); ADT: 186 (88.9%)

median (IQR): 60.5 (39.0–98.0) mos

Markovina (2017) [22]

USA (2001–2011)

Single-institution retrospective cohort study

RP ± RT ± ADT

high-risk (NCCN); n = 62

mean (SD): 62.9 (7.1)

GS 6–7: 17 (27.4%)

GS 8: 30 (48.4%)

GS 9–10: 15 (24.2%)

 < 10: 30 (48.4%)

10–20: (8.1%)

 > 20: 27 (43.5%)

 ≤ cT2: 59 (95.2%)

cT3: 3 (4.8%)

not reported

ORP, LRP or RARP + PLND; adjuvant RT and/or ADT: 5 (8%)

median (± SD): 41 ± 26.5mos

DMFS, OS

EBRT ± ADT

high-risk (NCCN): n = 62

mean (SD): 64.2 (9.1)

GS 6–7: 17 (27.4%)

GS 8: 30 (48.4%)

GS 9–10: 15 (24.2%)

 < 10: 30 (48.4%)

10–20: (8.1%)

 > 20: 27 (43.5%)

 ≤ cT2: 59 (95.2%)

cT3: 3 (4.8%)

not reported

IMRT: 60 (97%); median (range) total dose: 75.6 Gy (73.8–77.4); ADT: 80.6%

median (± SD): 51.4 ± 29.8mos

Reichard (2019) [27]

USA (2004–2013)

Single-institution retrospective cohort study

RP ± RT ± ADT

high-risk (NCCN): n = 231

median (range): 61 (41–80)

 ≤ GS7: 33 (14%)

GS 8: 115 (50%)

GS9-10: 83 (36%)

median (range): 6.8 (1–36)

 ≤ cT2: 177 (77%)

cT3-4: 54 (23%)

not reported

ORP: 130 (56%); RARP: 101 (44%); PLND: 100%; neoadjuvant ADT: 73 (32%), median (IQR) duration: 3 (1–14) mos; adjuvant RT: 9 (4%)

median (range): 79 (1–155) mos

BCR, LR, DMF,OS

RT + ADT

high-risk (NCCN): n = 73

median (range): 66 (54–78)

 ≤ GS7: 7: 15 (21%)

GS 8: 31 (43%)

GS9-10: 27 (37%)

median (range): 6.8 (1–29)

 ≤ cT2: 51 (70%)

cT3-4: 22 (30%)

not reported

IMRT (85%), Proton (12%), VMAT (3%); dose > 75 Gy in 99%, ≥ 74 Gy in 100%; ADT: 100%, median (IQR) duration: 22mos (14–23)

median (range): 87 (20–149) mos

Robinson (2018) [17]

Sweden (1998–2012)

Retrospective cohort (Population database/ cancer registry)

RP

total: n = 26,449; high-risk (NCCN): n = 3321

mean (SD): 63.1 (5.8) (n = 26,449)

ISUP ≤ 3: 23,283 (88%)

ISUP 4–5: 1770 (7%)

median (IQR): 6.9 (4.9–10) (n = 26,449)

 ≤ cT2: 25,483 (96%)

T3: 745 (3%)

cN0: 5545 (21%)

cNx: 20778 (79%)

1998–2002: 3462 (81.0%) ORP, 426 (14.4%) LRP, 1684 (4.6%) RARP; 2003–2008: 6810 (70.3%) ORP, 807 (7.3%) LRP, 3328 (22.3%) RARP; 2009–2012: 6181 (43.7%) ORP, 734 (4.6%) LRP, 3017 (51.8%) RARP

mean (± SD): 7.3 (± 3.7) yrs

PCSM

EBRT ± ADT

total: n = 15,504; high-risk (NCCN): n = 6041

mean (SD): 67 (5.8) (n = 15,504)

ISUP ≤ 3: 11,632 (75%)

ISUP 4–5: 2487 (16%)

median (IQR): 10 (6.4–18) (n = 15,504)

 ≤ cT2: 11,814 (76%)

T3: 3101 (21%)

cN0: 4498 (30%)

cNx: 10470 (70%)

RT technique: not reported; 14,512 (94%) EBRT ± HDR-BT/ photon/ proton boost, 992 (6%) BT; Median EQD2 (α/β = 3 Gy) EBRT/HDR-BT ± EBRT: 1998–2002: 71.9 Gy/101.7 Gy, 2003–2008: 77.0 Gy/101.3 Gy and 2009–2012: 78.8 Gy/101.4 Gy; ADT: 90% (≥ 2006)

mean (± SD): 6.9 (± 3.7) yrs

Tilki (2019) [31]

USA and Germany (1992–2013)

