Fig. 3

1,5-AG upregulated pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) expression to promote anaerobic glycolysis in pre-B ALL cells. A Biological processes enrichment pathways diagram. Pathways are arranged by their P value. B Effects of 1,5-AG on PDK4 mRNA expression were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). C RT-qPCR performed to detect PDK4 mRNA in control (siNC) D-E Western blot performed to detect protein in control (siNC). Original blots are presented in Supplementary Information 2. F Effect of siPDK4 on cell viability (G) Effect of siPDK4 on lactate levels. H-I The oxygen consumption rate was measured by using a Seahorse XF Analyzer. The final concentration of 1,5-AG was 0.8 mM. Data are presented as means ± standard deviations. ^*P < 0.05, ^**P < 0.01, ^***P < 0.001