Table 1 Baseline characteristics

Age (years)

60.5 ± 12.7

61.5 ± 13.3

0.363

Sex (n, %)

0.531

 Male

608 (68.0)

126 (70.4)

 Female

286 (32.0)

53 (29.6)

HTN (n, %)

458 (51.1)

90 (50.3)

0.838

DM (n, %)

193 (21.5)

38 (21.2)

0.926

Dyslipidemia (n, %)

191 (21.2)

35 (19.6)

0.673

Liver disease

97 (10.8)

20 (11.2)

0.992

Tuberculosis

40 (4.4)

8 (4.5)

1.000

BMI (kg/m²)

25.4 ± 3.54

25.2 ± 3.64

0.636

Preoperative lab

 Creatinine (mg/dL)

1.00 ± 2.72

1.02 ± 0.78

0.942

 eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m²)

84.8 ± 22.5

81.3 ± 24.3

0.073

Operative method (n, %)

 < 0.001

 Partial nephrectomy

781 (87.2)

133(74.3)

 Radical nephrectomy

78 (12.8)

38 (25.7)

 Tumor size (cm)

3.31 ± 2.15

6.85 ± 3.25

 < 0.001

T stage (n, %)

 < 0.001

 T1–T2

815 (91.0)

143 (79.9)

 T3–T4

91 (9.0)

36 (20.1)

Fuhrman grade (n, %)

0.001

 Grade 1–2

521 (58.3)

79 (44.4)

 Grade 3–4

372 (41.7)

99 (55.6)

Pathology (n, %)

0.357

 Clear cell

756 (83.9)

145 (81.0)

 Non-clear cell

143 (16.1)

34 (19.0)

 Ipsilateral GFR (ml/min)

44.0 ± 13.8

34.6 ± 13.4

 < 0.001