Table 1 Relationship between stromal periostin expression and clinicopathological parameters

Mean age, years^a

72

70

0.45

Gender (male/female)^b

52/19

43/12

0.54

Laterality (left/right)^b

38/33

34/21

0.37

Tumor location, renal pelvis/ureter^b

29/42

28/27

0.28

Non-papillary gross finding (%)^b

10 (14)

25 (46)

0.00013

Pathological T category, 1/2/3/4^b

26/18/27/0

5/6/42/2

 < 0.0001

Tumor grade, low/high^b

3/68

0/55

0.26

Lymphovascular invasion (%)^b

18 (25)

38 (69)

 < 0.0001

Concomitant subtype histology (%)^b

13 (18)

21 (38)

0.016

Concomitant CIS (%)^b

10 (14)

16 (29)

0.047

Pathological LN metastasis, positive/negative/no LN dissection^b

2/16/53

8/17/30

0.021

Positive surgical margin (%)^b

4 (6)

10 (18)

0.043

High budding (%)^b

4 (6)

37 (67)

 < 0.0001

High TAICs (score 2–3) (%)^b

21 (30)

29 (53)

0.010