Table 4 The risk factors analysis of postoperative adverse outcomes according to univariate and multivariate analysis using raw cohort and matched cohort

Surgery

 LS

Reference

Reference

 OP

1.68(1.20,2.35)

0.002

0.97(0.60,1.56)

0.904

 Female

0.79(0.57,1.08)

0.141

1.07(0.66,1.75)

0.776

 Age ≥ 60 y

0.95(0.68,1.34)

0.780

0.77(0.47,1.27)

0.305

BMI, Kg/cm²

 18.5

Reference

Reference

 18.5 ~ 24

0.72(0.32,1.64)

0.436

2.09(0.64,6.82)

0.221

 > 24

0.79(0.55,1.13)

0.195

0.98(0.57,1.70)

0.955

ASA

 I

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

 II

1.88(1.22,2.89)

0.004

1.938(1.203,3.121)

0.007

1.75(0.97,3.18)

0.064

2.36(1.23,4.53)

0.010

 III

2.41(1.40,4.13)

0.001

2.578(1.388,4.788)

0.003

3.39(1.56,7.38)

0.002

5.11(2.15,12.17)

 < 0.001

 Tumor size > 3 cm

0.67(0.48,0.95)

0.025

0.88(0.51,1.49)

0.624

 Positive of lymphnodes ≥ 1

1.20(0.85,1.70)

0.295

1.25(0.74,2.10)

0.402

 Lymphnodes > 8

1.56(1.09,2.23)

0.016

1.16(0.68,1.98)

0.584

 Preoperative Tbil > 85.5 μmol/L

1.58(1.146,2.18)

0.005

1.68(0.99,2.85)

0.053

 Preoperative AST > 40 μmol/L

2.20(1.50,3.23)

 < .0001

1.97(1.10, 3.54)

0.023

 Preoperative ALT > 40 μmol/L

2.12(1.42,3.18)

0.0003

1.75(0.96,3.20)

0.068

CA199, U/ml

 ≤ 50

Reference

Reference

 50 ~ 400

1.38(0.88,2.19)

0.164

0.98(0.49,1.94)

0.944

 ≥ 400

1.45(0.89,2.36)

0.137

1.11(0.51,2.41)

0.788

Operating time, min

 ≤ 200

Reference

Reference

 200 ~ 400

1.35(0.75,2.42)

0.315

2.22(0.90,5.47)

0.082

  ≥ 400

2.11(1.13,3.96)

0.020

2.66(1.01,7.01)

0.048

IBL, ml

 ≤ 100

Reference

Reference

Reference

Reference

 100 ~ 500

2.45(1.58,3.80)

 < .0001

2.23(1.40,3.55)

 < 0.001

2.45(1.27,4.72)

0.008

2.28(1.14,4.54)

0.019

 ≥ 500

3.41(2.15,5.42)

 < .0001

2.75(1.64,4.62)

 < 0.001

2.33(1.17,4.62)

0.016

1.54(0.74,3.21)

0.254

 Transfusion during surgery

2.00(1.44,2.78)

 < .0001

1.43(0.87,2.35)

0.154

Hepatectomy

 Bile duct only

Reference

Reference

 Left hemihepatectomy

0.80(0.56,1.14

0.212

0.49(0.32,0.74)

 < 0.001

1.06(0.617,1.82)

0.835

 Right hemihepatectomy

2.36(1.40,3.96)

0.001

1.02(0.54,1.92)

0.955

1.33(0.633,2.79)

0.453

 Left Segmentectomy

4.29(0.82,22.51)

0.086

4.06(0.66,25.02)

0.131

3.13(0.28,35.41)

0.358

 Right Segmentectomy

1.71(0.42,7.01)

0.453

1.46(0.34,6.22)

0.613

1.56(0.30,8.06)

0.594

 Bile duct and part of hepatectomy

0.91(0.37,2.23)

0.844

1.37(0.47,4.11)

0.576

0.87(0.27,2.75)

0.810

 Conversion to laparotomy

1.21(0.48,3.05)

0.686

1.78(0.53,5.99)

0.349

 Vascular resection

None

Reference

Reference

 Hepatic artery

1.30(0.65,2.60)

0.461

1.35(0.65,2.82)

0.419

1.00(0.38,2.63)

0.999

 Portal vein

2.95(1.24,7.03)

0.015

1.97(0.71,5.49)

0.196

8.56(0.98,74.49)

0.052

 Hepatic artery & Portal vein

5.97(3.17,11.25)

 < .0001

3.47(1.70,7.07)

 < 0.001

5.48(1.94,15.48)

0.003

 Vascular reconstruction

3.28(1.44,7.49)

0.005

12.41(1.53,100.65)

0.013

13.18(1.53,113.89)

0.019

Digestive reconstruction

 Choledochojejunostomy

Reference

Reference

Reference

 Hepaticojejunostomy

2.01(1.43,2.82)

 < .0001

1.81(1.22,2.70)

0.004

1.80(1.08,2.99)

0.024

2.13(1.21,3.75)

0.009

 Biliary plasty

1.33(0.96,1.84)

0.082

0.84(0.52,1.35)

0.459

TNM stage

 I(T1N0M0)

Reference

Reference

 II(T2a/2bN0M0)

0.78(0.48,1.28)

0.325

0.84(0.42,1.69)

0.617

 IIIA(T3N0M0)

0.84(0.44,1.60)

0.602

1.67(0.58,4.83)

0.342

 IIIB(T4N0M0)

0.62(0.31,1.27)

0.191

1.10(0.36,3.30)

0.872

 IVA(T, N2M0)

1.01(0.58,1.77)

0.960

1.05(0.47,2.34)

0.907

 IVB(T,N,M1)

0.91(0.44,1.91)

0.807

0.80(0.27,2.41)

0.689