Table 1 Baseline Characteristics and Intra- and Postoperative Outcomes
|  | LLR cohort (n = 900) | OLR cohort (n = 423) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
Diagnosis | 0.37 | ||
 HCC | 840 (93.3%) | 389 (92.0%) | |
 ICC or CCC | 60 (6.7%) | 34 (8.0%) | |
 Age (Years) | 55.0 (38.0–72.0) | 54.0 (36.0–72.0) | 0.53 |
 Sex (Male; Female) | 760; 140 | 360; 63 | 0.76 |
 History of pre-treatment (Yes; No) | 231; 669 | 123; 300 | 0.19 |
 HBV infection (Yes; No) | 765; 135 | 354; 69 | 0.54 |
 Child Pugh score (5; 6) | 857; 43 | 389; 34 | 0.02 |
 ALBI grade (I; II) | 843; 57 | 384; 39 | 0.07 |
 Albumin (g/dl) | 44.1 (40.3–47.9) | 43.8 (39.8–47.8) | 0.03 |
 Total bilirubin (umol/L) | 12.4 (6.3–18.5) | 12.3 (6.7–17.9) | 0.40 |
 AFP (ng/ml) | 32.3, 405.2 | 30.2, 810.7 | 0.06 |
 Tumor diameter (cm) | 3.5 (1.0–6.0) | 6.0 (2.0–10.0) | < 0.001 |
 Tumor number (Single; multiple) | 729; 171 | 287; 136 | < 0.001 |
Tumor location | < 0.001 | ||
 Sg 1 | 13 (1.4%) | 3 (0.7%) | |
 Sg 2/3 | 340 (37.8%) | 51 (12.1%) | |
 Sg 4 | 102 (11.3%) | 40 (9.5%) | |
 Sg 5 | 119 (13.2%) | 42 (9.9%) | |
 Sg 6 | 194 (21.6%) | 69 (16.3%) | |
 Sg 7 | 65 (7.2%) | 78 (18.4%) | |
 Sg 8 | 67 (7.4%) | 140 (33.1%) | |
Tumor location (pre-defined) | < 0.001 | ||
 Location I | 340 (37.8%) | 51 (12.1%) | |
 Location II | 415 (46.1%) | 151 (35.7%) | |
 Location III | 145 (16.1%) | 221 (52.2%) | |
Extent of resection | |||
 Wedge resection 1 | 314 (34.9%) | 147 (34.8%) | < 0.001 |
 Left lateral sectionectomy 2 | 168 (18.7%) | 18 (4.3%) | |
 Single segmentectomy 3 | 116 (12.9%) | 47 (11.1%) | |
 Bisegmentectomy 4 | 84 (9.3%) | 68 (16.1%) | |
 Sectionectomy (except left lateral) | 42 (4.7%) | 30 (7.1%) | |
 Trisectionectomy 6 | 18 (2.0%) | 28 (6.6%) | |
 Left hepatectomy 7 | 70 (7.8%) | 27 (6.4%) | |
 Right hepatectomy 8 | 33 (3.7%) | 17 (4.0%) | |
 Combined resection | 55 (6.1%) | 41 (9.7%) | |
Extent of resection (pre-defined) | < 0.001 | ||
 Extent I | 482 (53.6%) | 165 (39.0%) | |
 Extent II | 155 (17.2%) | 77 (18.2%) | |
 Extent III | 142 (15.8%) | 109 (25.8%) | |
 Extent IV | 121 (13.4%) | 72 (17.0%) | |
 Surgery time (minutes) | 136.0 (60.0–212.0) | 140.0 (105.0–175.0) | 0.24 |
 Pringle maneuver (Yes; No) | 282; 618 | 263; 160 | < 0.001 |
 Hilar clamping duration (minutes) | 25.0 (8.9–41.1) | 15.0 (4.0–26.0) | < 0.001 |
 Blood loss (mL)* | 253.7, 9.0 | 333.6, 14.0 | < 0.001 |
 Post-operation hospital stays (days) | 5.0 (2.0–8.0) | 7.0 (5.0–9.0) | < 0.001 |
 Surgical resection margin (cm) | 1.5 (0.1–3.0) | 1.0 (0.1–2.0) | < 0.001 |
 Post-operation 180 days mortality | 1.1% (10/900) | 1.7% (7/423) | 0.41 |