Fig. 2

Identification of tumor-cell specific genes. A Venn diagram of up- and down-regulated genes for early-stage lung tumor (tLung), late-stage lung tumor (tL/B), and metastatic lymph node (mLN) compared to normal lung (nLung). B Expression map of 599 genes that were up-regulated in two or more tumor groups. Expression values scaled by z-transformation were used to a draw heatmap with limits of − 2.5 to 2.5. C Expression map of the top 100 genes upregulated for each sample group. Labels indicate the top-ranked and candidate genes. Expression values scaled by z-transformation were used to draw a heatmap with limits of − 2.5 to 2.5. D Expression plot of candidate genes for sample groups at the unique molecular identifier (UMI) level. Dot represents the UMI value for each single cell. Two-tailed Student’s t-test was performed. ***p-value < 0.001 and **p-value < 0.01. E Dot plot of candidate genes for each sample. Color indicates the average expression level. Size indicates the fraction of expressing cells