Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analyses of the clinical features and exoPD-L1 levels for overall survival in patients with pancreatic cancer

HR (95% CI)

p value

HR (95% CI)

p value

Age ≥ 65 (vs. <65 year)

1.96 (1.10–3.51)

0.024

1.78 (0.90–3.51)

0.097

ECOG PS 2 (vs. ECOG PS 0–1)

2.97 (1.58–5.58)

0.001

2.22 (1.11–4.45)

0.024

Received chemotherapy (vs. none)

0.19 (0.09–0.37)

< 0.001

0.31 (0.14–0.71)

0.005

Metastatic disease (vs. locally advanced)

3.92 (0.95–16.1)

0.058

3.33 (0.77–14.4)

0.108

ExoPD-L1 high (vs. low)

1.65 (0.98–2.79)

0.062

1.18 (0.65–2.15)

0.579

NLR ≥ 3.5 (vs. <3.5)

3.17 (1.85–5.43)

< 0.001

4.52 (2.46–8.30)

< 0.001

CA 19 − 9 ≥ 59×ULN (vs. <59×ULN)

1.92 (1.09–3.35)

0.023

1.33 (0.72–2.46)

0.370