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Table 2 Crude and multivariable-adjusted OR and 95% CIs across tertile of GI, GL, II, IL, CQI, and LCDS (in 71 cases and 142 controls)

From: Carbohydrate quality indices and colorectal cancer risk: a case-control study

Variables

Case/Control

Crude

Adjusted Model

GI

71/142

  

T1

17/54

1.00 (Reference)

1.00 (Reference)

T2

21/50

1.33 (0.63–2.81)

1.35 (0.59–3.04)

T3

33/38

2.75 (1.34–5.65)

3.89 (1.71–8.84)

Ptrend

 

0.005

0.001

GL

71/142

  

T1

19/52

1.00 (Reference)

1.00 (Reference)

T2

28/43

1.78 (0.87–3.62)

2.42 (1.07–5.47)

T3

24/47

1.39 (0.68–2.87)

1.85 (0.73–4.70)

Ptrend

 

0.374

0.165

II

71/142

  

T1

21/50

1.00 (Reference)

1.00 (Reference)

T2

23/48

1.14 (0.56–2.32)

1.08 (0.48–2.42)

T3

27/44

1.46 (0.72–2.94)

1.82 (0.80–4.13)

Ptrend

 

0.286

0.122

IL

71/142

  

T1

18/53

1.00 (Reference)

1.00 (Reference)

T2

27/44

1.91 (0.92–3.95)

2.46 (1.08–5.61)

T3

26/45

1.87 (0.90–3.86)

2.80 (1.07–7.31)

Ptrend

 

0.098

0.027

CQI

71/142

  

T1

30/32

1.00 (Reference)

1.00 (Reference)

T2

26/65

0.34 (0.17–0.68)

0.24 (0.11–0.53)

T3

15/45

0.27 (0.12–0.59)

0.15 (0.06–0.39)

Ptrend

 

0.001

<0.001

LCDS

71/142

  

T1

30/40

1.00 (Reference)

1.00 (Reference)

T2

18/53

0.45 (0.22–0.92)

0.33 (0.13–0.79)

T3

23/49

0.62 (0.31–1.24)

0.28 (0.10–0.82)

Ptrend

 

0.173

0.021

  1. GI, glycemic index; GL, glycemic load; II, insulin index; IL, insulin load; CQI, carbohydrate quality index; LCDS, low-carbohydrate diet score.
  2. Adjusted for BMI, energy intake, physical activity, smoking, history of CRC, and taking ibuprofen, aspirin, acetaminophen, and vitamin/mineral supplement.
  3. -These values are presented as odds ratio (95% CIs).
  4. -Obtained from logistic regression.