Table 2 Histological tumor characteristics, locoregional recurrences and death of all patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (n = 1502)
Histological features | Total | Recurrences | Death | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | Column % | N | Row % | P-value | N | Row % | P-value | |
Perineural invasion | † | † | ||||||
No | 1448 | 96 | 291 | 20 | 0.79 | 523 | 36 | 0.001 |
Yes | 51 | 3 | 8 | 16 | 31 | 61 | ||
Unclear / not evaluable | 3 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 33 | ||
Vascular invasion | † | † | ||||||
No | 1459 | 97 | 290 | 20 | 0.74 | 532 | 37 | 0.036 |
Yes | 39 | 3 | 9 | 23 | 22 | 56 | ||
Unclear / not evaluable | 4 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 25 | ||
Growth pattern | ‡ | ‡ | ||||||
Cohesive growth | 830 | 55 | 165 | 20 | 0.79 | 302 | 36 | 0.399 |
Non-cohesive growth | 329 | 22 | 62 | 19 | 116 | 35 | ||
Unclear / not evaluable | 20 | 1 | 6 | 30 | 5 | 25 | ||
Not determined | 323 | 22 | 66 | 20 | 132 | 41 | ||
PNI+/VI+/Growth pattern | ‡ | ‡ | ||||||
No adverse characteristics | 798 | 53 | 161 | 20 | 0.85 | 283 | 36 | 0.027 |
One adverse characteristics | 318 | 21 | 58 | 18 | 111 | 35 | ||
Two/three adverse characteristics | 41 | 3 | 8 | 20 | 23 | 56 | ||
One or more characteristics unknown | 345 | 23 | 72 | 21 | 138 | 40 | ||
Keratinization | ‡ | ‡ | ||||||
No | 212 | 14 | 44 | 21 | 0.88 | 81 | 38 | 0.664 |
Yes | 867 | 58 | 174 | 20 | 312 | 36 | ||
Unclear / not evaluable | 26 | 2 | 5 | 19 | 11 | 42 | ||
Not determined | 397 | 26 | 76 | 19 | 151 | 38 | ||
Degree of differentiation | ‡ | ‡ | ||||||
Well differentiated (grade 1) | 128 | 9 | 23 | 18 | 0.95 | 37 | 29 | < 0.001 |
Moderately differentiated (grade 2) | 595 | 40 | 118 | 20 | 220 | 37 | ||
Poorly differentiated (grade 3) | 214 | 14 | 43 | 20 | 110 | 51 | ||
Unclear / not evaluable | 4 | 0.3 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 50 | ||
Not determined | 561 | 37 | 115 | 21 | 186 | 33 | ||