Retrospective cohort study: RP cohort from single institution in de USA; EBRT cohort from single institution in Germany

RP ± EBRT ± ADT

high-risk (GS9-10): n = 559

median (IQR):

RP: 66.40 (60.81–70.46)

RP + EBRT: 66.64 (61.83–69.81)

RP + ADT: 66.38 (61.48–69.98)

maxRP: 66.04 (61.69–69.67)

GS9: 556 (99%)

GS10: (1%)

median (IQR): RP: 12.02 (8.18–22.99); RP + EBRT: 12.50 (6.98–22.65); RP + ADT: 21.00 (11.00–39.49); maxRP: 13.11 (8.40–32.68)

 ≤ cT2: 538 (96%)

cT3-4: 21 (4%)

All cN0

RP: 372 (66.5%); RP + EBRT: 88 (15.7%); RP + ADT:49 (8.8%); RP + EBRT + ADT (maxRP): 50 (8.9%); ORP: 92.8%, RARP: 7.2%; PLND: 100%

median (IQR): 4.78 (4.01–6.05) yrs

PCSM, ACM

EBRT + BT + ADT (maxRT)

high-risk (GS9-10): n = 88

median (IQR): 70.34 (64.18–74.23)

GS9: 75 (94%)

GS10: 5 (6%)

median (IQR):10.55 (6.58–18.38)

 ≤ cT2: 47 (59%)

cT3-4: 33 (41%)

All cN0

IMRT; EBRT dose: 25 fractions of 1.8 Gy; BT (I-25,Pd or Cs-131): 90-108 Gy; ADT: 100%, median (IQR) duration: 6 (4–12) mos

median (IQR): 5.51 (2.19–6.95) yrs

Tward (2020) [23]

USA (2000–2017)

Single-institution retrospective cohort study

RP ± RT ± ADT

high-risk and very high-risk (NCCN): n = 410

63.9

ISUP1-3: 27%

ISUP4: 45%

ISUP5: 29%

 < 10: 42%

10–20: 32%

 > 20: 26%

T1-T2: 88%

T2-T3:12%

not reported

RARP: 218 (53.2%); nerve-sparing surgery 293 (71.5%); PLND: 331 (80.7%); adjuvant/salvage RT: 141 (34%), combined with ADT in 73%, median duration: 6mos

median: 4.2yrs for OS and DMFS

HRQoL (SHIM, AUA-SS, IPSS, SHIM, RFAS after 2003) DMFS, OS

EBRT + ADT

high-risk and very high-risk (NCCN): n = 90

69

ISUP1-3: 31%

ISUP4: 42%

ISUP5: 27%

 < 10: 26%

10–20: 41%

 > 20: 33%

T1-T2: 76%

T2-T3:24%

not reported

RT technique: not reported; dose: median (range) EQD2: 75.2 Gy (71.8–83.8); ADT: 100%, median (IQR) duration: 18 (6–28) mos

median: 7.3yrs and 6.3yrs for OS and DMFS

EBRT + BT + ADT

high-risk and very high-risk (NCCN): n = 86

69.4

ISUP1-3: 31%

ISUP4: 42%

ISUP5: 27%

 < 10: 36%

10–20: 37%

 > 20: 27%

T1-T2: 59%

T2-T3:41%

not reported

RT technique: not reported; median EQD2: 44.4 Gy + Brachy (LDR: 64%, HDR: 36%); ADT: 100%, median (IQR) duration: 6 (6–6) mos

median: 7.0yrs and 5.6yrs for OS and DMFS

Yamamoto (2016) [24]

Japan (2007–2013)

Single-institution retrospective cohort study

RP

high-risk (NCCN): n = 71

median (range): 70 (56–82)

 ≤ GS7: 35 (49.3%)

GS8-10: 36 (50.7%)

median (range): 11.9 (4.3–63.9)

 ≤ cT2: 34 (48%)

cT3a: 37 (52%)

all cN0

ORP + PLND; patients who received concurrent ADT and or adjuvant RT were excluded

median (range): 59.1 (9.0–106.9) mos

BCRFS

EBRT + ADT

high-risk (NCCN): n = 43

median (range): 73 (58–83)

 ≤ GS7:: 7 (16.3%)

GS8-10: 36 (83.7%)

median (range): 17.6 (4.7–204)

 ≤ cT2: 24 (56%)

cT3a: 19 (44%)

all cN0

2007–2010: 3D-CRT (70 Gy in 35 fractions); 2010–2013: VMAT (78 Gy in 39 fractions); ADT: 100%, median (range) duration: 21.4 (9.2–28.9) mos

median (range): 54.5 (29.2–107) mos