Table 2 Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards model results

Sex (Male)

1.63 (1.42, 1.86)

< 0.001

1.32 (1.07, 1.64)

0.01

Age at diagnosis (+ 5 years)

1.08 (1.05, 1.12)

< 0.001

Smoking (Yes)

1.31 (1.15, 1.49)

< 0.001

BMI (+ 1)

1.00 (0.99, 1.01)

0.21

Chemotherapy (Yes)

0.60 (0.53, 0.68)

< 0.001

0.55 (0.47, 0.64)

< 0.001

Comorbidities (Yes)

0.95 (0.85, 1.09)

0.57

 Squamous cell carcinoma

1.36 (1.19, 1.55)

< 0.001

 Large cell carcinoma

0.82 (0.39, 1.71)

0.65

 Multiple types

1.76 (1.28, 2.41)

0.003

1.77 (1.20, 2.61)

0.017

Stage (Advanced stage)

4.95 (3.40, 7.21)

< 0.001

4.78 (3.18, 7.18)

< 0.001

Baseline serum ALB (> = 35 U/L)

0.40 (0.33, 0.48)

< 0.001

0.53 (0.42, 0.68)

< 0.001

Baseline serum NLR (+ 5)

1.34 (1.28, 1.40)

< 0.001

1.25 (1.17, 1.34)

< 0.001

Baseline serum ChE (> = 7700 U/L)

0.61 (0.53, 0.69)

< 0.001

0.77 (0.67, 0.93)

0.006