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Table 2 Risk of any cancer during follow-up in individuals with a GI biopsy result of normal mucosa, compared with their matched references and siblings

From: Normal gastrointestinal mucosa at biopsy and subsequent cancer risk: nationwide population-based, sibling-controlled cohort study

 

Years since biopsy

1 y

5 y

10 y

20 y

30 y

Compared with matched references a

 HR (95%CIs)

1.21 (1.18, 1.25)

1.01 (1.00, 1.03)

1.00 (0.98, 1.02)

1.05 (1.03, 1.07)

1.08 (1.05, 1.12)

Cumulative incidence (95% CIs), %

 Reference

0.32 (0.31, 0.33)

3.00 (2.98, 3.03)

6.67 (6.63, 6.71)

15.33 (15.25, 15.42)

25.57 (25.40, 25.75)

 Normal mucosa

0.44 (0.42, 0.45)

3.29 (3.24, 3.34)

6.93 (6.85, 7.01)

15.77 (15.62, 15.92)

26.50 (26.19, 26.82)

 Difference

0.11 (0.10, 0.13)

0.29 (0.23, 0.34)

0.26 (0.17, 0.35)

0.43 (0.28, 0.59)

0.93 (0.61, 1.25)

Compared with their siblings b

 HR (95%CIs)

1.40 (1.33, 1.48)

1.12 (1.09, 1.15)

1.05 (1.02, 1.08)

1.03 (1.00, 1.07)

1.03 (0.97, 1.08)

Cumulative incidence (95% CIs), %

 Siblings

0.20 (0.19, 0.21)

1.96 (1.92, 2.00)

4.67 (4.60, 4.74)

12.13 (11.97, 12.30)

22.11 (21.75, 22.49)

 Normal mucosa

0.30 (0.28, 0.32)

2.41 (2.36, 2.47)

5.30 (5.20, 5.39)

12.92 (12.72, 13.13)

23.00 (22.55, 23.46)

 Difference

0.10 (0.08, 0.12)

0.46 (0.39, 0.53)

0.63 (0.51, 0.74)

0.79 (0.58, 1.00)

0.89 (0.42, 1.36)

  1. CIs Confidence intervals, GI Gastrointestinal, HR Hazard ratio
  2. aConditioned on matching set (birth year, sex, county of residence, and calendar period) and further adjusted for country of birth, educational attainment, number of healthcare visits, Charlson comorbidity index, and history of GI diseases
  3. bConditioned on family identifiers and further adjusted for birth year, sex, county of residence, calendar period, country of birth, educational attainment, number of healthcare visits, Charlson comorbidity index, and history of GI diseases